Figure - available from: The Cryosphere
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Northern Europe and Finland with the Finnish rivers marked out. The squares from north to south are Tornio (Torne River), Pori (Kokemäki River) and Turku (Aura River). The map also shows the lakes connected to the Kokemäki River watershed area.
Source publication
At high latitudes, long-term changes in riverine ice break-ups are exemplary measures of climatic change and variation. This study compares cryophenological trends, patterns and changes for the rivers Aura (1749–2020), Torne (1693–2020) and Kokemäki (1793–2020); all sites are located in Finland. The Kokemäki River series is a new series from the ci...
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Citations
... In addition to instrumental measurements, documentary data can also provide precise climate information. Specifically, ice phenology (dates of freezing and thawing of rivers or harbours) and plant phenology (Norrgård & Helama, 2002) provide quantitative climate information over the past 300 years. ...
