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Fifth generation (5G) mobile networks can accomplish enhanced communication capabilities and desired to connect things in addition to people. By means of optimally splitting the spectrum to integrate more efficient segments, mobile operators can deliver better Quality of Services (QoS) for Internet of Things (IoT), even the nowadays so-called metav...
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Context 1
... Taiwan, there are five mobile operators: CHT, TWM, FET, TSTAR, and APTG. After the information announced by the NCC regarding the market share in the 3rd quarter of 2017 (Table 4), we calculated the number of consumers that each operator ought to serve, as shown in Table 4 [79]. Thereafter, the ARPU was calculated for each operator and transformed into that of 2020. ...Context 2
... Taiwan, there are five mobile operators: CHT, TWM, FET, TSTAR, and APTG. After the information announced by the NCC regarding the market share in the 3rd quarter of 2017 (Table 4), we calculated the number of consumers that each operator ought to serve, as shown in Table 4 [79]. Thereafter, the ARPU was calculated for each operator and transformed into that of 2020. ...Context 3
... the benefit of the operators, Company A wins highest amounts of segments and quality score and obtains the highest quality score per cost but lower quality score than Companies B and C. Company C wins the best combination of segments with one contiguous spectrum in 800 MHz with the highest quality to costs ratio. The result does not match the situation of market share (Table 4); however, the consequence is that Company C has the highest APRU (Table 5), that is, higher revenue from its customers so that it is in the best position in the bidding. Companies D and E fall into the worst situation in which they can only obtain one segment in 3600 MHz that leads to the highest cost of equipment construction and the worst QoS with regard to penetration rate. ...Citations
... The addition of options for customizing setting, such as progress tracking and interest tag recommendation, can help meet students' diverse needs. By taking advantage of the big data analysis of 5G technology, students' learning behaviors and preferences can be analyzed, providing more data support for the ongoing optimization of both platform functionality and instructional design (Chiang et al., 2021). ...
The global demand for wireless communication networks is a result of the widespread use of wireless devices and the related surge of wireless service providers. Data transmission speed, coverage areas, cost-effectiveness, resource utilization, security, scalability, and adaptability are all elements expected to be improved in future 5G wireless networks. Since this rapid development of network communication technology affects the delivery of English education in tertiary contexts, English teachers in colleges and universities should make use of network resources—especially the communication tools embedded in the 5G network. File transfer protocol can utilize the advanced artificial bee colony optimization algorithm (AABCOA) to realize classification, and the system proposed in this article is simulated and tested in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). The research results indicate that students are unsatisfied with traditional methods of English pedagogy in higher education and are keen to explore the new learning possibilities provided by 5G integrated wireless network technology.
... Technical analysis uses various charting instruments like Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), Stochastic Oscillator, moving average (MA), and Bollinger Bands to determine the strength or weakness of a security [1,2]. Given the notable parallels to Statistical Process Control (SPC), a quality control approach developed by Steward and promoted by Deming [25], the application of Bollinger Bands in SE models for stock investment is proposed. This recommendation is based on the methodological congruence between Bollinger Bands and SPC, particularly in their approach to data analysis and trend monitoring within the scope of managing investments in the stock market. ...
... The F1 Score, derived as 2TP/ (2TP + FP + FN), is the harmonic mean of precision and recall, ranging from 0.0 (worst) to 1.0 (best). It is especially useful in scenarios where both recall and precision are crucial; (4) Return on Investment (ROI): ROI quantifies the efficiency of an investment, calculating the proportionate return relative to the investment cost [25]. In predictive modeling, ROI helps assess the financial benefit yielded by models like Bollinger Bands. ...
