Table 2 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Clustering is defined as geographic concentration of companies operating in the same sector as well as having a close buyer and seller relationship with other sectors in the region, using common technologies and sharing a specialized workforce pool that will be provide competitive edge. Specialized suppliers, service providers, universities and com...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of 2010 year-end, the number of sheep increased by 6,2 % in comparison to the previous year with a total of 11 369 800 whereas the number of goats increased by 22,7 %, up to 6 293 233 in total. As seen on Table 2, the most common animal milked in Turkey is sheep. Sheep is respectively followed by cattle and goat. ...
Similar publications
Citations
... Porter (2018) theory's founder understands a group of geographically adjacent interconnected companies and related organizations operating in a certain area, characterized by a common activity and complementary to each other. Yelkikalan (2018) argues that clusters are businesses, specialized vendors, service providers and other related institutions of a particular sector that are connected to each other and concentrated in a particular geographic region. Clusters have emerged because they increase productivity and competitiveness, and to benefit from government incentives and synergistic outcomes. ...
The development of a sports cluster is an important social task, the solution of which contributes not only to the balance of the local economy, but also to the involvement of the most progressive segments of the population in entrepreneurial activities, tending to a proper lifestyle and active leisure. The growth of entrepreneurial activity in this segment of the economy is determined by many factors, including the state policy for the development of sports and tourism. As a global industry, sport is a potentially significant contributor to climate change, both through carbon emissions and through its impact on sustainable development practices. The purpose of the study is to explore environmental factors influencing the development of the sports cluster in the Kazakhstan and further prospects for its development using forecasting and modelling methods. The environmental policy of the sports movement must be carried out within the broader framework of sustainable development. The environmental work of the sports movement is currently focused on the protection and management of resources and the natural environment in order to improve social and economic conditions. All this should be aimed at education on environmental issues and specific measures for its protection.
... En la misma dirección, el IICA (2003) planteó que las economías de aglomeración y consolidación de "clusters productivos" determinan la competitividad y la forma en que los territorios pueden captar beneficios de la misma. Yelkikalan et al. (2012) afirmaron que los clusters agrícolas son impulsores de la productividad en la industria alimentaria y esto, los reviste de un impacto global. ...
En el siguiente trabajo se revisó cómo se ha abordado el fenómeno del cluster en la agricultura debido a que el encadenamiento entre eslabones de la producción y los modelos de gestión de sistemas agrícolas son cada vez más importantes para el equilibrio de mercado de los productos agroalimentarios, principalmente en un entorno que impulsa el crecimiento acelerado en la demanda de alimentos, bienes industriales y biocombustibles. Para tal propósito se discutió la relación entre agricultura, desarrollo rural, cadenas agroalimentarias y clusters agrícolas. Luego se seleccionaron trabajos de investigación internacionales y latinoamericanos que se ocuparon de caracterizar, medir o diseñar estos sistemas, con el fin de identificar variables, tipos de enfoques, métodos de estudio y principales aportes a la mejora de su productividad y competitividad. Al final, se encontró que los estudios de caso ad hoc han sido los métodos más aplicados, seguidos de los análisis multivariados y las tablas inputs-outputs. Además, se pudo ver que el enfoque cuantitativo a través de la simulación matemática, apenas comienza a incluirse en el problema de diseño de clusters agrícolas y que la preocupación por este tema en Latinoamérica también es reciente.
The economic governance in the Eurozone and the EU is not the same after the crisis. The results of the financial crisis changed the EU’s way of thinking about addressing issues such as the public debt service, the banking system functioning, the ECB’s role and the depth of its intervention. When R. Mundell (1961) developed the theory of optimum currency areas the Eurozone was certainly not in his mind, while the same view is maintained by P. Krugman (2009) too. However, the EU financial and economic sector is entirely different today. After tens of EU bodies meetings there is now a number of new rescue mechanisms, institutions and regulations. But, are all these changes well enough to get the Eurozone out of the crisis? Certainly not, but they had never been given in the past as well. The “moral hazard” and the lack of a last resort lender did not finally work as the EU leaders thought. The Eurozone is the core of the EU and it is slowly evolved, step by step, from an economic to a political union. The EU has at its disposal the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) with a lending capacity of over half a billion euros, while there have been also other mechanisms like the EFSF and the EFSM, with the total sum of granted loans by these three mechanisms to date being amounted to over 350 billion euros. Additionally, the EU heads rapidly for a banking union through the establishment of new institutions like the Single Resolution Fund (SRF), the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM) and the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), which will supervise over 180 systemic banks in the Eurozone. Furthermore, the ECB used non-standard monetary policy mechanisms in order to support countries and banking institutions. The best known mechanism is the Quantitative Easing (QE) programme worth about one trillion euros. The new model of economic governance moves to a progressive direction, but the size of the instruments may not be enough for the EU to exit the crisis.
Pages 29 - 45
