Most common mental health treatment types. 316

Most common mental health treatment types. 316

Source publication
Preprint
Full-text available
Australia's headspace initiative is world-leading in nation-wide youth mental healthcare reform for young people aged 12 to 25 years, now with 16 years of implementation. This paper examines changes in the key outcomes of psychological distress, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life for young people accessing headspace centres across Austra...

Similar publications

Article
Full-text available
Digital financial tools in healthcare have the potential to significantly enhance cost transparency and patient autonomy, two critical factors in improving healthcare outcomes. This paper explores the role of digital financial tools, such as price transparency platforms, health savings account apps, and digital billing systems, in making healthcare...
Article
Full-text available
Background Hospitalisation resulting from complications of systemic therapy and radiotherapy places a substantial burden on the patient, society, and healthcare system. To formulate preventive strategies and enhance patient care, it is crucial to understand the connection between complications and the need for subsequent hospitalisation. This revie...
Article
Full-text available
Aim: The aim was to explore patients’, relatives’ and nurses’ experiences of palliative care on an advanced care ward in a nursing home setting after implementation of the Coordination Reform in Norway. Design: Secondary analysis of qualitative interviews. Methods: Data from interviews with 19 participants in a nursing home setting: severely ill...
Article
Full-text available
Objective To examine healthcare-seeking delays among immigrant patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), identifying key factors contributing to these delays and proposing evidence-based interventions for policy formulation and research. Design A retrospective observational study analysing healthcare-seeking behaviours and delay times among immi...
Article
Full-text available
The South African national department of the health system is piloting the National Health Insurance (NHI). This is in preparation for the overhaul of healthcare services so that they are efficient and equitable to all citizens immaterial of their socio-economic status. This article aims to evaluate healthcare providers' perceptions of improved ser...