Technical analysis, reliant on statistics and charting tools, is a predominant method for predicting stock prices. However, given the impact of the joint effect of stock price and trading volume, analyses focusing solely on single factors at isolated time points often yield partial or inaccurate results. This study introduces the application of Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) alongside Deep Learning (DL) models, such as Residual Neural Network (ResNet) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), to assess the joint effects of stock price and trading volume on prediction accuracy. By incorporating these models into system engineering (SE), the research aims to decode short-term stock market trends and improve investment decisions through the integration of predicted stock prices with Bollinger Bands. Thereby, active learning (AL) is employed to avoid over-and under-fitting and find the hyperparameters for the overall system model. Focusing on TSMC’s stock price prediction, the use of CycleGAN for analyzing 30-day stock data showcases the capability of ResNet and LSTM models in achieving high accuracy and F-1 scores for a five-day prediction period. Further analysis reveals that combining DL predictions with SE principles leads to more precise short-term forecasts. Additionally, integrating these predictions with Bollinger Bands demonstrates a decrease in trading frequency and a significant 30% increase in average Return on Investment (ROI). This innovative approach marks a first in the field of stock market prediction, offering a comprehensive framework for enhancing predictive accuracy and investment outcomes.
... As social interactions and economic interactions become more intertwined, new communal and Zborník vedeckých prác z projektu "Implementačný rámec a business model internetu vecí v inteligentnom priemysle a doprave" collaborative forms of value production emerge (Gyimothy et al., 2020). Chiang et al. (2022) examined the issue of maximizing 5G spectrum allocation and auctions from an inclusive sharing economy approach to enhance QoS for IoT. The tourism sharing economy is characterized by three-way transactions, despite the fact that bilateral relationships are frequently observed in traditional marketplaces. ...
The spread of various sharing activities, driven by modern market forces and the development of information and communication technology, has sparked the emergence of a new economic model known as the "sharing economy." The aim of the publication is to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the sharing economy. To fulfil the goal, six research questions were set, which were answered for the whole world as well as the V4 countries. The data were obtained from the WoS scientific database and were subsequently processed using the VOSviewer program, MS Excel and its extension Power-user. It is possible to state that the shared economy is still an actual topic for scientists from all over the world, or the V4 countries. The most researched issues are China or the USA, and from the V4 countries, it is Poland. The research area from which the most frequent publications originate is business economics, which applies to both researched areas. The most used keywords are shared economy, collaborative consumption, sustainability, innovation, etc. The added value of this publication is the performance of a comprehensive bibliometric analysis based on data from WoS publications from around the world and, at the same time, from the V4 countries.
... The mid-bands (between 1 and 6 GHz) have wider bandwidths and are basically used for mobile broadband applications and high frequency bands above 24 GHz (mm Waves) support ultra-wideband applications [3]. By efficient spectrum allocation, 5G networks can support better Quality of service (QoS) for IOT and provide better broadband communication even for metaverse networks [4]. ...
In this paper, a low profile and highly selective microstrip band pass filter is proposed and designed for 5G mid band frequency applications which supports commercial 5G networks. In this filter design, a set of square loop ring resonators are in conjunction with the T shaped feed lines in the outer resonator. The overall filter size is miniaturized, covering about of 13 × 13 × 1.6 mm³ with the usage of FR4 substrate in design process. The designed filter is simulated by method of moment based electromagnetic simulator IE3D. The filter projected an insertion loss of about −0.1 dB and return loss of–27 dB with a bandwidth of about 400 MHz which is liable to be a wide band spectrum for frequency range of 3.4–3.8 GHz with a centre frequency of 3.6 GHz indicating a quality factor of 9. The designed filter is fabricated and tested using Network analyser. The measured results validated good response with the simulated filter design.
... The Internet of Things, linking physical devices to the digital world, seamlessly integrates with the Metaverse [138][139][140]. This interconnectedness enhances efficiency, resource management, and sustainability, aligning with various SDGs [141][142][143]. ...
