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Numerous theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain the gap between the possession of environmental knowledge and environmental awareness, and displaying pro-environmental behavior. Although many hundreds of studies have been undertaken, no definitive explanation has yet been found. Our article describes a few of the most influential and...
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... Emotional involvement refers to the degree to which individuals feel emotionally connected (e.g. care and empathy) to the natural world, shaping their awareness and attitudes (Kollmuss & Agyeman, 2002). Chawla's study (1999) revealed that emotional connections are instrumental in shaping our beliefs, values, and attitudes towards the environment. ...
This study investigates the factors that influence travelers' intentions toward animal ethics in tourism, utilising innovative statistical techniques, namely GSCAM, necessary condition analysis (NCA), and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA). Through a stringent methodological approach, we tested the structural model, examined necessary and sufficient conditions, and elaborated on potential configurations resulting from the complex interactions of cognitive, affective, and normative antecedents that influence a traveler’s intention to support animal ethics in tourism. In doing so, the study contributes novel insights by identifying four types of predictors: 1) necessary and sufficient, 2) necessary but insufficient, 3) unnecessary but sufficient, and 4) unnecessary and insufficient variables. Our results demonstrate that emotional involvement (EI) and moral norms (MN) significantly affect intention toward animal ethics in tourism (INT). Ethical concern (EC) is necessary but not sufficient to induce INT, while moral norm is both necessary and sufficient for INT.
... Environmental Concern is an amalgamation of environmental knowledge, values, and attitudes, as well as emotional participation and concern for the environment [14]. Environmental Concern refers to a person's assessment of the influence of human conduct on the environment and their propensity to engage in pro-environmental behavior [15]. ...
... One aspect reflects the close connection between environmental knowledge and environmental behavior. According to previous studies, environmental knowledge is an important intermediary variable of environmental behavior and that people with higher levels of environmental knowledge usually adopt more positive environmental behaviors (Kollmuss & Agyeman, 2002). Hence, this paper uses the 10 environmental knowledge questions in the 2013 CGSS questionnaire as specific measurement indicators to analyze the environmental knowledge level of Chinese residents. ...
In the context of the severe environmental pollution, it is of significant academic and practical value to study the environmental protection behavior of individuals. This paper uses the ordinary least squares method (OLS) and utilizes the data of Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2013) and the air pollution monitoring data provided by Columbia University’s International Earth Science Information Network Center (CIESIN), the findings demonstrate a positive and significant impact of air pollution on environmentally friendly behavior. Furthermore, the stepwise regression method reveals that environmental knowledge is a crucial mediating variable in the relationship between air pollution and environmental behavior. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that age, income, gender, health status, and place of residence significantly impact environmentally friendly behavior. The results remain robust even after controlling for urban fixed effects. The implications of this research suggest that it is opportune to leverage adverse macro events such as regional environmental pollution to promote and enhance public environmental awareness and behaviors, especially for those who are susceptible to environmental pollution. This is crucial for promoting public environmental behaviors and ultimately building an environment-friendly society.
... A sense of responsibility towards the protected area is another aspect that can influence attitudes and contribute positively towards conservation, although it appears to be under-researched. People with a greater sense of responsibility are more likely to practice positive behavior towards the environment [54]. In the study by Angwenyi et al. [21], local people appreciated the value of nature and natural resources, knew that the reserves conserved biodiversity for future generations and knew that ecosystem goods and services resulted from this conservation and were important for humans and the environment. ...
Conservation planning models need to be more inclusive, considering both social and ecological dimensions in order to achieve sustainable conservation. To do this, stakeholders need to understand the communities that border protected areas, which involves insight into attitudes. This research therefore aimed to determine what influences the attitudes of local communities towards protected areas, culminating in a model. The research was conducted at three case study sites across South Africa, each involving a nature reserve and a proximate local community. Multiple qualitative methods were used to gather data from the local community and protected area staff around different aspects that influence attitudes. Following cross-case analysis, meta-themes were identified that formed the building blocks of the model and informed the accompanying practical recommendations regarding implementation thereof. The model outlines the centrality of relationships between local communities and park stakeholders, which are impacted by benefits, costs, facilitators and detractors. It also outlines how positive attitudes can be fostered through practical actions. As communities receive and perceive the benefits of living alongside wildlife, there is potential for positivity to improve while simultaneously achieving biodiversity conservation that is supported by the community. In line with adaptive management, users can test and adapt the model, continually aiming for conservation planning that is more community-based.
