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NICHES+ was a FP7 coordination action funded by DG Research. The project aimed at stimulating a wide debate on innovative urban transport and mobility between relevant stakeholders from different sectors and disciplines across the EU and accession countries, in order to promote the most promising new concepts, initiatives and projects from their cu...
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Nodes is a European Commission R&D project aiming to build a toolbox to support European cities in the design and operation of new or upgraded public transport interchanges. NODES seeks to find the most innovative approaches to key areas in this arena such as design, ICT, management models, energy and environment. The Madrid Transports Consortium (...
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... The niche theory has been developed beyond ecology and applied to many other disciplines, such as economics (Weil et al., 2014), sociology (Akbar et al., 2017), and management (Coles et al., 2018). Many derivative concepts have been proposed, such as urban niche (Cr e et al., 2012), industrial niche (Sushandoyo and Magnusson, 2014), building niche (Yang et al., 2015), development niche (Bui et al., 2016), and innovation niche (Pigford et al., 2018). The niche theory has become a robust theoretical analysis tool for complex systems. ...
Accurate capture and presentation of the interactive feedback relationships among various objectives in multi-objective reservoir operation is essential for maximizing operational benefits. In this study, the niche theory of ecology was innovatively applied to the field of reservoir operation, and a novel stateerelationship (SeR) measurement analysis method was developed for multi-objective reservoir operation. This method enables the study of interaction among multiple objectives. This method was used to investigate the relationship among the objectives of power generation, water supply, and ecological protection for cascade reservoir operation in the Wujiang River Basin in China. The results indicated that the ecological protection objective was the most competitive in acquiring and capturing resources like flow and water level, while the water supply objective was the weakest. Power generation competed most strongly with ecological protection and relatively weakly with water supply. These findings facilitate decision-making throughout the reservoir operation process in the region. The SeR method based on the niche theory is convenient, efficient, and intuitive, allowing for the quantification of feedback relationships among objectives without requiring the solution of the Pareto frontier of a multi-objective problem in advance. This method provides a novel and feasible idea for studying multi-objective interactions.
... The niche theory has been developed beyond ecology and applied to many other disciplines, such as economics (Weil et al., 2014), sociology (Akbar et al., 2017), and management (Coles et al., 2018). Many derivative concepts have been proposed, such as urban niche (Cr e et al., 2012), industrial niche (Sushandoyo and Magnusson, 2014), building niche (Yang et al., 2015), development niche (Bui et al., 2016), and innovation niche (Pigford et al., 2018). The niche theory has become a robust theoretical analysis tool for complex systems. ...
... In addition, more recently, an extensive study has been presented by the authors of [3] on several traffic and transportation agent-based applications. According to this study, some previous attempts at multi-agent applications in the urban transit sector date back to the 1990s. ...
Cities are currently facing many transport problems and deploying intelligent transport systems that play an important role in urban traffic management , especially public transport. With the evolution of public transport systems and the advanced technologies they use, there is a great transformation in public transport control systems. Transit system data is also highly dynamic and voluminous , hence the great need for intelligent control systems to better exploit this data and provide better performance. The contribution of this work is to model and implement an intelligent public transport system to detect and manage disturbances while respecting the constraints of the traffic situation. This system combines various measures of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) into a single performance value, covering several dimensions depending on the type of service quality to be guaranteed. Particular attention has been focused on the method used in the formulation of the multi-objecvtive optimization model and the determination of the weighting factors. Multi-agent modelling is adopted in the design of our system. The experiments represent real disturbances observed in public transport networks. The results explain how the resolution strategy of our model outperforms that of the real world.
... Europe's leading global performance in the patenting of mobility innovation was, Schade (2016) argued, a reflection of this regulatory and investment model. Cré et al. (2012) reported on a project that sought to stimulate a debate on urban mobility innovation across multi-sector stakeholders in a multi-national (European Union) context. Through this project's analysis of success factors and barriers of urban transport innovations, local stakeholders reported capability to better understand innovation in concept and implementation. ...
There is extensive theorisation and knowledge of innovation systems internationally; however, the application of this knowledge to urban transport issues is less developed. • Innovations are occurring in urban transport systems internationally across multiple domains, including technological advances as well as policy and institutional development. • Recent analysis highlights the role of the state in fostering transport innovations and the institutional context for innovation. • Passive and active responses to innovations in Australian urban transport systems are uneven and fragmented. • There are many opportunities for Australia's urban transport policy and the regulatory institutional environment to better respond to innovations, including through greater coordination around agreed national goals, institutional design for innovation, and greater effort to engender cross-sectoral innovation practices.
... Macroscopic simulation tries to model traffic in a general level and normally using aggregated traffic flows (Cré, Rupprecht, and Bührmann, 2012). These models describe traffic evaluation on time and spacing using series of differential equations. ...
An attractive transportation system which is also efficient has to include series of factors which are fast, repeatable, predictable and comfortable, simultaneously. In this paper, it has been tried to study one of transportation system problems related to vehicles’ traffic in Tehran specifically in one of the urban bottleneck in Resalat tunnel. The data of this study has been collected via Resalat tunnel’s cognitive system and it has been tried to compare situation before Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) construction and after it. At first, in order to give an appropriate solution, all data have been converted to distribution functions by fitness test and then three different scenarios helped improving the situation, each scenario has been run 18 times by Taguchi test. In conclusion, the BRT route construction made an improvement of 30%. In order to ensure about accuracy of subject, all steps of before and after construction have been made by simulation software and compared with the real world. Simulation software result shows that after BRT route construction, expected traffic volume in terms of waiting time improved by 30% and it makes urban transportation system efficient regarding vehicles traffic and transportation speed.
... The simple-minded strategy of building more motor ways in aim at solving the problem, on the contrary, often worsens it (Siu 2007). Many study results have shown that PRT can be effective in solving traffic problems in congested metropolitan areas (Cre et al. 2012;Carnegie and Hoffman 2007). And current technology seems quite sufficient to construct a PRT system and operate it economically; although a fully operational PRT system is still needed to verify commercial viability and gain public support (Carnegie and Hoffman 2007). ...
The Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) procedure was applied to the design of the lower chassis of a monorail personal rapid transit (MPRT) car. As part of the early-stage development effort, ESO was used to identify a good topology of the lower chassis structure, which is effective in material usage, with lowly-stressed material removed. The procedure started with building a three-dimensional finite element model of the topology that occupies the design envelop, and lowly stressed elements were removed step by step during the ESO procedure. Multiple load cases concerning acceleration, deceleration, left turn, and right turn were analyzed separately, and a simple procedure dealing with multiple load cases was adopted. After 14 calculation increments, 80 % of the initial material was removed. The resulting topology reveals a reasonable frame structure with rounded outer corners, triangular cantilever supports, and Michell style beam structures, suitable as a starting reference for the structure design of a MPRT.
Based on multidimensional niche theory, the paper tried to explore the function of cities and interaction relations among urban agglomerations, so that to provide a new perspective realizing the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Using the principal component analysis, urban ecological niche breadth model and urban ecological niche differentiation index model on 16 indicators for 10 cities in Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains (NSTM), ecological niche breadth and differentiation characteristics of the urban agglomeration were measured and calculated. The results are as follows.1) Comprehensive urban niche breadth of primate city is bigger than most cities in NSTM. The polarization is obvious.2) Comprehensive differentiation index of urban niche breadth shows an increasing tendency. The regional development elements gather in regional central city, moreover, the accumulative effect is even enhancing. 3) In general, the niche differentiation index of economy and public service, equitable development and population increasing rises apparently, however, the infrastructure status declines.
