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Number of Chinese students studying abroad and returned. Source: Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China.
Source publication
A growing group of Chinese students is returning to China following graduation, especially young returnees. This group is seen as one of the most innovative sectors of Chinese society. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and three kinds of capital theories, this study explores entrepreneurial intention (EI) and its influencing factors amo...
Citations
... Social support significantly influences personality traits (β = 0.258, P < 0.05). In addition, personality traits influence entrepreneurial intention significantly, thus confirming hypothesis 7. Mao and Ye (2021) revealed that social capital is directly tied to the individual. Huang et al. (2021) found that the accessibility of opportunities and financial support leads to real entrepreneurial behaviorthe more favorable the entrepreneurial environment perceived by college students, the likelier they are to obtain environmental resources and to improve their entrepreneurial Frontiers in Psychology frontiersin.org . ...
Introduction
The entrepreneurship rate of Chinese college students is relatively low. This study investigates the environment factors that influence college students' entrepreneurial intention as mediated by personality traits.
Methods
According to the entrepreneurial ecosystem theory, a hierarchical model of the environment factors was established which included three layers: personality traits as the micro system, family and education as the meso system, and social and policy support as the macro system. The structural equation model of the environment factors was constructed to reveal the significant influence path of various factors and the mediating role of personality traits. Data were collected from 436 undergraduate students in Henan Province, China.
Results
Findings indicate that family, education, social, and policy factors have no significant direct influence on entrepreneurial intention. However, personality traits significantly influence entrepreneurial intention and mediate the effects of various factors on entrepreneurial intention.
Discussion
Suggestions such as improving college students' entrepreneurial practice and promoting college students' proactive personalities are also put forward.
... Second, returnees, as an important subject of sustainable entrepreneurship, optimizing the policy attention distribution pattern in order to promote the entrepreneurship sustainability of this group is of great significance for their own livelihoods and local development and should be taken more seriously; however, studies on this issue are relatively scarce. Third, most existing studies provide an interpretation of local governments' policy on promoting sustainable entrepreneurship of returnees from the perspective of "what it should be" [37] and follow an "idealized" path [38]. This focuses on qualitative research from a logical reasoning standpoint yet lacks quantitative analysis of the reality of local government behaviors. ...
As an important livelihood strategy choice to promote the sustainable development of themselves and regions, returnees’ entrepreneurship has played a vital role in the governance of all-level Chinese local governments since the 21st century. The policy attention reflects the importance that the local governments attach to this issue, and the evolution process also reflects relevant policies’ internal rules and characteristics. Based on this, this paper, taking 242 policy texts related to returnees’ entrepreneurship issued by local governments from 2000 to 2021 as the research objects, uses grounded theory and social network analysis in order to explore the policy attention evolution from the aspects of time, space, specific policy domains and cooperative relationship among policy subjects. Finally, this research finds the main conclusions as follows: (1) The policy attention evolution on time dimension has the characteristic of synchronism, different levels and “reciprocal U”. (2) The policy attention evolution on space dimension is closely linked to “pull” and “push” forces of local population flow and has neighborhood effects. (3) The policy attention evolution on specific policy areas will gradually spread and diversify with the change in local governance environment and stage goals. (4) The evolution trend of collaborative social network among policy objects has the characteristic of “loose-central-loose”.
... Secondly, based on abundant sampling data, various analysis methods are adopted for in-depth research and a more convincing conclusion, thereby overcoming the common problems in the research of EI assessment in China, such as insufficient sample size and lack of persuasion. Thirdly, some suggestions are advanced to help the new entrepreneurs overcome the influence of cross-cultural adaptation to the entrepreneurial environment, thus encourage their EI and innovation ability in an adverse environment (Qian et al., 2018;Rogoza et al., 2018;Mao and Ye, 2021;Neslihan et al., 2021;Otache et al., 2021;Pérez et al., 2021;Racine, 2021). ...
