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Lecythidaceae species present in Espírito Santo: (a) Cariniana parvifolia, trunk with fissured rhytidome; (b) Eschweilera ovata, branch with flower; (c) Couratari macrosperma, branch with flower; (d) Lecythis lurida, immature fruits fallen on the ground; Cariniana legalis: (e) fruits and (f) inflorescence; (g) Couratari asterophora, inflorescence; (h) Cariniana estrellensis in bloom; (j) Lecythis lanceolata in bloom.
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Members of Lecythidaceae (Brazil nut family) are usually canopy or emergent trees that dominate in non-flooded forests. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze herbarium specimens and to gather information about the species of Lecythidaceae occurring in the state of Espírito Santo. Collection of specimens of Lecythidaceae in the state beg...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of the specimens revealed that the family is represented in Espírito Santo by 11 species and two morphospecies in four genera (Table 2 and Fig. 5), corresponding to 55% of the Lecythidaceae species occurring in the Atlantic Forest and positioning the state as the second-richest area for the family in this phytogeographic domain, after Bahia (Smith et al., ...
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Background and aims: Sierras de Ambato is a mountain range located in the province of Catamarca, Argentina. It has about 450 km 2 occupied by high mountain plant communities, which do not have exhaustive studies. In order to contribute to the knowledge of plant diversity of these environments, an updated list of vascular plants is presented and the...
Citations
... Mesmo sendo uma das áreas verdes mais significativas e de extrema importância biológica, o Espírito Santo possui poucas pesquisas abrangendo dados de flora em áreas de conservação (Oliveira et al., 2013;Esgario et al., 2009), assim como pesquisas voltadas para famílias específicas (Mônico et al., 2017;Ribeiro et al., 2014). Existem também pesquisas em trechos de florestas (Assis et al., 2004;Archanjo et al., 2012) e ainda com algumas revisões (Saiter;Thomaz, 2014;Oliveira et al., 2013). ...
Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de realizar o Levantamento Florístico da RPPN Macaco Barbado, identificando as espécies fanerogâmicas, diagnosticando o histórico de exploração do local e extrativismo, comparando o estado de conservação atual das espécies da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Macaco Barbado com relatos do que havia no passado. O levantamento florístico busca observar a riqueza e a diversidade de uma área através do conhecimento de sua flora, sendo de grande relevância para a caracterização da floresta. Reúne informações relevantes sobre determinada área, além de servir de subsídios para outras pesquisas. Intentando ampliar o grau de informação, no vigente estudo está sendo realizado o levantamento florístico de um a extensão de Floresta Ombrófila Densa, fixado em Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo. Para o levantamento florístico empregou-se o método de área de coleta não definida. Feito através das trilhas e bordas da mata, marcadas por pontos através GPS: Mapit Gis. A identificação dos espécimes na amostragem resultou até o presente momento em 74 espécies distribuídas em 60 gêneros reconhecidos, submissa a 19 famílias. A amostragem foi realizada numa área total de 2,93 há pertencente a Ecovila Bom Destino, durante o intervalo de sete meses. As Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural (RPPNs) vem cumprindo o seu papel de potenciadora e promotora da conservação da natureza in situ, por intermédio de áreas protegidas mediante a iniciativa dos proprietários particulares, tendo suma importância no contexto nacional e internacional. Além da preservação in situ possuem o potencial de formar corredores ecológicos, mantendo assim a biodiversidade e o fluxo gênico das espécies entre os fragmentos de florestas, unindo diferentes espécies que compõem as biotas dos fragmentos e protegendo espécies ameaçadas.
... Conservation:-Inga teresensis, known from few collections made over 18 years in the municipality of Santa Teresa, has a restricted distribution (AOO = 12 km2 and EOO = 0.43km2) and occurs in two reserves: Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi and Parque Natural Municipal de São Lourenço. The municipality of Santa Teresa is in one of the regions where plant collecting has been greatest in Espírito Santo (Giaretta & Peixoto 201,;Ribeiro et al. 2014, Cardoso et al. 2018) and stands out for having many threatened species (Dutra et al. 2019). The locations where I. teresensis was collected are in the urban region of Santa Teresa, which is threatened by fire, municipal roads, real estate development, and tourism (IBAMA 2004). ...