Citations

... Current financing systems in healthcare must be adjusted accordingly. Additionally, accessible care could be provided by involving peer workers/ experts by experience, who can assist youth and caregivers in navigating and finding appropriate services and by lowthreshold facilities, such as the Dutch @ease that is based on the Australian Headspace centers (Leijdesdorff et al., 2020;Rickwood et al., 2022). Finally, consistent with other studies, the transition to adult care should be tailored to the youth's readiness, with transfer planning meetings and parallel care by all parties being essential in the transition (Hovish, Weaver, Islam, Paul, & Singh, 2012). ...
... In Australia's most recent study of mental health and well-being, almost half (46.6%) of female individuals aged 16 to 24 years and almost one-third (31.2%) of male individuals aged 16 to 24 years had experienced symptoms of a mental disorder in the past 12 months, which is far higher than any other age group, making youth mental health care an urgent priority [12]. A primary solution has been the funding of headspace, the National Youth Mental Health Foundation, which is mandated to establish youth-friendly, highly accessible centers that provide multidisciplinary enhanced primary care [13][14][15]. However, longitudinal and large cohort studies of youth accessing these services have found that only a small proportion experienced significant improvement in mental health or psychosocial functioning [16,17]. ...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Highly personalized care is substantially improved by technology platforms that assess and track patient outcomes. However, evidence regarding how to successfully implement technology in real-world mental health settings is limited. Objective: This study aimed to naturalistically monitor how a health information technology (HIT) platform was used within 2 real-world mental health service settings to gain practical insights into how HIT can be implemented and sustained to improve mental health service delivery. Methods: An HIT (The Innowell Platform) was naturally implemented in 2 youth mental health services in Sydney, Australia. Web-based surveys (n=19) and implementation logs were used to investigate staff attitudes toward technology before and after implementation. Descriptive statistics were used to track staff attitudes over time, whereas qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore implementation log data to gain practical insights into useful implementation strategies in real-world settings. Results: After the implementation, the staff were nearly 3 times more likely to agree that the HIT would improve care for their clients (3/12, 25% agreed before the implementation compared with 7/10, 70% after the implementation). Despite this, there was also an increase in the number of staff who disagreed that the HIT would improve care (from 1/12, 8% to 2/10, 20%). There was also decreased uncertainty (from 6/12, 50% to 3/10, 30%) about the willingness of the service to implement the technology for its intended purpose, with similar increases in the number of staff who agreed and disagreed with this statement. Staff were more likely to be uncertain about whether colleagues in my service are receptive to changes in clinical processes (not sure rose from 5/12, 42% to 7/10, 70%). They were also more likely to report that their service already provides the best mental health care (agreement rose from 7/12, 58% to 8/10, 80%). After the implementation, a greater proportion of participants reported that the HIT enabled shared or collaborative decision-making with young people (2/10, 20%, compared with 1/12, 8%), enabled clients to proactively work on their mental health care through digital technologies (3/10, 30%, compared with 2/12, 16%), and improved their response to suicidal risk (4/10, 40% compared with 3/12, 25%). Conclusions: This study raises important questions about why clinicians, who have the same training and support in using technology, develop more polarized opinions on its usefulness after implementation. It seems that the uptake of HIT is heavily influenced by a clinician's underlying beliefs and attitudes toward clinical practice in general as well as the role of technology, rather than their knowledge or the ease of use of the HIT in question.
... Australia has led the worldwide momentum on service reform, assisting young people experiencing mental illhealth, 9,13,14 including through the headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, which is associated with improved outcomes for young people seeking mental health care. 13,14 Orygen has provided a platform for youth-specific mental health services research, with partners including headspace National. ...
... Australia has led the worldwide momentum on service reform, assisting young people experiencing mental illhealth, 9,13,14 including through the headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, which is associated with improved outcomes for young people seeking mental health care. 13,14 Orygen has provided a platform for youth-specific mental health services research, with partners including headspace National. The overarching purpose of this research program is to better understand, and meet the care needs of, young people with mental illhealth. ...
Article
Objective: We describe a research program to advance youth mental health service research in Australia, addressing two core knowledge gaps: the lack of available routine outcome measures and lack of understanding of how to assess and monitor complexity and heterogeneity in illness presentation and trajectory. Conclusions: Our research identifies better routine outcome measures (ROM) that are: designed specifically for the developmental nuances of the 12-25-year age range; multidimensional; and meaningful to young people, their carers, and service providers. Alongside much-needed new measures of complexity and heterogeneity, these tools will inform service providers to better meet the needs of young people presenting with mental health problems.
... Of the other three, one had a follow-up rate of a similarly unrepresentative sample of 7.6%, 8 one was an unpublished non-peer-reviewed report from headspace's website (9.2% inclusion rate), 9 and the third a nonpeer-reviewed pre-print published after the final acceptance the Kisely & Looi paper and three weeks before it appeared. 10 Concerning the latter, changes in symptoms were only available in 50%, and follow-up in approximately 4% 10 ...
... As noted previously, the 58,233 participants in this non-peer-reviewed pre-print referred to the number of people at baseline. 10 There were two or more ratings and thus some measure of change on 26,010, less than half. Only 4% supplied data at 90-days follow-up 10 6. Misrepresentation of quote "For instance, in 2014, the National Mental Health Commission noted that the creation of headspace mental health centres was conducted without sufficient consultation, leading to "duplication of, and competition with, other community, private and state government services". ...