In the context of economic slowdown and unemployment upsurge in China, many college graduates set their goals on entrepreneurship. To help more new entrepreneurs improve their innovation ability and entrepreneurial success rate, the synergy theory of entrepreneurial psychology and entrepreneurial ability in the entrepreneurial period was put forward from the perspective of cross-cultural adaptation. On the basis of positive psychology, the entrepreneur’s psychological quality and innovation ability were combined to help explore the entrepreneur’s inner psychology and innovation ability. The study first analyzed the current development status and characteristics of new entrepreneurs through the literature review method, and explored the relationship between cross-cultural adaptation and new ventures. Second, it examined the relationship among achievement incentives, knowledge level, and the role of communication and entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial intentions from the perspective of positive psychology. Finally, based on the influence relationship and personal experience, research hypotheses and models, the study verified the hypotheses by designing questionnaire surveys, and used the controlled variable method to conduct single-factor test analysis on influencing factors and perform a t-test on the data. The results show that the Cronbach’s α coefficient in the QS is 0.894, which has good reliability. According to the regression analysis results, achievement motivation (AM) can significantly affect entrepreneurial intention (EI) (β = 487, p < 0.05), knowledge level (KL) and EI (β = 316, p < 0.05), and the regression coefficient is greater than 0, but there is no significant effect of communicate effectiveness (CE) on EI (p = 0.109 > 0.05). In the control variables influence analysis, the level of education of new entrepreneurs was negatively correlated with AM. When the college students’ educational level improved, their EI decreased. It shows that AM can promote new entrepreneurs to pursue higher goals, and different level of education has a greater impact on entrepreneurs’ AM, which has a more significant impact on entrepreneurial intention. The results further prove that entrepreneurs’ psychological factors have a particular impact on the development of enterprises.
... As five of the six items in entrepreneurial intention have undergone significant changes after coming to study in Hungary, we consider that there is a great difference in entrepreneurial intentions of international students before and after coming to Hungary, and H1 is confirmed. Likewise, Mao and Ye [56]'s research on returned Chinese international students also shows that studying abroad has an essential influence on their entrepreneurial intention. This is because the existing international academic education experience can well overcome the obstacles to the formation of international entrepreneurial intention [42]. ...
With the global development of the regional mobility of education, Hungary has gradually become a priority country for overseas students to pursue tertiary education. Meanwhile, the experience of studying abroad can prepare international students to engage in international business and new entrepreneurial activities around the world. In this context, the research on the change of entrepreneurial intention brought about by studying abroad in Hungary deserves great concern and exploration. Given that, this paper contributes to finding out whether the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of international students has changed after coming to Hungary and what environmental factors would bring about changes in entrepreneurial intention before (EI-before) and after (EI-after) coming to Hungary. Here, the environmental factors tested include multiple network construction (MNC), overseas entrepreneurial perception (OEP) and multicultural cognition (MC). Additionally, an Exploratory Factor Analysis, Paired Samples t-Test and Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis were conducted to process data. The output reveals that after coming to study in Hungary, the entrepreneurial intention (EI-after) of international students has indeed been improved, whilst OEP and MC make a significant impact on the entrepreneurial intention to a similar degree under the control of demographic variables and EI-before.
Purpose
Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the purpose of this study is to provide a well-supported explanation of how rural college students (RCS)’ entrepreneurial learning experiences (ELE) affect their returning home entrepreneurial intention (RHEI) through the three antecedents of TPB (Personal attitudes, PA; Subjective norms, SN and Perceived behavioral control, PBC).
Design/methodology/approach
An extension of the TPB was proposed, including the additional constructs of entrepreneurial learning experiences(ELE). Data were collected from a sample of 986 rural college students from ten universities and colleges located in China using a survey questionnaire. SEM was used to test the hypotheses and the relationships between variables.
Findings
RCS’ ELE significantly and positively influences the formation of their RHEI through the mediating effect of PBC. In addition, the three antecedents of TPB have direct and significant impact on RHEI, and PA, PBC indirectly mediate the relation between SN and RHEI.
Practical implications
The results of this study have implications for entrepreneurship educators and policymakers by promoting RCS’ RHEI through optimize the content and methods of entrepreneurship education from the perspective of students learning, and strengthening publicity for rural entrepreneurship, increase support for returning home entrepreneurship.
Originality/value
The role of ELE in forming RCS' RHEI has been underestimated by previous studies. This study combines the push-pull theory with TPB to explore the formation mechanism of RCS’ RHEI, and helps to understand the role of ELE in shaping RHEI through the development of an extended TPB intention-based model.
This article contributes to the emerging field of research on collaborative governance in crises. It asks how social organisations see their contribution of skills and expertise to tackling a wicked problem such as the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, I interviewed representatives of ethnic Chinese organisations about their work and relationships with the local government in Manchester in 2020 and 2021. Ethnic Chinese organisations are an interesting group because they had early access to knowledge about the spread of the virus and its harmfulness. Collaboration with them could potentially have helped to contain the pandemic in the ethnic Chinese community in the city and beyond. Based on semi-structured interviews with representatives of ethnic Chinese organisations and applying the combined theoretical frameworks of social capital and collaborative governance theories, the study identifies five organisational types in terms of their involvement in collaborative governance efforts.
