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This chapter assesses the role of community-based/participatory natural resource management (CB/PNRM)
in supporting adaptation to current and potential future climate change impacts among pastoral communities in Ethiopia. Such communities are expected to experience significant changes in the natural environments on which their livelihoods rely. Cli...
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... addition to changes in the frequency of these severe weather events, changes - especially changes in precipitation -are also occurring in their temporal and geographic distribution. Rare, once-in-50-years, once-in-100-years and once-in-300-years events are beginning to occur with a frequency that redefines their essential character as they become commonplace (see Figure 4). The very nature of these unpredictable, often severe events will require EAS providers to assist with relief and post-trauma efforts, if not directly, then certainly in working with affected populations in rebuilding afterwards ( Shepherd et al., 2013). ...
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Vast literatures have motioned and given details on the phenomenon climate change and its impact at the world scale, however, only a limited number of studies are based on location-specific data in providing immediate evidence on the existence and the impact of climate change on a particular geographical area. This paper, therefore, is an effort to...
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... These findings are consistent with [27], who reported that over half of the beneficiary farmers (55.00%) fell into the medium adoption category for climate-resilient technologies. These results align with the findings of [28][29][30]. ...
Climate change poses enormous challenges for agriculture in developing countries, impacting farmers' livelihoods. Farmers are extremely affected by their need to adapt to changing climatic variations. Climate resilient technologies are an effective means to protect farming systems from climate variability. National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) is a flagship initiative of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi which has demonstrated, and promoted the application of climate-resilient technologies in the most vulnerable 151 districts across 28 states and 1 union territory in India. This study has been conducted to investigate the extent to which CRA technologies are being adopted by the farmers in the NICRA project executed in villages of Suryapet and Khammam districts in Telangana state, India. It further studied the factors affecting the extent of adoption of CRA technologies and whether these technologies help achieve the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A structured interview was carried out to obtain data from 200 respondents. Data was analyzed using normalization of the adoption index and step-wise multiple regression analysis. Results discovered medium to high levels of adoption of CRA technologies by the farmers with interventions like deep ploughing, in situ moisture conservation technologies, improved paddy varieties, crop diversification, crop rotation, deworming in sheep and goats, improved backyard poultry breeds and Custom Hiring Centres were highly adopted by the farmers. Factors like innovative proneness, availability of water resources, economic motivation, farming system, land holding, and risk-taking ability have significantly contributed to the adoption of CRA technologies. Results revealed that NICRA interventions facilitated the achievement of various SDGs, viz., SDG-1 (no poverty), SDG-2 (zero hunger), SDG-3 (good health and well-being), SDG-8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG-12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG-13 (climate action), and SDG-15 (life on land). The study recommends increasing awareness among farmers and enhancing their capacity through various programmes by extension personnel to further improve the adoption of CRA technologies and achieve SDGs.
... As per Simpson and Burpee (2014), a critical challenge for RAS is to identify the necessary adaptive changes farmers must undertake and the timing of these changes. RAS play a role in communicating technologies, information, and methods using various approaches which encompasses conventional extension methods like interpersonal interactions, demonstrations, printed materials, and field days, as well as modern channels such as Information and Communication Technology (ICTs) like radio, mobile phones, videos, and social media. ...
Climate Smart Livestock (CSL) farming is a collection of different technical solutions to reduce the impact of climate change on
livestock and vice versa. They include both mitigation and adaptation strategies, which will sustainably increase cattle productivity,
offer adaptability, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions while ensuring food security. The role of extension and advisory services
is essential for sustainable climate-smart livestock farming as well as combating climate change in developing countries like India,
where the majority of livestock farmers are marginal to small, as these services are key in creating awareness, motivating adoption,
and facilitating the implementation of suitable practices and technologies. Extension providers can play a major role in supporting
climate-smart farming through technology development and information dissemination, strengthening farmer’s capacity, facilitation
and brokering, and advocacy and policy support. In this context, the article covers CSL and its essential adoption needs, Extension
approaches for CSL, and CSL and rural advisory services.
... Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% by 2050 to satisfy expected demands for food and feed(Conforti, 2011) • Climate change can lead to reductions in production and lower incomes in vulnerable areas • Rural Advisory Services (RAS) have a crucial role to play in linking farmers with sources of new information and tools so that they can transition to CSA practices(Simpson and Burpee, 2014) Preparedness of extension for CSAFarmers need timely and location specific information related to climate risks but currently there are number of gaps and challenges in providing climate information to farmers. First among them in non-preparedness of extension functionaries to climatic change. ...
