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Overview of The phylogeny of angiosperms poster. Full download available from: http://www.plantgateway.com/poster/
Source publication
This article provides a visual overview of the relationships of all angiosperm families (following APG IV). The poster lists important characters for major grades and clades and these are illustrated with flower images of 269 plant families. It is presented to provide a useful educational tool. The scientific names and photo accreditation of each i...
Citations
... Second, in each of our analyses the shape of the flower leads to strong qualitative and quantitative changes in the electrical field shape and strength. Thus, considering the broader variation in flower morphology [59], our results indicate that significant morphological variation can lead to even more distinct signals and convey potentially unique information about the flower according to its shape. Indeed, several aspects of flower morphology and heterogeneity are not captured by our analysis (e.g. ...
... Indeed, several aspects of flower morphology and heterogeneity are not captured by our analysis (e.g. large 3D variations, plant sex organs [59]) such that we anticipate the presence of these features to produce even stronger perturbations and interactions. ...
Relationships between plants and insects vitally underpin the health of global ecosystems and food production. Through co-evolution, insects have acquired a variety of senses in response to the emergence of floral cues such as scent, colour and shape. Therefore, the recent discovery of electroreception among terrestrial arthropods motivates the investigation of floral electrics as part of their wider sensory ecology. We examine how a flower's morphology and material properties produce and propagate detectable, ecologically relevant electrical signals in several biologically inspired scenarios. As the electrical field both interior and exterior to the flower must be solved for, we develop an extension of the two-dimensional AAA-least squares algorithm for solving such two-domain electrostatics problems. It is found that the electrical signals produced by the plant can reveal information to the insect about the flower shape, available pollen and the presence of other nearby arthropods. These results show good qualitative agreement with an equivalent three-dimensional scenario, computed using finite element methods. The extension of the AAA-least squares algorithm to two-domain problems provides a fast and accurate method for modelling electrostatic problems, with possible further application in fluid dynamics and magnetostatics. Biologically, our results highlight the significant role floral electrics may play in plant-pollinator and predator-prey relationships, unveiling previously unstudied facets of these key relationships.
... The ornamental Canna, a single genus of family Cannaceae (Tanaka et al. 2009), comes under the order Zingiberales which consisting of eight families based on an update of the APG IV (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) classification of the orders and families of angiosperm (APG et al., 2016;Byng et al., 2018). Recently, the genus Canna have been recognized and 20 species studied based on morphological and molecular analyses (Tanaka, 2001(Tanaka, , 2008 Canna is characterized by its asymmetrical showy hermaphrodite flowers with 3-4 petaloid staminodes and one relatively modified as a staminodial labellum which is special structure for a place to pollination insects. ...
Background: Canna lily (Canna indica L.) is an edible herbaceous perennial plant in which flowers and rhizomes were commonly used as a food additive and its potentiality was not fully utilized in India. To stun these hindrances, morphological characterizations are needed to determine the genetic variability to improve flower quality and rhizome yield in canna lily. Methods: In the present research, a field experiment was conducted during 2022-2023 in Botanical Garden, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Twelve accessions were investigated by using a randomized block design with 3 replications. All the observations for 23 quantitative traits were carried out at 0.05 and 0.01 probability. Results: The wide range of genetic variability was observed, a high genetic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.49 to 75.62 % and a phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.83 to 76.50 % was observed in 20 traits except in time taken for first flowering, rhizome diameter, number of nodes per rhizome. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent of mean was observed for 21 traits except in time taken for flowering and number of nodes per rhizome. Character association analysis revealed that stem diameter and inflorescence length showed highly significant and positively correlated with flower yield and rhizome yield per plant. Path analysis specified that the number of leaves per clump had a very high and positive direct effect on fresh flower yield per plant.
... The APG system became so influential that many botanical gardens subsequently replanted their systematic gardens and many herbaria rearranged their specimens according to this system. Because of the stability of the successive APG systems it became also very useful for didactical purposes (Byng & al., 2018;Cole & al., 2019). However, recent approaches, utilising large molecular datasets (e.g., based on Angiosperms353 sequence capture probes), indicate that the system of angiosperms might be less understood or stable than we previously thought (Baker & al., 2022). ...
Comparative morphology was for many years the main source of information for systematic studies. As a result of the molecular revolution in evolutionary botanical research in the early 1990s, we can now rely on a system of classification based primarily or exclusively on DNA. Nevertheless, we would like to emphasise the importance of morphology in this era of molecular phylogenetics. We argue that comparative morphology, using the latest technologies and developmental studies, is a modern and important scientific discipline that is essential to better understand evolution of the angiosperms and many other taxa. This paper also offers a guideline for emerging morphologists and phylogeneticists aiming to include morphology in their research.
... Only a few measurements of species, of which only a few measurements are mentioned in the literature, are provided in this paper. Classification of plants follows the Phylogenetic classification APG IV 2016(Byng et al. 2018. ...
