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Microfotografía de la pared anterior-lateral del ojo humano. La flecha muestra el canal esclero-corneal de drenaje, revestido de un endotelio delgado. Tinción Argéntica, 40x.
Source publication
SARS CoV-2, the causal agent of the Covid- 19 disease, infects the digestive and respiratory mucosa, affecting epithelial cells. The virus enters through the ACE2 membrane receptor causing the disruption of cell homeostasis. Frequent reports indicate the presence of ocular conjunctivitis in patients diagnosed with Covid-19, which has alerted scient...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... actuar como potencial receptor de la infección viral (Fig.1). Histológicamente la cór-nea se continúa con la esclerótica y entre ambas estructuras se forma el conducto esclerocorneal revestido por un delgado endotelio y que drena los fluidos de las cámaras del ojo, que también sería potencial lugar de inflamación en los procesos de conjuntivitis (Fig. 2). Un estudio realizado por Loffredo et al. (2020), informan que la conjuntivitis también llamada "ojo rosa", es una enfermedad frecuente de etiología bacteriana y viral y se ha descrito asociada a infección por coronavirus, provocando inflamación y vasculitis. Zhang et al. (2020) sugieren que el nuevo coronavirus puede infectar y ...
Context 2
... et al. (2020), en estudios en hospitales italianos, plantean que la afectación ocular viral, podría ocurrir al comienzo de la infección Covid-19 y que el virus puede replicarse en la conjuntiva y representar una fuente potencial de infectividad. La fisiopatología exacta de la transmisión ocular del virus sigue sin comprenderse por completo, aunque existe evidencia que el SARS-CoV-2 se detecta en las secreciones oculares por lo tanto vale la pena considerar el tropismo ocular del virus y su potencial para causar enfermedad ocular localizada (Ho et al, 2020). Gegúndez-Fernández et al. (2020) y Rousseau et al. (2020) en conjunto con las Sociedades Españolas y Francesas de Oftalmología promueven la adopción de medidas de acción y protección para la atención oftalmológica en consultas externas, áreas quirúrgicas y hospitalización, para pacientes COVID-19.La información obtenida de estudios en China y Europa muestra que la edad avanzada, género masculino, ser portador de enfermedades crónicas (cardiovascular, respiratoria, diabetes, cáncer), tabaquismo e inmunosupresión son factores de peor pronóstico. ...
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Introduction and objectives:
Although the ophthalmic manifestations appear to be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is not enough evidence. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the various types and frequency of ophthalmic manifestations in patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico.
Material and methods:
This retrospective, observational and descriptive study included all patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection attending the tertiary level hospital of Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) from June 2020 to June 2022. During the hospital admission of patients, the demographic data such age, name, gender was recorded. Ophthalmologic examination was performed under torchlight by an ophthalmologist in the Department of Ophthalmology from IMSS. Data was compiled and statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test and Spearman correlation.
Results:
A total of 3,081 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were recorded, of which 318 (10.32%) met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 21 (6.60%) had ophthalmic manifestations and the female-to-male ratio was 1.6:1. The mean age (±SD) was 47.95 ± 15.27 years and the median (interquartile range) time from the diagnosis of COVID-19, as defined by positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, to detection of the ophthalmic manifestation was 31 (142) days. The most common ocular manifestation was orbital mucormycosis (23.80%). Interestingly, the presence of ophthalmic manifestations was not associated with severe COVID-19 (p = 0.665).
Conclusions:
The ophthalmic manifestations are infrequent in patients recovered from severe COVID-19. Nevertheless, further large sample studies are needed to confirm these findings.