Inga (Fabaceae, mimosoid clade) is an important genus in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil where there are 44 species, 60% of which are endemic. In this work, we describe two new species of Inga (I. teresensis and I. tripa) from the Atlantic Forest and provide identification keys to the species of sections Vulpinae and Leptinga in the biome. Illustrations and comments about the geographic distribution, conservation status, phenology, etymology, and taxonomy of the new species are also included. Inga teresensis is only known from the state of Espírito Santo and is categorized as Critically Endangered (CR). Inga tripa occurs in coastal areas of the states of Bahia, Paraíba, Pernambuco, and Sergipe and is categorized as Learn Concern (LC).
... The MFSP is composed of the following two dominant vegetation types (sensu IBGE 2012), with an altitude ranging from 150 to 450 m, and a small area represented by mountains ranging from 500 to 750 m (IEMA 2018): (1) the Lowland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest covering most of the MFSP; and (2) the Dense Montana Ombrophilous Forest covering the higher altitudes, with some rocky outcrops (IBGE 2012;IEMA 2018). The MFSP has a high-priority conservation area for endangered species (IPEMA 2011;Ribeiro et al. 2014;Luber et al. 2016;Schwartsburd et al. 2017) and endemic plant species . ...
ContextUrbanisation and human population growth can generate conflicts, threatening biodiversity. Resource availability and vegetation complexity owing to human influence may increase the potential that a habitat would lose its species. Conservation biology aims to understand how to soften human influence and maintain viable insitu populations. AimsWe evaluated the non-volant mammal’s richness and abundance in an Atlantic Forest protected area. Specifically, we tested (1) the effect of distance from water resource and vegetation (canopy and understorey cover) on richness and abundance and (2) the effects of anthropogenic pressure such as domestic dog abundance, distances from human settlements, and from the road on the community of non-volant mammals. Methods
We collected the data from January through December of 2017 in 20 sampling sites by using live traps (for small mammals), active search, sand plots and camera traps. Key resultsWe recorded 22 species of non-volant mammals, among them four endemic, two endangered and two invasive exotic species. The main covariates that affected the structure and composition of the non-volant mammal’s assemblage was the domestic dog abundance, which repels most of the species into the forest and water resources, which attract the species to forest edges. Conclusions
Our results indicated that the negative impact of domestic dog presence in the non-volant mammal’s community is so evident that it could generate changes in the composition, richness, and local distribution of the species. ImplicationsWe suggest that management action in this protected area must initiate a control of domestic dogs to minimise their impact.
... The presence of research institutions in the municipalities of Santa Teresa (MBM herbarium), Linhares (CVRD herbarium), Vitória, Vila Velha and Guarapari (VIES herbarium), and Conceição da Barra (SAMES herbarium), most likely played a crucial role in generating a higher number of records, as the sampling effort is always higher next to research institutes ("Museum Effect", Moerman & Estabrook 2006). The correlation between species richness and sampling efforts in Espírito Santo was also observed in other angiosperm CARDOSO Et AL. • Phytotaxa 484 (1) © 2021 Magnolia Press families such as Bromeliaceae (Coser 2013), Cactaceae , Fabaceae (Silva 2016), Lecythidaceae (Ribeiro et al. 2014), Malpighiaceae (Almeida & Mamede 2014), Monimiaceae (Lírio 2014), and Myrtaceae (Giaretta et al. 2015), reinforcing the results presented for all angiosperms in the Atlantic Forest (Werneck et al. 2011). It is important to note that there are distribution record gaps in several locations in Espírito Santo, such as its bordering areas and northern region (Fig. 4A). ...
... It is important to note that there are distribution record gaps in several locations in Espírito Santo, such as its bordering areas and northern region (Fig. 4A). This was also observed for other previously studied families (e.g., Coser 2013, Silva 2013, Almeida & Mamede 2014, Lírio 2014, Ribeiro et al. 2014, Giaretta et al. 2015, Ostroski et al. 2020. This distribution pattern can be caused by the historical environmental degradation in these regions, where the remaining forest areas are highly fragmented and scattered (Dean 2004, IPEMA 2005, with few PAs (Rosa et al. 2019), added to relative lower sampling efforts (Coser 2013). ...
