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Overview of expected mediation relationships. Direct effects are excluded for clarity reasons. (C-19 = COVID-19). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259922.g001
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255382.].
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This study seeks to explore vaccine hesitancy among university students at a tertiary institution in Jamaica since the effects of COVID-19.
Citations
... Scholars have found that psychological constructs at the individual level, such as empathy and need to belong, are influential contributors to higher levels of perceived collective responsibility (Wismans et al., 2021). Individuals who feel more empathy toward other people or want to be accepted by other people would perceive higher level of responsibility to protect others via vaccination. ...
... Individuals who feel more empathy toward other people or want to be accepted by other people would perceive higher level of responsibility to protect others via vaccination. Moreover, personality traits were found to predict the perceptions of collective responsibility (Wismans et al., 2021). Those with more altruistic personalities would be more likely to recognize their responsibility to care and help others. ...
... Thus, we expect that the feeling of being cared for, supported, and included by the organizations underlie the indirect relationship between relationship management approaches and vaccine acceptance through collective responsibility perceptions. Such findings echo previous public health literature that featured the mediating role of collective responsibility (Wismans et al., 2021) and supported the validity of communication-attitude-behavior change continuum in the contexts of Covid-19 vaccine communication. These results also demonstrated a transmission mechanism between relationship management and employee positive outcome, verifying the importance of collective thinking and attitude in employee prosocial behavior. ...
Businesses, as one of the largest units in society, are expected to be socially responsible and become vaccine advocate to help with recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Building upon this expectation, this study takes an internal communication perspective to explore the role of organizations in motivating employees to stand in solidarity and adopt prosocial behavior (i.e., vaccination against COVID-19 in this study) in the fight against the pandemic. Specifically, we propose a psychological model that pictures how organizational informing and listening can facilitate employee attitude toward vaccination by realizing their collective responsibility to protect others at work via communal relationships with the organizations. The findings of this study contribute to ethical practices of organizational communication by revealing the under-explored role of organizations in addressing vaccine hesitance and resistance during the current pandemic.
... These interventions include increasing feelings of responsibility through personalized accountability requests (Shaffer et al., 1975), reducing ambiguity about the situation (Fischer et al., 2011), and incentivizing formally assigned group leaders (Ferrante et al., 2006). Initial data from the COVID-19 pandemic support variations of these strategies in motivating vaccination intention and action: Measures of confidence and collective responsibility were associated with students' vaccination intentions, with collective responsibility serving as a mediating factor between vaccination intent and higher levels of perceived risk of COVID-19 to others, altruism, and the need to belong (Wismans et al., 2021). Similarly, for young social media users, the desire to protect their families and relatives was the most commonly expressed reason for vaccination at 96.7%, with viewing vaccination as an act of civic responsibility following closely at 91.9% (Benis et al., 2021). ...
The current study reviews key social psychological mechanisms related to conflict and conflict resolution that manifest within both the coronavirus pandemic and climate change crises. The uncertainty, scale, and nature of both global crises generate various forms of individual‐ and group‐level conflicts that, mediated by psychological and cultural phenomena, impede beneficial action and sustainable adaptation. Specifically, we highlight five social psychological mechanisms (i.e., cognitive dissonance, responsibility diffusion, compassion fatigue, dehumanization, and competitive beliefs) known to interact with, produce, and amplify intrapersonal, interpersonal, and/or intergroup conflicts. We draw attention to how these mechanisms have been activated by the pandemic in ways that share important similarities with climate change and present evidence‐informed approaches to combating their contribution to conflict (i.e., motivating behavior change, implementing accountability mechanisms, creating collective action opportunities, fostering intergroup contact, and promoting perspective‐taking). By engaging social psychological research to better understand both the roots of conflict as well as outline potential individual, community, and societal responses that can help alleviate conflict during these global crises, we can increase our ability to successfully navigate and in some cases avoid future conflicts caused by climate change.
This article is categorized under: Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Behavior Change and Responses
... The results show that all five components of the 5C model are related to COVID-19 vaccination. However, confidence and collective responsibility are most strongly related to vaccination intention [13]. Considering the broader context of the issue, we can relate this model to psychological resilience. ...