... Despite the fact that few studies have been conducted to assess the efficacy of these strategies (Xanthos and Walker, 2017), regulation of plastic bags has been viewed as an opportunity to raise public awareness and foster pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) (Jakovcevic et al., 2014). According to Kollmuss and Agyeman (2002), PEB is determined by several intrinsic (e. g. knowledge, attitudes, and feelings of responsibility) or extrinsic (e. g. laws and social and cultural circumstances) factors. Reduced use of SUPBs can be a decision made by consumers who actively engage in pro-environmental behavior and avoid SUPBs in their daily lives. ...
Plastic-derived products are now an essential commodity for a variety of applications. A massive amount of used plastic creates environmental hazards that endanger marine life, reduce soil fertility, and pollute ground water. Single-use plastics (SUPs) are a significant source of this pollution, though SUPs were introduced into society to make our lives easier, due to their low post-use value, they are found as litter in a variety of environments, from urban to rural and remote, natural environments. Management of this huge plastic waste is difficult, especially for developing countries like Bangladesh for having a lack of facilities, inadequate infrastructure development, and an insufficient budget. A set of sustainable plastic alternatives has been proposed, as well as recommendations that would emerge from the implementation of these strategies. The successful implementation of the alternative products proposed would improve the quality of plastic waste management. The purpose of this study is to provide direction for future research into the potential alternatives for SUPs pollution in surrounding ecosystems, and remediation strategies and this can be a first step toward eliminating SUPs to effectively protect the environment.
... The KAP theory holds that the shaping of individual behavior is a process that consists of three sub-processes, including knowledge or cognition (K), attitudes or beliefs (A), and practices or behaviors (P) (Wang et al. 2013). It proposes that the accumulation of specific knowledge leads to changes in attitudes, which mediate the relationship between knowledge and behaviors (Kollmuss and Agyeman 2002;Baranowski et al. 2003;Hiew et al. 2015). ...
... One explanation could be that the public does not usually associate the acceptance of compensation with pro-environmental values, which some researchers have argued to be background factors that are not useful for predicting behaviors (Ajzen 2005;Goh et al. 2017). Individual decisions and actions are shaped by many conflicting and competing factors (Kollmuss and Agyeman 2002), which could be another explanation. The majority of residents are unfamiliar with clean energy in this survey. ...
Provisions for compensation have been widely used to handle siting difficulties in many countries. However, neglecting the factors that influence the residents’ willingness to accept compensation (WTA) for the siting of clean energy facilities for the long term has led to the failure of compensation, which could potentially cause stalemates or even conflicts in projects. Given the representativeness of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in the siting of clean energy facilities, this study chose the siting of NPPs as a case study. Moreover, an extended knowledge–attitudes–practices (KAP) model was constructed to explore the key factors that affect the residents’ WTA since this model excels at understanding individual behaviors. The results show that the WTA is extremely low. Knowledge has positive effects on attitudes, which is also the most significant predictive factor of the WTA. More knowledge leads to lower pollution perceptions but results in higher safety perceptions and pro-environmental values. Perceptions of safety and pollution mediate the relationship between knowledge and the WTA, but the mediating effects of pro-environmental values are not significant. The negative effects of pollution perceptions are greater than the positive effects of safety perceptions of WTA. These results may serve as a basis to improve public evaluation to handle crises in other countries and regions.