Verbenaceae is represented in Brazil by 15 genera and ca. 290 species, with most of its richness in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest domains. The state of Espírito Santo has an area of 46,184.1 km 2 , wholly embedded in the Atlantic Forest. Nonetheless, due to the intense environmental degradation in the state, only 10.5% of its original vegetation remains. The present study is part of the "Flora do estado do Espírito Santo" project and aims to provide a taxonomic treatment to Verbenaceae in the state, as well as to analyze its distribution patterns, together with preliminary conservation assessments for each species. It is based on morphological analysis of herbaria collections, field expeditions, and literature compilation. Distribution maps were made for each species, while the preliminary conservation assessments followed the criteria proposed by the IUCN. Verbenaceae is represented in the state of Espírito Santo by 31 species arranged in 11 genera: Aloysia (2 spp.), Bouchea (1 sp.). Casselia (1 sp.), Citharexylum (1 sp.), Glandularia (1 sp.), Lantana (10 spp.), Lippia (4 spp.), Petrea (1 sp.), Priva (2 spp.), Stachytarpheta (6 spp.) and Verbena (2 spp.). Eight species occurring in Espírito Santo are threatened with extinction. Three new records are verified, including species of the genus Lantana. The dense rainforest, which covers most of the state's territory, presents the most significant number of species (20 spp.), followed by pioneer vegetations (12 spp.), seasonal semideciduous forests (11 spp.), inselbergs (8 spp.), and ecological refuges (2 spp.). The main richness centers for Verbenaceae in the state of Espírito Santo are the municipalities of Linhares, Santa Teresa, Vitória, Vila Velha, and Guarapari in this order. In contrast, the family is noticeably little represented in the northern region of the state, as well as near its borders, where the forest remnants are highly fragmented and scattered. The current results contribute to the taxonomic and biogeographic knowledge of Verbenaceae, to the creation of conservation strategies for threatened species in the State of Espírito Santo, and reinforce the need of fieldwork in several areas of the state.
... A fragmentação de hábitats, o efeito de borda e a mineração são os principais vetores de ameaça atuais. Observa-se, entretanto, que a concentração de espécies ameaçadas coincide com áreas onde existe maior esforço de coleta (Giaretta & Peixoto, 2012;Ribeiro et al., 2014;Cardoso et al., 2018), deixando lacunas de informação em locais pouco estudados, o que também foi identificado por na avaliação do risco de extinção das espécies da flora brasileira. A ocorrência das espécies de eudicotiledôneas ameaçadas de extinção nas UCs está representada na Figura 9.3. ...
... A fragmentação de hábitats, o efeito de borda e a mineração são os principais vetores de ameaça atuais. Observa-se, entretanto, que a concentração de espécies ameaçadas coincide com áreas onde existe maior esforço de coleta (Giaretta & Peixoto, 2012;Ribeiro et al., 2014;Cardoso et al., 2018), deixando lacunas de informação em locais pouco estudados, o que também foi identificado por na avaliação do risco de extinção das espécies da flora brasileira. A ocorrência das espécies de eudicotiledôneas ameaçadas de extinção nas UCs está representada na Figura 9.3. ...
... The presence of research centers and areas of recognized plant di- versity likely influenced the increased sampling effort in their proximities, which has also been observed in studies of other plant groups (e.g. Giaretta and Peix- oto 2012, Ribeiro et al. 2014). Grid cells with higher sample effort correspond to areas where floristic proj- ects have already been conducted, or where specific projects with Cactaceae are in progress, or even refer to efforts from Espírito Santo herbaria work groups, especially in protected areas. ...
