Figure 1 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
![Map of the Amazon River basin (Adapted from [9]).](publication/317107737/figure/fig1/AS:498053238845440@1495756553670/Map-of-the-Amazon-River-basin-Adapted-from-9.png)
Source publication
![Figure 1. Map of the Amazon River basin (Adapted from [9]).](publication/317107737/figure/fig1/AS:498053238845440@1495756553670/Map-of-the-Amazon-River-basin-Adapted-from-9_Q320.jpg)
The present study addresses the issue of shared management of transboundary water resources, using the Amazon river basin as a case study. To evaluate risks, two scenarios (current and future) were
simulated using the methodology proposed by the Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme River Basins. The results obtained allowed the inference that...
Similar publications
Citations
... A large literature focuses on individual cases and provides valuable insights into how water stress may lead to cooperative or conflictive outcomes, for example, via differences in how international negotiations and river management institutions are designed [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] . The main limitation of this research is that cooperation and conflict are empirically identified and measured differently, and explanations of particular outcomes are case-specific and based mostly on qualitative interpretation of evidence. ...
Unsustainable use of freshwater resources worldwide creates enormous challenges for human societies populating these natural systems, and these challenges are likely to grow with climate change. Will societies respond with increased cooperation to manage freshwater resources more sustainably or will there be more conflict over this scarce but vital resource? This review of research on conflict and cooperation over transboundary freshwater resources shows that, thus far, the prevailing response is cooperation, albeit non-violent conflict is quite frequent, too. It also documents substantial progress in understanding the drivers of water-related cooperation and conflict. Key knowledge gaps remain, particularly with respect to transboundary water conflict and cooperation in the past 10 to 15 years and in terms of local water-related events. The key prerequisite for filling these gaps is that the research community engages in a joint effort to address persistent shortcomings in existing event datasets on water cooperation and conflict. A literature review on transboundary freshwater cooperation and conflict finds the former prevails, followed by non-violent conflict. Despite greater understanding of drivers, analysis of recent events and better datasets are needed.
It has long been assumed that the world's oceans are homogeneous in δ234U, even on a sub-‰ scale, however this has not been comprehensively investigated outside of the North Pacific using modern high-precision MC-ICP-MS. In this study, the δ234U of water samples from across the Mediterranean Sea, Amazon Estuary, and North Atlantic is presented to show that the oceanic uranium system is much more variable and dynamic than previously believed and variable on a ‰-scale. Mediterranean water masses are elevated in δ234U compared to the Atlantic by ~1-2‰, allowing for the estimation of the δ234U of riverine and groundwater inputs to the basin. Analysis within the Amazon Estuary shows that there are significant geographical differences in the non-conservative behavior of U, and that the Amazon has little to no effect on the δ234U of the nearby Atlantic. The upper Atlantic is on average 1‰ lower in δ234U than the deep Atlantic, indicating that oceanic δ234U is not in steady-state but rather decreasing. Results point towards the offset seen in the upper Atlantic possibly being the result of inputs from the Indian Ocean (which has yet to be investigated at such high-precision), indicating that such oceanic δ234U variability may be a widespread phenomena.
Presented thesis offers a comprehensive analysis of national water security in the Mekong River Basin. In the first part of the text, I am debating about what is the water security, what are the actors ensuring the national water security and what kind of factors play role in ensuring national water security. The purpose of this thesis is not to find an ultimate definition or ideal framework based on merely security studies, but rather to show how securing of freshwater resources may be interpreted, who pursue water-related national interests and what exactly various political and apolitical actors (hydrocracy) want to ensure in terms of national water security. My interpretation of water security is therefore embedded into the realm of hydropolitics and water governance where international rivers play important role in ensuring national water security. In the second part of the text, I am debating about capacities, capabilities and involvement of various hydrocracies in water resources management, and forms of political justification that lead to conflict of interests among hydrocracies. Although the ultimate goals (hydrocratic missions) for ensuring national water security are quite clear, some hydrocracies may also pursue their own interests or justify other hydrocratic interests that may potentially ensure the national water security. This political schism is not only limited within but also beyond state’s territory. To demonstrate the conflict of interests among hydrocracies, I modified framework of hydrohegemony in order to analyse not only hydropolitical relations among hydrocracies from various riparian states, but also to show how national water security may be also ensured externally. In the third part of the text, I am delineating parameters and indicators that indicating how particular state is powerful to ensure its national water security or not. My investigations are therefore implemented in part four and five where I am analysing complex Mekong River Basin development between China, Myanmar and Cambodia. To strengthen the credibility of the research, I undertook several research trips in all selected countries and made numerous interviews with governmental authorities, corporate representatives and local communities between years 2016-2018. This helped me to refine my previous observation and to more intensively probe political rhetoric which is justifying basin development. To highlight the current situation in the basin, I have decided to focus on China’s hydrocracy involvement, particularly on development of Chinese hydropower dams that may strengthen or weaken ensuring
national water securities in Myanmar and Cambodia. To conclude, national water security may be ensured various ways and always imply “water security for whom”. Despite none of riparian states fully utilize Mekong waters, China’s hydropower development of the basin bring more positives than negatives.