... However, individuals who manifest environmentally responsible behavior can reduce the harmful impact and create a positive effect on the natural surroundings (Wang & Zhang, 2020; Barbaro and Pickett, 2016). Therefore, as suggested by Lin and Lee (2020), ERB plays a pivotal role in reducing environmental problems (Sivek & Hungerford, 1990) by minimizing impacts on the environment (Kollmuss & Agyeman, 2002), and improving environmental sustainability (Meijers & Stapel, 2011). Also, researchers report that tourists' ERB has been pointed out as the best indicator for sustainable tourism in destination management (Kafyri et al., 2012;Lin &Lee, 2020). ...
Volume 32, Issue I(150-176). The influence of socio-demographic factors on feelings of attachment, involvement, loyalty attitudes, and environmentally responsible behavior toward a cultural destination 150 TIJT, Volume 32(1): 150-176 Abstract: Tourist demand is very diverse and there are many alternatives for segmentation, with even basic demographic factors not only effectively discriminating in some markets but serving as a valuable starting point for creating market segmentation methods. Against this perspective, this study aims to provide a deeper analysis into whether and how socio-demographic factors, in terms of nationality, age, gender, and education explain tourists' place attachment, in terms of place dependence, place identity, and sense of belonging, both online and onsite activity involvement, recommendation and revisit intentions, and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) toward a cultural Italian destination. Data were collected from 384 tourists participating in a cultural heritage tourism experience. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and reported, and a series of ANOVAs were performed using SPSS to analyze possible differences among nationality, age, gender, and education, regarding the variables of interest. According to the literature, factors that may affect tourists' Volume 32, Issue I(150-176). The influence of socio-demographic factors on feelings of attachment, involvement, loyalty attitudes, and environmentally responsible behavior toward a cultural destination 151 perceptions include socio-demographic data. However, current research on cultural tourism lacks an in-depth investigation of the relationships between various socio-demographic factors and tourists' perceptions and behavior. While studies have looked at how these elements affect marketing in general, more data is still required to forecast cultural visitors' feelings of attachment, involvement, intention, and environmental behavior toward a cultural destination. Results highlight that tourists of an Italian cultural destination have varying levels of education, age, and gender, and are partly represented by foreign visitors. Findings mainly confirm that the variables of interest can be influenced by the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists, with a major impact coming from nationality, age, and education. Moreover, they showed that the main differences were recorded for place identity, sense of belonging, onsite and online activity involvement, revisit intention, and responsible behavior, with only nationality and age respectively affecting place identity and recommendation intention.
... Littering is a negative environmental behavior that is very difficult to understand [25]. The intricacies of littering encompass a spectrum of influences, encompassing external aspects such as cleanliness levels, bin availability, and distribution [1,3,26], alongside personal determinants spanning sociodemographic and psychological dimensions [2,[27][28][29]. ...
The detrimental impact of visitor-induced litter pollution on ecosystems, wildlife, and overall quality of life emphasizes the urgency of mitigating it. This study uniquely focuses on diverse visitors’ perceptions of littering behavior in open spaces, facilitating comprehensive assessment and targeted mitigation strategies. This study aimed to analyze attitudes, willingness to act, and responsibility perceptions, considering diverse demographics in Israel’s multicultural context. It sought insights into littering rationales, potential remedies, and the identification of relatively acceptable littering behaviors for focused attention. This profound comprehension is crucial for conserving ecologically sensitive open areas, necessitating optimized management for interface preservation. Leveraging insights from an online survey involving 401 recent open-space visitors, this research reveals a disparity between self-professed and actual littering practices. Intriguingly, 32% of participants who claimed never to litter described instances of doing so. Furthermore, disparities emerged between anti-litter attitudes, willingness to act, and individual accountability, which were influenced by demographic variables. While individuals from various demographic cohorts attested to littering behavior, young ultra-Orthodox Jews possessing solely a high school level of education exhibited a proclivity for increased littering. Perceptions predominantly attribute purposeful and recreational motives to littering, rather than substantial reasons. Participants conceive a diverse range of effective strategies to address the issue, highlighting its intricate and multifaceted nature. Consequently, this study advocates for a multifaceted approach combining enhanced enforcement, educational campaigns, informative initiatives, and infrastructural enhancements. By acknowledging the complexities of littering behavior and embracing multifarious interventions, policymakers can enhance the likelihood of successfully curbing this pervasive challenge.
