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![Malaxis risaraldana Szlach. & Kolan. a Dorsal sepal, b petal, c lateral sepal, d lip. Scale bar 2 mm [holotype; drawn by P. Baranow]](profile/Dariusz-Szlachetko/publication/256475645/figure/fig2/AS:614014627373063@1523403903726/Malaxis-risaraldana-Szlach-Kolan-a-Dorsal-sepal-b-petal-c-lateral-sepal-d-lip.png)
Malaxis risaraldana Szlach. & Kolan. a Dorsal sepal, b petal, c lateral sepal, d lip. Scale bar 2 mm [holotype; drawn by P. Baranow]
Source publication
Two new species of the genus Malaxis are described and illustrated based on the Colombian material. Their taxonomic affinities are briefly discussed and the relevant floral elements of the most similar species are illustrated. The differences between genera Malaxis and Micorstylis are compared.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... risaraldana Szlach. & Kolan., sp. nov. (Fig. 4) Species similar to Malaxis histionantha Link, Klotzsch & Otto, from which it is easily separable by obliquely trian- gular-ovate lateral sepals almost free to the base and lip form, which is reniform in outline, much wider than long, with undulate ...
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Citations
The genus Malaxis (family Orchidaceae), comprises nearly 183 species available across the globe. The plants of this genus have long been employed in traditional medical practices because of their numerous biological properties, like the treatment of infertility, hemostasis, burning sensation, bleeding diathesis, fever, diarrhea, dysentery, febrifuge, tuberculosis, etc. Various reports highlight their phytochemical composition and biological activities. However, there is a lack of systematic review on the distribution, phytochemistry, and biological properties of this genus. Hence, this study aims to conduct a thorough and critical review of Malaxis species, covering data published from 1965 to 2022 with nearly 90 articles. Also, it examines different bioactive compounds, their chemistry, and pharmacotherapeutics as well as their traditional uses. A total of 191 unique compounds, including the oil constituents were recorded from Malaxis species. The highest active ingredients were obtained from Malaxis acuminata (103) followed by Malaxis muscifera (50) and Malaxis rheedei (33). In conclusion, this review offers an overview of the current state of knowledge on Malaxis species and highlights prospects for future research projects on them. Additionally, it recommends the promotion of domestication studies for rare medicinal orchids like Malaxis and the prompt implementation of conservation measures.
The edible pseudo bulbs of Malaxis acuminata D. Don are used as a constituent of an Indian drug ‘Astavarga’ and in several marketed Ayurvedic formulations. The aim of the present work was to investigate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of the ethanolic extract and its fractions of the pseudo bulbs of Malaxis acuminata and to develop the HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method for rapid de-replication of the phytoconstituents present in the bioactive fraction. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated against four human cancer cell lines, such as A549 (non-small cell lung cancer cells), DU145 (human prostate carcinoma), DLD1 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) using the sulphorhodamine B assay. Eleven compounds including two flavonoids, three bisphenanthrene compounds, three stillbenoid compounds, two phenanthrene derivatives, and one prenylated benzoic acid were identified and characterized by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis along with the isolation of three steroidal compounds by column chromatography. The present investigation indicated that pseudo bulbs of Malaxis acuminata possessed a potent antiproliferative activity. LC–MS/MS analysis provided rapid dereplication of compounds, which might be responsible for its antiproliferative activity.
Malaxis sibundoyensis Kolan., Medina Tr. and Szlach. sp. nova (Orchidaceae) from southern Colombia is described and illustrated. It resembles M. quadrata, from which it differs by the alternate leaves and lip middle lobule being much shorter than lateral lobules. A key to identification of Colombian species of Malaxis is provided.