Climate-smart agriculture contributes to the achievement of sustainable development
goals. It integrates the three dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social and
environmental) by jointly addressing food security and climate challenges. Extension
providers can play a major role in supporting CSA through the following: technology
development and information dissemination, strengthening farmers’ capacity, facilitation
and brokering, and advocacy and policy support.
... Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% by 2050 to satisfy expected demands for food and feed(Conforti, 2011) • Climate change can lead to reductions in production and lower incomes in vulnerable areas • Rural Advisory Services (RAS) have a crucial role to play in linking farmers with sources of new information and tools so that they can transition to CSA practices(Simpson and Burpee, 2014) Preparedness of extension for CSAFarmers need timely and location specific information related to climate risks but currently there are number of gaps and challenges in providing climate information to farmers. First among them in non-preparedness of extension functionaries to climatic change. ...
... Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% by 2050 to satisfy expected demands for food and feed(Conforti, 2011) • Climate change can lead to reductions in production and lower incomes in vulnerable areas • Rural Advisory Services (RAS) have a crucial role to play in linking farmers with sources of new information and tools so that they can transition to CSA practices(Simpson and Burpee, 2014) Preparedness of extension for CSAFarmers need timely and location specific information related to climate risks but currently there are number of gaps and challenges in providing climate information to farmers. First among them in non-preparedness of extension functionaries to climatic change. ...
... Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% by 2050 to satisfy expected demands for food and feed(Conforti, 2011) • Climate change can lead to reductions in production and lower incomes in vulnerable areas • Rural Advisory Services (RAS) have a crucial role to play in linking farmers with sources of new information and tools so that they can transition to CSA practices(Simpson and Burpee, 2014) Preparedness of extension for CSAFarmers need timely and location specific information related to climate risks but currently there are number of gaps and challenges in providing climate information to farmers. First among them in non-preparedness of extension functionaries to climatic change. ...
... This includes practical advice on selecting climate-resilient crop varieties, implementing conservation agriculture techniques, and adopting water-saving practices. By equipping farmers with this knowledge, extension services enable them to make informed decisions that safeguard their livelihoods (Simpson and Burpee, 2014). Moreover, extension services play a pivotal role in fostering adaptive capacity within farming communities. ...
... They serve as a crucial link between experts, research institutions, and farmers, disseminating vital information on climate-resilient practices. RAS providers offer personalized advice tailored to local conditions, enabling farmers to implement effective strategies (Simpson and Burpee, 2014). Through capacity-building initiatives, they empower farmers with the skills needed to adopt climate-smart practices, ensuring long-term sustainability. ...
... (2019) prerogative alluded that climate-smart agricultural extension and advisory services have developed in many African nations (i.e., participants from the public, nonprofit, and commercial sectors who play a significant role in the agricultural value chain) (Simpson and Burpee, 2014). ...
The basic idea of climate-smart agriculture is that location-specific climate-smart technologies should be made available, and this is where agricultural extension and rural advisory services come into play. The creation of location-specific technologies requires input from the private sector. The private sector plays a huge role in facilitating innovation processes, the focus of extension must move from transferring knowledge, skills, and technology relevant to the production of crops, livestock, and forestry products, and resilience to climate change consequences. However, an effective system for extension provision is essential for the successful implementation of climate-smart agriculture projects. Implementing climate-smart agriculture is important and must be a top goal for all agricultural extension and advisory service providers. The government, particularly in developing nations, must acknowledge and encourage partnerships through incentives and establish a setting in which farmers can transact with the private sector. Changes in societal behaviour, business plans, and farming methods would be necessary for millions of farmers to implement climate-smart agriculture. In order to adopt climate-smart agriculture and comprehend its effects, farmers require assistance from public and private entities; so that, farmers are connected with resources for new knowledge and tools, and that's where the rural extension and advisory service is particularly important. This synthesis study highlights the successes and failures of privatized extension and advisory service delivery.
... among labour and economic constraints because of lower observabilityof climate resilient technologies in immediate future. This was in consonance with findings of Simpson and Burpee (2014) that the positive benefits of most NRM changes took time to manifest and was easily masked by seasonal stresses. Giller et al.(2009) stated the fact that, though sustainable land management activities increase productivity in the medium to long run through improved soil characteristics and water retentionbut in the short run, cultivation intensities and yields can decline. ...
... While technology and information dissemination are traditionally the extension worker's job, RAS providers face challenges in coming up with and disseminating climate-resilient technologies and practices. According to Simpson and Burpee (2014) determining what types of adaptive changes farmers need to make and when to make them, and ensuring that relevant technologies and modes of dissemination keep up with the need for ever-changing climate change adjustments are two key interrelated challenges for RAS providers. To find technical solutions for boosting agricultural productivity sustainably, rural advisors will need new capacities and skills and rural service providers will have to undergo institutional changes. ...