Cactaceae are a highly endangered plant family with economical and ornamental potential. One of its centers of diversity and endemism is in Eastern Brazil, including the Atlantic Forest in the state of Espírito Santo. The latest Brazilian global floristic inventory recorded 41 cactus species for this state, however an exclusive study about Cactaceae is still necessary to survey and describe the actual diversity of the family in the region and current threats acting upon the cacti. The aim of this study was to survey the species of Cactaceae in Espírito Santo state and analyze the threats suffered by them. A database produced from fieldwork, herbarium and literature research resulted in 908 georeferenced records which served for the production of distribution maps and to analyze sampling efforts and species richness. The richest grid cells were positively correlated to the best sampled cells. In total 38 native species of Cactaceae were found, including epiphytic, rupicolous, and terricolous life-forms. Several threats to the conservation of cacti in the region are acting to reduce the habitat of native populations. Our results indicate the need to include an effective sampling of cactus specimens in order to understand the real conservation of the species of this highly endangered family.
... Muitos municípios não apresentaram registros, principalmente aqueles situados na região noroeste. Essa região é tida como de conhecimento limitado (Almeida & Mamede, 2014;Moreira, Coutinho & Mendes, 2008;Ribeiro et al., 2014), devido a menor atratividade de pesquisa relacionado ao fato de ser constituída por fragmentos florestais muito reduzidos e pelo distanciamento dos centros de pesquisa(Moreira, Coutinho & Mendes, 2008; SOS Mata Atlântica & INPE, 2014). Apesar disso, localidades como Água Doce do Norte constituem áreas prioritárias para a conservação (Espírito Santo, 2010) e devem ser inseridas em inventários da biodiversidade. ...
Apresentamos a vegetação palustre encontrada na região dos Alagados do Vale, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo. Indivíduos férteis foram coletados em caminhadas assistemáticas ao longo das áreas permanentemente alagadas e em poças temporárias. Foram encontradas 23 famílias e 36 espécies, sendo Cyperaceae a família mais representativa, com sete espécies, seguida por Asteraceae, Poaceae e Rubiaceae, com três espécies cada uma. Apesar de a área apresentar histórico envolvendo extração irregular de areia e queimadas periódicas, ainda preserva considerável riqueza de espécies palustres relacionadas para a região Centro-Sul do Espírito Santo.
... 1829: 378;Miers 1874: 257) and Eschweilera sphaerocarpa M. Ribeiro & S.A. Mori (Ribeiro et al. 2016: 267-271) were recorded from the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Although several areas in the state are currently considered high priority for biodiversity conservation (Loyola et al. 2014), almost half of the state's area lacks any records of the family due to low effort for sampling, especially in the south (Ribeiro et al. 2014). The identification was performed by consulting specialized bibliography (Mori and Prance 1990). ...
... Those forests occur near the coast, often on clay sediments up to 300 m altitude, and sometimes approach the shore through cliffs from southern Espírito Santo to the Rio de Janeiro. Floristic and phytosociological studies performed in this region do not record the occurrence of E. compressa in dune-ridge forests (restinga vegetation) (Menezes and Araujo 2005;Costa and Dias 2001;Araújo et al. 2015;Ribeiro et al. 2014), although the species can be found near the coastal strip. ...
This paper provides the first record of Eschweilera compressa (Lecythidaceae) in Espírito Santo state,Brazil. According to IUCN criteria and the Brazilian government,this species is assigned as Critically Endangered globally and Endangered nationally,respectively. Herein,E. compressa is regionally assigned as Critically Endangered in Espírito Santo,Brazil,which is justified by urban expansion,a small area of occupancy,as well as its occurrence outside protected areas. A brief description,distribution map,and images of the species are presented.
... In the Espírito Santo state, Lecythidaceae presents the highest richness and diversity in lowland forest (30 to 200 m elev.) where 11 species and two morphospecies were recorded (Ribeiro et al. 2014), which one of them is herein described. ...
... 50,000 ha) found from north of the state of Rio de Janeiro to the south of the state of Bahia (Garay 2003) and, located ca. 5 and 24 km from the type locality, respectively. This area possesses the greatest diversity of Lecythidaceae in the state of Espírito Santo (Ribeiro et al. 2014). But curiously, this species has not been found in this continuous area. ...
Eschweilera sphaerocarpa (Lecythidaceae) is described here as a new species for science. It is closely related to Eschweilera complanata. Due to an area of occupancy of less than 10 km2 this species is regarded as endangered according to the standards of the IUCN. This paper provides a description, illustration and, comments on geographic distribution and ecology. Additionally, a diagnostic key to the species of Eschweilera section Tetrapetala is provided.
