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... LSG was established under the CPC Central Commission and led by the secretary of the CCDI, with the deputy secretary and the head of the Organization Department as the deputies. 43 The Party centre also established central inspection teams, which reported to the LSG (Figure 2). Playing a role in punishment and deterrence, the inspection institution had been involved in more intra-Party educational activities in the Mass Line Activity and the subsequent activities. ...
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While changes in Chinese Communist Party (CCP) recruitment are generally described as different phases focused on recruiting either “reds” or “experts,” giving more or less weight to political or technical criteria, we instead stress the importance of changing understandings of political loyalty to examine these evolutions. By tracing these changes throughout the party's 100 years, we show that how the party understands loyalty is largely strategic, detached from a purely ideological approach. The CCP has alternatively approached loyalty in ascriptive terms, based on class background, and behavioural ones, looking at active displays of loyalty or passive obedience. The level and form of activism expected from party members and cadres have also dramatically changed over time. Relying on recruitment data, this article shows that it is paradoxically during periods of party expansion that the CCP becomes more politically demanding with its members.