The Metaverse, an immersive virtual reality realm where users engage with computer-generated environments, is swiftly emerging as a transformative platform poised to address and propel Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research delves into the intersections between the Metaverse and SDGs, shedding light on how this cutting-edge technology can be harnessed to propel sustainable development across diverse sectors. Commencing with a comprehensive overview, the paper details the evolution, key components, and immersive capabilities of the Metaverse. Underscoring its dynamic and interactive essence, the research emphasizes the potential of the Metaverse to revolutionize conventional approaches to education, healthcare, environmental conservation, and economic empowerment. A thorough analysis unveils the Metaverse's role in democratizing education by transcending geographical boundaries and providing inclusive learning environments. The immersive nature of the Metaverse facilitates experiential learning, enhancing education accessibility, and fostering global collaboration to fulfill SDG 4 (Quality Education). Additionally, the paper explores how the Metaverse can contribute to healthcare solutions through virtual medical consultations, training healthcare professionals, and simulating medical scenarios. This innovative approach holds the potential to address healthcare disparities, advance SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), and improve overall public health. Environmental sustainability takes center stage as the Metaverse serves as a platform for raising awareness about climate change, promoting sustainable practices, and simulating eco-friendly solutions. This aligns with SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 15 (Life on Land), emphasizing the Metaverse's capacity to inspire real-world environmental stewardship. Economic empowerment is addressed through discussions on virtual economies within the Metaverse, highlighting opportunities for entrepreneurship, job creation, and financial inclusion. This exploration corresponds to SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality).
Keywords: Metaverse, Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs, Sustainable development, Virtual reality, Sustainability, Blockchain, Augmented reality.
... As a result, the metaverse connects the real and digital worlds, allowing people and things to work together more naturally in complicated circumstances. As a 3D interface for IoT, the metaverse will render the real and digital indistinguishable, enhancing our human ability to make better-informed judgments [381]- [389]. ...
... Complex virtual simulation will enable us to run multiple long-term planning scenarios and decide the best designs for our energy, transportation, and healthcare systems, as well as to dynamically operate these techniques as the real-world evolves. The metaverse, enabled by AR and IoT, will set an altogether new standard for work and collaboration, allowing organizations to function at far higher speed and scale [381]- [389]. ...
... Empowering Virtual Humans to better interact with us and offer us quality based services is the ultimate goal of Metaverse. It is the ultimate goal to empower our capacity to learn, to get help if we have disabilities, to prepare us in advance for unexpected events and enable us to answer the question "what will happen if" [381]- [389]. ...
The internet of things (IoT) is rapidly expanding and improving operations in a wide range of real-world applications, from consumer IoT and enterprise IoT to manufacturing and industrial IoT (IIoT). Consumer markets, wearable devices, healthcare, smart buildings, agriculture, and smart cities are just a few examples. This paper discusses the current state of the IoT ecosystem, its primary applications and benefits, important architectural stages, some of the problems and challenges it faces, and its future. This paper explains how an appropriate IoT architecture that saves data, analyzes it, and recommends corrective action improves the process’s ground reality. The IoT system architecture is divided into three layers: device, gateway, and platform. This then cascades into the four stages of the IoT architectural layout: sensors and actuators; gateways and data acquisition systems; edge IT data processing; and datacenter and cloud, which use high-end apps to collect data, evaluate it, process it, and provide remedial solutions. This elegant combination provides excellent value in automatic action. In the future, IoT will continue to serve as the foundation for many technologies. Machine learning will become more popular in the coming years as IoT networks take center stage in a variety of industries.
... The complex lighting and particle effects in the game make the CPU and GPU in the SoC take a lot of pressure; at this time, the modem in the phone can't be idle and needs to coordinate the network to cope with transferring the various data that occur in the game. Such comprehensive needs have led more cell phone manufacturers to start launching products that emphasize cell phone performance and networking capabilities (Chiang et al., 2021). ...
Due to the popularity and advancement of 4G/5G networks, mobile games have already currently become profitable tools for major internet platforms. These games are even refined to cover almost all age groups of the population rather than the young people. Yet in the perception of the public, mobile games have always seemed to be associated with various derogatory terms such as interfering with learning, addiction, and violence. K12 students usually have less self-control capability, and they are undoubtedly the biggest advocates of mobile games. This paper summarizes the technological development of mobile games from the aspects of hardware and software in chronological order. The psychological and social problems that mobile games have brought to K12 students are analyzed from a neutral perspective. At the end of the paper, the future development of educational games and current limitations of mobile games are also given for the explorations of future trends of game-based education. This position paper aims to provide the insight of what psychosocial impacts that the current mobile games have on the student, and it may also serve as a reference for the how the game-based education has been developing according to the mobile technology wise.