... In our study, there were no significant differences between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups in self-esteem and resilience, although previous studies have suggested that such relations may exist [13,14,17]. To explain these results, it is necessary to distinguish between usual prevention and health decisions and those made during a pandemic. ...
People's opinions on immunization are diverse. Despite the constant improvement of vaccine formulas, the number of people reluctant to immunize is not decreasing. The purpose of our study is to assess the psychological determinants of immunization reluctance in depth. We measured levels of anxiety (death-related and general), fear of COVID-19, self-esteem and resilience among 342 adults. We found that the level of COVID-19 related fear is higher among the vaccinated population , despite general anxiety levels being lower. Surprisingly we didn't find significant differences in resilience and self-esteem levels. Findings are concurrent with previous research-COVID-19 related fear level is higher among vaccinated people. Resilience and self-esteem are defined as stable, trait-like constructs, and thus may not manifest higher levels in very specific pandemic situations, although they may lower the levels of general anxiety.
... Although recent studies examined the relation of different psychological and behavioral variables in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic Morgul et al., 2020;Skoda et al., 2021;Weismüller et al., 2021;Wismans et al., 2021), there is lack of research on how they are related to each other in an interplay of a set of multiple variables, particularly during the pandemic situation in 2021. Moreover, the role that pandemic fatigue might have in relation to mental health concerns is not fully understood. ...
Collectivism is consistently correlated with a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. Nevertheless, qualitative evidence on how collectivism benefits vaccination is scarce. Serbia has been transitioning from a socialist to a neoliberal country for decades now, and its unique ideological context provokes different forms of collectivism. Young adults are usually the ones who represent radical political, non-neoliberal opposition, embracing collectivistic ideas. We selected a group of self-declared collectivists from Serbia and encouraged them to express their attitude toward vaccination. The final sample consisted of 16 narratives (four female), written by 13 vaccinated and three unvaccinated participants. We conducted two types of thematic analyses, resulting in 12 semantic (five collectivistic and seven individualistic) and two latent themes. The results unambiguously showed the presence of individualism in the argumentation of self-declared collectivists, especially those unvaccinated. We proposed the term Neoliberal collectivism to reach a better understanding of young people’s perspectives in the specific socio-political context.
Citation: Myburgh, N.; Mulaudzi, M.; Tshabalala, G.; Beta, N.; Gutu, K.; Vermaak, S.; Lau, C.; Hill, C.; Stanberry, L.; James, W.; et al. A Qualitative Study Exploring Motivators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Adults in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Vaccines 2023, 11, 729. https://doi. Abstract: While vaccines are a well-established method of controlling the spread of infectious diseases, vaccine hesitancy jeopardizes curbing the spread of COVID-19. Through the Vaccine Information Network (VIN), this study explored barriers and motivators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We conducted 18 focus group discussions with male and female community members, stratified by country, age group, and-for Zimbabwe only-by HIV status. Participants' median age across both countries was 40 years (interquartile range of 22-40), and most (65.9%) were female. We conceptualized the key themes within the World Health Organization's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) 3C (convenience, confidence, complacency) vaccine hesitancy model. Barriers to vaccine uptake-lack of convenience, low confidence, and high complacency-included inaccessibility of vaccines and vaccination sites, vaccine safety and development concerns, and disbelief in COVID-19's existence. Motivators to vaccine uptake-convenience, confidence, and low complacency-included accessibility of vaccination sites, user-friendly registration processes, trust in governments and vaccines, fear of dying from COVID-19, and knowing someone who had died from or become infected with COVID-19. Overall, vaccine hesitancy in South Africa and Zimbabwe was influenced by inconvenience, a lack of confidence, and high complacency around COVID-19 vaccines.
This study aims to investigate the causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the Chinese population. The LDA model and content analysis were used to analyze the content of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy expressed by the Chinese on Weibo from 2020 to 2022, the leading causes of vaccine hesitancy, and the changes in the reasons for vaccine hesitancy over time. The study found that when the Chinese expressed vaccine hesitancy, it usually involved themes such as information access (18.59%), vaccination services (13.91%), and physical illness (13.24%), and topics such as vaccination process (6.83%), allergic diseases (6.59%), and international news (6.43%). Constraints (35.48%), confidence (17.94%), and calculation (15.99%) are the leading causes of vaccine hesitancy on Weibo. These findings provide a comprehensive picture of how the Chinese express vaccine hesitancy in social media and the reasons and changes for vaccine hesitancy, which can help inspire public health experts, health organizations, or governments in various countries to improve the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy.