The present study reports the results of surveys carried out over a period of two years (2018 and 2020) in four provinces
of Iran: Guilan, Razavi Khorasan, Mazandaran, and Sistan and Baluchestan. Twenty-three species from eight genera
of Phytoseiidae have been collected, of which two species were newly recorded for Iran, namely: Euseius gallicus and
Proprioseiopsis lineatus. Three species, namely Neoseiulus agrestis, Amblyseius obtusus, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius)
haiastanius are new records for the Guilan Province. Neoseiulus californicus and Amblyseius swirskii are new records
for the Mazandaran Province while Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) haiastanius is a new record for the Razavi Khorasan
Province. All species collected in Sistan and Baluchestan are new records for this province. The worldwide distribution
and plant hosts of all collected phytoseiids during this study are provided
... Graphical drawing by Natalia Pendiur F I G U R E 2 Host associations of mistletoes in Africa at the family level, based on data in Table S1. Host plant classification follows Stevens (2001 onwards), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016), and Ran et al. (2018), and the coloring of major plant clades follows Byng et al. (2018). Classification of the Santalales (including hosts and mistletoes) follows Kuijt and Hansen (2015). ...
Mistletoes, as perennial hemiparasitic angiosperms that parasitize woody plants, are an important component of the highly diverse, endemically rich and mosaic African flora, which is attributed to the Holarctic, Paleotropical, and Cape Floristic kingdoms. The richness of African mistletoes from the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, along with many aspects of their biology and ecology, was covered in the comprehensive monograph of Polhill and Wiens (1998, Mistletoes of Africa , Royal Botanic Gardens). The present review is devoted to the taxonomic and functional diversity of symbionts associated with mistletoes in Africa and adjacent islands that contribute to the major biological functions of mistletoes, such as establishment and growth, nutrition and fitness, resistance to external stresses, as well as pollination and dispersal. These functions are favored by more or less distinct sets of associated bionts, including host plants, animal herbivores, frugivorous birds, nectar‐ and pollen‐feeding insects, and endophytic microorganisms. A separate section is devoted to mistletoe epiparasitism as a special case of host selection. All these organisms, which are components of the mistletoe‐associated community and multitrophic network, define the role of mistletoes as keystone species. Some aspects of the symbiont communities are compared here with patterns reported for mistletoes from other continents, particularly to identify potential relationships that remain to be explored for the African species. In addition, properties of endophytic mistletoe associates that contribute to the plant's communication with coexisting organisms are considered. We also highlight the important gaps of knowledge of the functioning of mistletoe‐associated communities in Africa and indicate some applied issues that need future attention.
Abstract in French is available with online material.
... Graphical drawing by Natalia Pendiur F I G U R E 2 Host associations of mistletoes in Africa at the family level, based on data in Table S1. Host plant classification follows Stevens (2001 onwards), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016), and Ran et al. (2018), and the coloring of major plant clades follows Byng et al. (2018). Classification of the Santalales (including hosts and mistletoes) follows Kuijt and Hansen (2015). ...
... Classification of plants follows the APG IV classification of 2016 (ex. Byng et al. 2018). Specimens of each species are deposited in the mite collections of Institut Agro (Montpellier SupAgro) conserved in UMR CBGP INRAE/IRD/CIRAD/SupAgro/University of Montpellier. ...
Faunas of Phytoseiidae of the Mascareignes Archipalago (Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues Islands) and of the Comoros Archipelago (Mayotte, Anjouan, Mohéli and Grande Comore Isands) were recently investigated by authors of this paper and results were published in seven already published papers. We described in this eighth paper six species new to science and six unknown males collected during these surveys.
... Classification of plants follows the APG IV classification of 2016 (ex. Byng et al. 2018). ...
We compare morphometric measurements and other characteristics of females and males of Scapulaseius asiaticus (Evans) and S. reptans (Blommers) collected in various countries and already published, with new morphometric measurements and character states of specimens of the type series of both species and additional materials. The aim is to establish definitively whether both species are synonyms or not, following the doubt on the taxonomic status of the former and the hypothesis formulated by both authors in previous papers concerning Mauritius phytoseiid fauna. Setal and shield measurements were similar between species and other morphological characters used before to separate both taxa, like the position of setae R1, showed a wide intraspecific variability. We conclude that the two forms are conspecific and, therefore, S. reptans is designated a junior synonym of S. asiaticus.
... Classification of plants follows the APG IV classification of 2016 (ex. Byng et al. 2018). ...
Madeira is the largest of the four islands constituting Madeira Archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is located at 400 km from the Northern Canary Islands, at 500 km from Morocco and between 900 and 1000 km from South Portugal and Spain. So far, nineteen species of the mite family Phytoseiidae had been reported from this island. We report in this paper the results of a survey conducted in May 2019 in Madeira Island, in which 15 species have been found, six being new for the Island fauna.
... Classification of plants follows the APG IV classification of 2016 (ex. Byng et al. 2018). ...
Grande Comore is the larger Island of the four main islands constituting Comoros Archipelago. It is the fourth Island starting from Madagascar after Mayotte, Anjouan and Mohéli and closer to the African coast (Mozambique and Tanzania). So far, only five species of the mite family Phytoseiidae had been reported from this island. We report in this paper the results of a survey conducted at the end of 2018 in Grande Comore Island, in which 29 species have been recorded.