... 17 These proportions are reflected in the most recent evaluation of headspace where only 35.3% of attendees had a psychiatric diagnosis. 10 There was a similar proportion after excluding people with only one visit. ...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: Commentary on the debate concerning the effectiveness of headspace, including the most recent independent evaluation of its services. Conclusions: The available evaluations indicate that headspace does not deliver therapy of adequate duration that results in clinically significant improvement. Most evaluations have used either short-term process measures or uncontrolled satisfaction surveys, and where there have been data on outcomes using standardised instruments, findings have been disappointing. Costs are poorly quantified and probably underestimated. Even so, headspace as a primary care intervention costs twice as much as a mental health consultation by a general practitioner and, depending on the assumptions, may not be cost effective.
... Another program that focuses on adolescents is headspace (intentionally lowercase and not to be mistaken with the guided medication app, Headspace), which seeks to improve mental health outcomes through improved access to services among broad and diverse youth groups (ages 12 to 25) across Australia (73)(74)(75)(76). This model focuses on early intervention and addresses mental, physical, and sexual health as well as alcohol and drug services and work and study support. ...
... The program provides a myriad of services including in-person support via headspace centers, online/phone support, work and study support, parents and carer events, an early psychosis program, and support for professionals and educators. Since its launch in 2006, headspace has reached over 700,000 young people in Australia (75). One study examining the services provided within headspace centers found that many young individuals came for mental health issues, as well as situational problems such as bullying (73). ...
... By integrating within existing health systems, these programs avoided the need to establish the clinical infrastructure necessary for reaching and referring patients, thereby allowing the programs to launch and achieve sustainability more easily. Furthermore, having the government engaged as a key partner can mobilize funding support as well as enable access to frontline health workers employed within existing health systems, which is critical to ensuring sustainability (27,33,75). ...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction The mental health crisis has caused widespread suffering and has been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Marginalized groups are especially affected, with many concerns rooted in social determinants of mental health. To stem this tide of suffering, consideration of approaches outside the traditional biomedical model will be necessary. Drawing from task-sharing models of mental health care that have been pioneered in low-resource settings, community-initiated care (CIC) represents a potentially promising collection of approaches. This landscape analysis seeks to identify examples of CIC that have been implemented outside of the research context, with the aim of identifying barriers and facilitators of scale up. Methods A narrative review approach was used for this landscape analysis in which the PubMed database was searched and further supplemented with Google Scholar. Promising programs were then discussed over multiple rounds of meetings with the research team, consisting of collaborators with varied experiences in mental health. Using the selection criteria and feedback derived from group meetings, a final list of programs was identified and summarized according to common characteristics and features. Results The initial PubMed search yielded 16 results, supplemented by review of the first 100 entries in Google Scholar. Through 5 follow-up meetings among team members, consensus was reached on a final list of 9 programs, which were grouped into three categories based on similar themes and topics: (1) approaches for the delivery of psychosocial interventions; (2) public health and integrative approaches to mental health; and (3) approaches for addressing youth mental health. Key facilitators to scale up included the importance of sustainable financing and human resources, addressing social determinants and stigma, engaging diverse stakeholders, leveraging existing health infrastructure, using sustainable training models, ensuring cultural relevance and appropriateness, and leveraging digital technologies. Discussion This landscape analysis, though not an exhaustive summary of the literature, describes promising examples of efforts to scale up CIC outside of the research context. Going forward, it will be necessary to mobilize stakeholders at the community, health system, and government levels to effectively promote CIC.
Article
Introduction The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) is used to screen adolescents for mental disorders in Australian clinical practice; however, there are no Australian adolescent normative data. Methods Data were drawn from a nationally representative sample ( N = 2964) of Australian adolescents (11–17 years). This study had three aims: (1) to examine concurrent validity between the K10 and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional symptoms subscale, (2) to establish normative Australian adolescent K10 data and (3) to determine optimal K10 cut-off scores for screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) via receiver operator characteristic curve analysis and stratum-specific likelihood ratios. Results The K10 and SDQ emotional symptoms scales were moderately correlated ( r s = 0.63, p < 0.001). Older female adolescents reported higher total K10 scores compared with younger female adolescents (15–17 years: M = 20.2, standard error [SE] = 0.3; 11–14 years: M = 16.8, SE = 0.3) and male adolescents (11–14 years: M = 16.6, SE = 0.2; 15–17 years: M = 16.0, SE =0.2). K10 scores to optimally discriminate those with and without MDD varied by age and sex and had low specificities. Stratum-specific likelihood ratios indicated adolescents with a K10 score of ≥30 will have a 12.9 (95% confidence interval = [10.2, 16.2]) increased likelihood of MDD. Conclusion The K10 has utility for assessing psychological distress in health care and epidemiological research in Australian adolescents. Adolescents with K10 scores in the ‘very high’ range are at increased risk of MDD. Further assessment of these young people is indicated to identify those with or at risk of developing MDD.
Article
Full-text available
Most mental disorders have a typical onset between 12 and 25 years of age, highlighting the importance of this period for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of mental ill-health. This perspective addresses interactions between risk and protective factors and brain development as key pillars accounting for the emergence of psychopathology in youth. Moreover, we propose that novel approaches towards early diagnosis and interventions are required that reflect the evolution of emerging psychopathology, the importance of novel service models, and knowledge exchange between science and practitioners. Taken together, we propose a transformative early intervention paradigm for research and clinical care that could significantly enhance mental health in young people and initiate a shift towards the prevention of severe mental disorders.