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Distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) test is the legal requirement in crop breeding to grant the intellectual property right for new varieties by evaluating their morphological characteristics across environments. On the other hand, molecular markers accurately identify genetic variations and validate the purity of the cultivars. Therefore...
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... In recent years, research on the adaptation of fenugreek genotypes to environmental conditions has increased both in Türkiye and globally (Beyzi et al., 2021;Maloo et al., 2023;Camlica and Yaldiz, 2024;Camlica et al., 2024;Coban et al., 2024;Ghosaliya et al., 2024;Haliloglu et al., 2024). Changing climate conditions, particularly drought and irregular rainfall patterns, are significant stress factors that negatively impact the growth and yield potential of fenugreek (Abd-El-Wahab et al., 2023;Dobeie et al., 2024). However, fenugreek stands out not only for its agricultural use but also for its bioactive compounds, which have important applications in the health sector. ...
This study investigates the effects of irrigated and non-irrigated conditions on the bioactive compound content in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) across 31 diverse genotypes from various geographical regions. The study was conducted at Atatürk University Research and Extension Center, Türkiye (N 39°55’59.9”, E 41°14’10.6”, altitude 1789 m) during the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons. The levels of diosgenin, trigonelline, and 4-hydroxyisoleucine analyzed under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions were found to be significantly influenced by genotype, environment, and their interaction (Genotype × Environment), with a highly significant effect observed at the p < 0.001 level. The compounds analyzed included diosgenin (0.50-0.93%), trigonelline (5.22-13.65 mg g⁻¹), and 4-hydroxyisoleucine (0.41-1.90%). Notably, genotypes such as Sivas/TR, Amasya/TR, Konya/TR and Samsun/TR exhibited higher diosgenin content across all conditions, while Spain, Malaysia, France, and India showed higher trigonelline content under irrigation. Variability in 4-hydroxyisoleucine content was observed, with some genotypes showing stability across different environmental conditions. A negative correlation between diosgenin and trigonelline was observed in fenugreek. Furthermore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were found to be effective in revealing genetic diversity, morphological differences, and genotype adaptability. The findings highlight the potential for selecting superior genotypes for breeding programs focused on enhancing bioactive compound yields, especially under varying irrigation and non-irrigated conditions. This research emphasizes the critical role of environmental and genetic factors in optimizing the production of health-benefiting compounds in fenugreek.
... however there are general climatic information for each country, in Yemen the fenugreek is cultivated in 4 regions which are Sanaa, Hajja, Omran and Thamar and the cultivation is rainfed agriculture (17). In Egypt the fenugreek is cultivated in October in several regions such as Giza, Ismailia, Minya and western Region, the cultivation depends on irrigation (18). Iran the fenugreek is cultivated in 20 sites under irrigation or as rainfed crops (19). ...
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. commonly known as fenugreek, is an important economic and medicinal plant cultivated in various regions of the world. Fenugreek produces several important active chemical constituents that determine its pharmacological properties. The aim of this research was to analyze the volatile constituents spontaneously emitted by eight samples of fenugreek seeds purchased from different Middle Eastern drugstores, including Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, and Iran. A total of 70 constituents belonging to different chemical classes, including monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, phe-nylpropanoids, apocarotenes, nitrogen/sulfur derivatives, and non-terpene derivatives, were characterized in the volatile emissions of the eight samples, some components with significant olfactory properties were detected such as γ-nonalactone, cumin aldehyde, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, and eugenol. PCA showed two macro-clusters; the first comprised two subgroups , while the second included only Yemeni samples. The findings of this study demonstrate that the significant variation for volatile profiles in fenugreek samples which are prone to variations in the geographical origin of these samples. ARTICLE HISTORY
... Our recent study reported that fenugreek grows well in various habitats, including marginal areas, and is reasonably resistant to salinity [27]. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the genetic variability underlying the morphological traits in fenugreek genotypes grown under salinity stress and identify the SNP markers associated with the measured traits. ...
... However, some root growth differences should still exist when comparing the adopted pot system with the natural field conditions [28]. As a result, we sought to compare the RD results from the current pot trial to the unpublished data from the field experiment [27], which demonstrated a positive association between RD measured across all treatments in both experiments. On the other hand, a negative correlation was found between BN recorded in the current pot experiment and an earlier field experiment [27], which could be attributed to the lower plant density in the pot experiment vs. the field condition. ...
... As a result, we sought to compare the RD results from the current pot trial to the unpublished data from the field experiment [27], which demonstrated a positive association between RD measured across all treatments in both experiments. On the other hand, a negative correlation was found between BN recorded in the current pot experiment and an earlier field experiment [27], which could be attributed to the lower plant density in the pot experiment vs. the field condition. ...
Salinity is a significant factor restricting plant growth and production. The effect of salinity stress on different growth parameters of 111 fenugreek genotypes was examined in an experiment with three salinity levels (0, 3000, 6000 mgL−1). A completely randomized block design with two replicated pots per treatment was used. Non-significant treatment effects were observed on fresh weight (FW); however, all traits showed significant genotype-by-treatment (GxT) interactions. This GxT was reflected in substantial SNP x environment interactions. Of 492 significant SNPs associated with the measured traits, 212 SNPs were linked to the correlated traits using an arbitrary threshold of three. Several SNPs were associated with FW and dry weight, measured under the same salinity treatment. The correlation between both traits was 0.98 under the three salinity treatments. In addition, 280 SNPs with conditional neutrality effects were mapped. The identified SNPs can be used in future marker-assisted breeding programs to select salt-tolerant genotypes. The results of this research shed light on the salt-tolerant properties of fenugreek.