... Consequently, previous research primarily focused on surveys that examined specific contexts of EV purchase by consumers [13,14] or the consumer characteristics associated with EV buying [15][16][17]. However, consumers in emerging markets mainly those interested in green innovation products often exhibit an "attitude-action gap" [18]. There is a substantial gap between consumers' "intent to purchase" and actual buying behaviours, despite the fact that they may be inclined to buy environmentally friendly items owing to financial or environmental advantages. ...
The research aims to identify the key drivers and barriers to EV adoption, inform policymakers and guide future research in the Philippines. The study used a descriptive survey method with 150 Metro Manila car dealership customers as respondents. The research findings indicate that single-family homeowners are willing to invest in EVs if charging infrastructure is available at home. EV safety, dependability, power, performance, design and availability are crucial for increasing EV adoption. Awareness and incentives were identified as hindrances to adoption. The research suggests that technical fixes and policy tools are needed to promote EV adoption and knowledge sharing is necessary to raise customer awareness. A neural network model was created to determine the willingness to purchase an EV. The findings have implications for policymakers, EV manufacturers and stakeholders interested in understanding barriers to EV adoption. The research highlights the importance of safety, reliability and environmental benefits in joint household purchase decisions. The study identifies economic, technological, policy, infrastructure and social barriers to EV adoption and suggests the need for targeted initiatives and information dissemination to overcome these barriers. The report acknowledges limitations and offers avenues for future research to explore additional factors and variables influencing EV adoption.
... Behavioural design in public policy is a global trend with strong standing in healthcare (Adhanom Ghebreyesus, 2021), where policy makers would consider cognitive as well as contextual barriers and enablers (e.g., habits, emotions, social norms, the behaviour of peer groups) when trying to make behaviour change interventions as effective as possible (Dolan et al., 2012;Michie et al., 2011;Vlaev et al., 2016). The approach moves away from naïve assumptions that more information, training, restrictions or incentives automatically create desired behaviour change (Kollmuss & Agyeman, 2002;Webb & Sheeran, 2006), and the broad field of behavioural sciences is in principle open to considering the role of context such as poverty or social marginalisation in shaping the decisions that people could possibly make (Michie et al., 2011;Sheehy-Skeffington & Rea, 2017). However, the actual practice of behavioural design continues to foreground individualised models of action that struggle with accommodating the historical, political and contextual drivers of seemingly problematic health behaviour (Crosman et al., 2022;Ewert, 2019;Pendleton et al., 2019). ...
Attaining Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3: Health and Well‐Being) faces a dual challenge of diminishing returns of established intervention designs, and a threat to future gains from complex inter‐connected global health challenges like antimicrobial resistance and global biodiversity loss. The growing movement of context‐sensitive approaches could help realise yet untapped potential for intervention designs, but contemporary global health policy and research still remain dominated by a model of individual market style choices. This paper therefore aims to support the development of global health planning processes that are more grounded and integrative across the SDGs. Reiterating calls for disruptive policy change is unlikely to impact the modus operandi of global health policy and research. This paper therefore builds on a logic that already finds widespread and intuitive application in their underlying planning processes: ‘the market’. However, it challenges the dominant supply‐and‐demand approach to healthcare markets and redefines them from a strategic marketing perspective. Translated to the interface of populations and health systems, the strategic market is a site for solving problems that are defined by people with multidimensional health needs. This framework offers four guiding questions to define the strategic market and six premises as a simple intellectual starting point and checklist for more grounded and inter‐sectorial action across the SDGs. The analysis of data from one of the largest behavioural survey data sets, covering 6683 villagers across China, India, Lao PDR and Thailand, demonstrates the relevance of the premises empirically.