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity wanes over time, and with the emergence of new variants, additional “booster” doses have been recommended in Canada. However, booster vaccination uptake has remained low, particularly amongst younger adults aged 18–39. A previous study by our research team found that an altruism-eliciting video increased COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Using qualitative methods, the present study aims to: (1) identify the factors that influence vaccine decision-making in Canadian younger adults; (2) understand younger adults’ perceptions of an altruism-eliciting video designed to increase COVID-19 vaccine intentions; and (3) explore how the video can be improved and adapted to the current pandemic context. We conducted three focus groups online with participants who: (1) received at least one booster vaccine, (2) received the primary series without any boosters, or (3) were unvaccinated. We used deductive and inductive approaches to analyze data. Deductively, informed by the realist evaluation framework, we synthesized data around three main themes: context, mechanism, and intervention-specific suggestions. Within each main theme, we deductively created subthemes based on the health belief model (HBM). For quotes that could not be captured by these subthemes, additional themes were created inductively. We found multiple factors that could be important considerations in future messaging to increase vaccine acceptance, such as feeling empowered, fostering confidence in government and institutions, providing diverse (such as both altruism and individualism) messaging, and including concrete data (such as the prevalence of vulnerable individuals). These findings suggest targeted messaging tailored to these themes would be helpful to increase COVID-19 booster vaccination amongst younger adults.
Background:
Discussions regarding syndemics have dominated research in recent years. Vaccine hesitancy has also been propelled to the forefront. In this narrative review, we aim to frame a novel syndemic framework to understand the interaction between vaccine hesitancy, COVID-19, and negative health outcomes.
Methods:
A non-systematic electronic search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar. Search criteria were limited to articles published between November 2019 and June 2022. Articles related to the COVID-19 syndemic and vaccine hesitancy were included.
Results:
Our review revealed that the adherence to COVID-19 regulations-although they were effective in preventing COVID-19 transmission, cases, and deaths-created a dynamically unstable 'vicious cycle' between undesirable health, economic, and social outcomes. The "accumulation" of complex stressors decreased individuals' cognitive flexibility and hindered them from making decisions and getting vaccinated. Furthermore, it increased individuals' risk of acquiring COVID-19, losing their employment, increasing poverty, and decreasing healthcare utilization. We illustrated how the amalgamation of sociodemographic and contextual factors associated with COVID-19 might impact people's vaccine decisions, making them more hesitant toward COVID-19 vaccination. Failing to receive vaccinations increases the chances of COVID-19 transmission, hospitalization, and other negative health outcomes.
Conclusions:
Understanding the interaction between these factors is essential to provide policymakers with inspiration to set appropriate interventions for promoting COVID-19 vaccination acceptance to decrease the overall burden of pandemics.
Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy among young adults is a current public health issue that needs to be addressed considering the seasonally driven waves of disease and the administration of vaccine boosters. As a prevention measure, the EU Covid certificate had been implemented to increase vaccine uptake, but its application was controversial. Our study investigated students’ opinions and attitudes towards Covid-19 vaccination and the EU Covid certificate through a mixed-methods design. An 18-item questionnaire was administered to 200 students during a vaccination campaign in September 2021 at the University of Bordeaux, France. Simultaneously, 30 students attended a semi-structured interview. Collected data were analyzed separately then discussed together through a parallel and convergent approach. Results showed that vaccine hesitancy was high among students, mostly from fear of short-term side effects. However, respondents decided to get vaccinated to obtain the EU Covid certificate, even if they considered it as a violation of their freedom. Straightforward communication about Covid-19 vaccination did not reach students, although this was a strong expectation from governmental and health institutions. Findings suggest that key health personnel should provide evidence-based information about vaccines in efforts of building trust with young people.
