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First archaeological excavation in the 1500's convent of Bom Jesus de Penicha, Peniche, Portugal.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... e Melo, 1993), contudo e respeitando a toponímia local, usaremos este termo para discutir neste relatório este tipo de infra-estrutura vital para a ocupação Moderna de Peniche. As 'fontes' mais antigas e importantes para a povoação estão localizadas na sua metade norte: Fonte da Nora, Fonte do Meio, Fonte Boa, Fonte do Rosário e Fonte do Convento (Fig. 5). Como atestam documentos históricos, a funcionalidade destes poços variou muito tanto em termos de qualidade de suas águas em termos de higiene, nível de salinidade, caudal e das próprias condições de utilização destes poços, requerendo frequentes medidas por parte do poder público para garantir a sua funcionalidade por todo o século ...
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Citations
ABSTRACT: This report refers to works of salvage archaeology carried out in the construction site of a supermarket in the town of Peniche, central west coast of Portugal, between October 6th and December 30th, 2010. The construction works began without archaeological survey or any other preventive care and resulted in the destruction of a large area of important archaeological sites, including the wealthy Convent of Bom Jesus supported by the Vice Roy of India, D. Luís de Ataíde, in the late 1500’s.
Archaeological materials were detected by locals in the sediments excavated without professional supervision from a large area in the neighborhood of the Convento de Bom Jesus. As the name of the area suggests, this strip of Peniche’s coast is long known to be an important heritage site. The convent’s chapel still standing is also an evidence of the exact location of the convent.
The destruction of part of the convent was reported to the heritage bureau and only after that did the archaeological intervention begin. Not much could be done to the archaeological strata affected previously to the arrival of the archaeologists, but compensatory measures were assured after that. The construction company was required to pay for: (I) the archaeological supervision of the works yet to be done in the site; (II) excavation of areas to be affected by further construction around the supermarket; and (III) the sieving of all sediments resulting from the destruction of strata excavated prior to the archaeological work.
The excavation report for this site is available here at Researchgate (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280937501_Relatrio_de_Escavao_do_stio_do_Bom_Jesus_de_Peniche?ev=prf_pub).
The following report refers to the materials recovered by the sieving of sediments from the area mechanically excavated without archaeological supervision. This is not a usual approach in archaeological studies, but it was taken as a last resource to salvage at least some information on the destructed area. Despite the lack of contextualization of this material, it still provides some information on the site, particularly when combined with data gathered by the subsequent excavation of undisturbed areas of the site of the Convent of Bom Jesus de Peniche. Materials referring to the different periods of occupation of the site are a testimony to the importance of the previously wealthy convent. Evidence of the destruction of prehistoric archaeological levels were also provided by this unusual approach to the site, as rich lithic industry could be recovered, indicating that not one, but at least two sites were destroyed by the unsupervised beginning of construction.
Although this approach is a last resource following a destructive intervention of an important site, it did prove useful in providing limited information on the archaeology of the area complemented by later archaeological intervention on undisturbed levels of the site. It was also faced as a compensation supported financially by the company responsible for the destruction of archaeological strata.
Key words: Peniche; Convent of Bom Jesus; salvage archaeology.