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to systematically identify and analyze the key factors influencing Metaverse adoption within the supply chains of small enterprises. It aims to employ the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework to methodically assess the technological, organizational and environmental factors impacting adoption. Additionally, the paper seeks to unravel the interconnectedness between enablers and barriers to provide insights that can inform strategies for enhancing Metaverse adoption among small-scale enterprises.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is a structured literature review to reveal major influencing factors for the adoption of the Metaverse. In terms of the theoretical background, this study bases itself on the TOE framework and employs common factor analysis (CFA) to both establish barriers and enablers toward its adoption. Using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) the paper uncover interrelation complexities between variables. Further richness to such insights was attained with the help of interviews carried out with service providers who have been dealing in Metaverse, giving further clarity regarding the variables adopted that pertain to micro and small enterprises.
Findings
The study identifies important enablers, such as virtual and augmented reality in addition to important barriers, such as technological challenges in adopting the Metaverse in the context of small business supply chains. These factors have been explored with the help of the complex interconnections revealed using ISM within the framework of TOE and CFA. This therefore puts a great deal of managerial relevance in terms of organizational support and technological investment to enable integration and provide strategic insights towards this transformative technology in managing the supply chain and similar disciplines.
Originality/value
This paper demonstrates innovation through the proper application of the TOE framework and CFA of Metaverse adoption within supply chains of small enterprises to classify and analyze the salient enablers as well as barriers. The above contribution offers a fresh and new perspective on the complex sets of factors that influence the Metaverse adoption decision, coupled with the depth added by an application of ISM to the intricate relationships among them. Noting the sample size, this study is rich to the field by providing valuable insight into Metaverse adoption. The findings greatly contribute to future research work and guide practical applications for new emerging areas like supply chain management.
Technological advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) have transformed traditional Consumer Electronics (CE) into next-generation devices with enhanced connectivity and intelligence. This networked connectivity among sensors, actuators, appliances, and other consumer devices improves data availability and enables automatic control within the CE network. However, the diversity, decentralization, and proliferation of CE devices have exponentially increased data traffic. Additionally, traditional static network infrastructure approaches require manual configuration and exclusive management of these devices. Our research introduces a new way to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) in Consumer Electronics. The proposed work uses advanced technologies like Hopfield Networks for managing resources in real-time, Split Learning for secure distributed learning, and Enhanced Split Hyena Optimized Routing for faster data transfer. Hopfield Networks help allocate resources on the fly, resulting in better speed, efficiency, and less power usage. While Split Learning (SL) has been suggested for training models with limited resources, it is not widely used in decentralized and resource-limited IoT devices. Our proposed approach tackles the challenges in CE using Hopfield Networks, Split Learning, and Enhanced Split Hyena Optimized Routing. Our method achieves an impressive 95% success rate in delivering data, showing that it’s effective for reliable and efficient IoT communication.
The development of the metaverse presents novel ethical challenges to society. There is a lack of knowledge of the potential metaverse and its effects on society. In this paper, several ethical challenges of the future metaverse are discussed to responsibly prepare for the metaverse. A systematic literature review was conducted that showed the void of literature, meta-information of the state of the field, and level of maturity of the research. After defining the metaverse concept and reviewing its constructs, we present an overview of ethical challenges for the metaverse which ask for governance awareness and responsible action in the future. These ethical challenges have been clustered in the following pairs: Privacy & Freedom, Duplicate & False identities, Abuse & Manipulation, Trade & Ownership, Censorship & Surveillance, Democracy & Participation, and Regulation & Control. Related to these pairs we also show some potential governance topics as a research agenda for the metaverse.
