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Location of Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica (A, B), with details of the spatial distribution of jaguar Panthera onca sightings in Tortuguero village (C, D).
Source publication
Human-wildlife interactions are on the rise due to anthropogenic pressures. Understanding these interactions is crucial for preventing conflict and promoting coexistence, ultimately benefitting humans and wildlife. In this study, we analysed the interactions between humans and jaguars Panthera onca in Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica. We examin...
Contexts in source publication
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... area: Tortuguero National Park is located on the northeast Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (10°32'28" N -83°30'08'' W, Fig. 1A & 1B), and encompasses an approximate terrestrial area of 45 755ha. The predominant ecosystem is the Tropical Wet Forest (Holdridge, 1969). Elevation ranges from 0m to 311m above sea level. The average temperature is between 25 o C and 30 o C, with a mean annual precipitation of 6 000mm ( Bermúdez & Hernández, 2004). The national park is ...
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... Tortuguero National Park there is a small village (1 200-1 500 inhabitants) called Tortuguero (Fig. 1B), which can only be accessed by boat or airplane, and whose primary source of income is eco-tourism (SINAC, 2013). The village hosts a large domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris population, and while some are well cared for by their owners, others are abandoned or allowed to roam free or tied by the houses without proper care. These ...
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... noteworthy trend is the recent increase in jaguar sightings in Tortuguero village (Fig. 1C & 1D). Although historically the jaguar has been reported sporadically in and around the village (Arroyo-Arce, 2013), since 2019 they have been seen more regularly patrolling the trail that limits the south end of the village with the national park (Fig. 1D). There have even been reports of jaguars venturing into the village, where locals ...
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... noteworthy trend is the recent increase in jaguar sightings in Tortuguero village (Fig. 1C & 1D). Although historically the jaguar has been reported sporadically in and around the village (Arroyo-Arce, 2013), since 2019 they have been seen more regularly patrolling the trail that limits the south end of the village with the national park (Fig. 1D). There have even been reports of jaguars venturing into the village, where locals have observed them on sidewalks, and in gardens, and even entering the properties of small hotels and predating dogs. It is important to highlight that there is no physical barrier, like a fence, that could prevent a jaguar from moving between the ...
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... similar situation was reported by Carral- García et al. (2021) in a coastal village in the Mexican Caribbean, which shares many similarities (socio-economic, pet ownership) with Tortuguero village. Jaguars tend to avoid humans in their natural habitat and therefore pose little threat (Hoogesteijn et al., 2016). However, there have been a few reports of jaguar attacks on people in South America, specifically in Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana (Neto et al., 2011;Iserson & Francis, 2015;Hoogesteijn et al., 2016;Neto & Haddad, 2019;Haddad et al., 2022;Bombieri et al., 2023;Surjan et al., 2023). ...
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... provide educational activities regarding coexistence. All these actions should target the villages adjacent to the national park, including Tortuguero, San Francisco and Parismina. The issue of jaguars venturing into Tortuguero village can be addressed by installing a non-lethal barrier along the boundary between the village and the national park (Fig. 1D). The barrier could consist of an electric fence along the trail section and wooden posts on the beach section, incorporating both visual and auditory deterrents. This method could prevent jaguars from entering the village and stop free-roaming dogs from entering the national park while allowing other local wildlife to move freely. ...
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