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Leaf vertical sections of the chimaera (2x + 4x) and the diploid ‘Orah’ (2x). A Overview of whole vertical sections; bar = 50 μm; B upper epidermis; bar = 20 μm; C lower epidermis; bar = 20 μm
Source publication
Nonapomictic citrus tetraploids are desirable in citrus breeding for the production of triploid, seedless varieties, and polyploid rootstocks. However, only a few lines have been reported, and they were all generated using chemical methods. A 2x + 4 × cytochimera of the nonapomictic citrus variety ‘Orah’ mandarin, which developed from a bud mutant,...
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Citations
... The Orah mandarin (Citrus reticulata var. Orah) is a very famous citrus variety and belongs to the family of late-maturing broad-skinned citrus fruits [1]. Its main characteristics, such as high sugar content, good fruit quality, high yield, suitability for storage and transportation, tolerance to various stresses, and easy cultivation, have expanded its cultivation in many regions of China [2]. ...
Background: The Orah mandarin is an economically important variety of Citrus reticulata for citrus growers in Yunnan Province, China. Generally, the fruit peel is smooth, an attractive feature for consumer preferences. Recently, rough peels have been observed in several orchards, making the fruit aesthetically less desirable. Little is known about the mechanism of rough skin development. Methods: In this study, we used global metabolomics and a comparative transcriptomic approach to characterize the differences between smooth (CK) and rough (CP) Orah mandarin peels. Results: Our results indicate that CP fruits have a significantly larger diameter, peel weight and thickness, total soluble solids, and titratable acid content compared to CK. Metabolomic analysis detected 810 metabolites, of which 192 were differentially accumulated in CP and CK. CP is characterized by higher levels of flavonoids, amino acids and derivatives, terpenoids, and alkaloids. We also report nine compounds detected exclusively in CP, including dambonitol, 3-methyl-L-histidine, deacetylnomilinic acid, obacunoic acid, and 6-O-acetylarbutin. The transcriptome results showed that the expression of genes enriched in flavonoids, lipid, and amino acid metabolism and related pathways were consistent with the metabolome profiles. We also discuss the possible involvement of phytohormones in peel roughening. Conclusions: Overall, we present, for the first time, a detailed comparative metabolome and transcriptome profile in smooth and rough Orah mandarin peels. Our data and discussion highlight the potential mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of rough peel Orah mandarins.
