Figure - uploaded by Ali Javadmanesh
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Sheep has been an essential source of food to the inhabitants of the Iranian plateau for centuries. Furthermore, this geographic area is considered the original place of sheep domestication. Phylogenetic studies are highly important in understanding the evolutionary relationships among species. This understanding assists in decision making and plan...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... Iranian sheep breeds (Zel, Dalagh, and Mehrabani) were chosen for the study, and five blood samples were collected from each breed. These breeds were selected for this study based on their tail size and shape as presented in (Table 1) along with other breeds' characteristics. The total DNA extraction was performed using NEXprep TM Blood DNA Mini Kit (NEX Diagnostics-South Korea). ...Similar publications
Zymoseptoria tritici is a fungal pathogen causing losses in wheat yields. Here, we present new primer sets for species-specific identification of this microorganism in wheat leaf samples using conventional PCR. Primer sets were validated in silico with the use of tools available in genetic databases. Furthermore, in vitro tests were also carried ou...
Citations
... To confirm the species of each sample, a 1075 bp from the control region of mitochondrial DNA was amplified, sequenced, and sequence homology was analyzed by the NCBI BLAST tool (Altschul et al. 1990) based on a method described by Hamadalahmad et al. (2020). ...
Habitat eradication and loss of animal species have created a new international hazard for wildlife conservation. National parks are considered as suitable places that can serve dual functions of biodiversity conservation and ecotourism. As recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and ISAG, microsatellites have been used for animal biodiversity assessment. For this reason, Iranian urials population genetic diversity was studied by analyzing of 10 microsatellite markers in 75 skeletal muscle samples that were collected from Tandooreh National Park, Northeastern of Iran. Species of samples validated by sequencing of the control region from mtDNA. Allelic frequencies for each locus in the population and different measurements of within-breed genetic variations were computed by the POPGENE32 software. The number of alleles per locus counted from five to eight, with an average of 6.1. The polymorphism information content was calculated between 0.66-0.74 with the average of 0.7. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.223 (MaF214) to 0.776 (OarFCB128) with an average about 0.584 while the average expected heterozygosity for all studied loci was 0.785 ranging from 0.765 (BM8125) to 0.807 (MaF36). High levels of expected heterozygosity can be attributed to some factors such as low level of inbreeding, low selection pressure, and high allele number. However, findings of the present study of the high variability of the Iranian urials showed the presence of a possible 'hot spot' genetic diversity for wild urial population in the Northeast of Iran. In conclusion, values of genetic diversity revealed that the Iranian urial population harbor unique and appreciable reservoirs of diversity.
... The domestic sheep (Ovis aries) is one of the most important domestic animals that is used mainly for meat (Hamadalahmad et al., 2020). Currently, researchers concentrate on the molecular mechanisms to improve the skeletal muscle in sheep, which is of vital importance to enhance the meat production of existing sheep breeds (Betti et al., 2022). ...
Importance of the work: Sheep are a major source of mutton production. Therefore, recognizing the genes that influence muscle growth rates in sheep is useful in breeding programs. Objectives: To identify the genes regulated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are effective in sheep skeletal muscle growth and development.
Materials & Methods: In total, 141,079,400 short reads for 12 muscle tissue (longissimus dorsal) samples of 6 young animals and 6 adults from domestic sheep were used as input for the FastQC and Trimmomatic software packages. Expression analysis was investigated using Cuffdiff. The ClueGO plug-in in Cytoscape was used for gene ontology. Novel lncRNAs were distinguished using Cuffcompare.
Results: Of the 82 lncRNA genes, 15 genes were up-regulated and 67 genes were down-regulated in adults compared with young animals and there was a higher expression of the lncRNA genes in the young than in the adult individuals based on cluster analysis. There were 26 genes of Gene Ontology classified as Biological Processes that significantly enriched the regulation of muscle development and differentiation. The findings showed that lncRNAs regulated both miRNAs and mRNAs that chiefly participate in the muscle growth and development in Texel sheep. Novel lncRNA transcripts were identified, such as TCONS_00063730, TCONS_00063387, TCONS_00063388 and TCONS_00033181, that had a strong correlation with mRNAs, while other novel lncRNA transcripts, such as TCONS_00040327, TCONS_00061518, TCONS_00064968 and TCONS_00033645, had greater correlation with miRNAs.
Main finding: New candidate regulator genes were identified for future molecular and genetic studies on sheep muscle growth and development. This might be helpful in selection programs to improve mutton production.
... Evaluation of genetic variation in another study also showed a high genetic diversity in Zandi sheep (Ghoreishifar et al., 2019). Hamadalahmad et al. (2020) studied three Iranian indigenous sheep breeds by mtDNA partial sequencing and compared them with some other Middle Eastern sheep breeds. They concluded that Zel breed, the only thin tailed sheep of Iran, might have different domestication history compared to two other fat-tailed breeds (Mehrabani and Dalagh) of Iran. ...
In present study, genetic diversity of domestic and wild Iranian sheep and goats were evaluated using inbreeding coefficients (FGRM, FHOM and FROH), linkage disequilibrium (LD), and effective population size (Ne). Genomic data of Iranian sheep and goat species were obtained from the NEXTGEN project. Animals consisted of 20 domestic sheep (Ovis aries), 14 wild sheep (Ovis orientalis), 20 domestic goats (Capra hircus) and 18 wild goats (Capra aegagrus). Mutations equivalent to the IlluminaSNPchip50 K were extracted to study mutations for each animal. Based on FGRM, FHOM and FROH, higher rates of inbreeding were observed in wild species than domestic species. Wild sheep had the highest rate of inbreeding among studied populations. Our results showed a decreasing in LD with increasing in distance between pairs of SNPs so that the average LD in short distance was in the range of 0.11-0.12, and in long distance was in the range of 0.091-0.093. The analysis of LD also demonstrated higher genetic diversity in domestic sheep and goat than wild species and wild sheep had the lowest genetic diversity among studied populations. The results indicated that Ne in 13 generations ago was higher in domestic species compared to wild species. In general, present results revealed that wild species had lower genetic diversity compared to the domestic species in Iran. Meanwhile, wild sheep population is in critical conditions from genetic diversity point of view and required more attention. Designing appropriate breeding programs to improve genetic diversity in wild species, especially in wild sheep in Iran is necessary to protect them from extinction.
Mitochondrial DNA and nonrecombinant parts of Y-chromosome DNA are a great tool for looking at a species’ past. They are inherited for generations almost unaffected because they do not participate in recombination; thus, the time of occurrence of each mutation can be estimated based on the average mutation rate. Thanks to this, male and female haplogroups guide confirming events in the distant past (potential centers of domestication, settlement of areas, trade connections) as well as in modern breeding (crossbreeding, confirmation of paternity). This research focuses mainly on the development of domestic sheep and its post-domestication expansion, which has occurred through human trade from one continent to another. So far, five mitochondrial and five Y-chromosome haplogroups and dozens of their haplotypes have been detected in domestic sheep through studies worldwide. Mitochondrial DNA variability is more or less correlated with distance from the domestication center, but variability on the recombinant region of the Y chromosome is not. According to available data, central China shows the highest variability of male haplogroups and haplotypes.
