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Laccaria squarrosa. A-B Mature basidiomata in their natural environment in Piedra Canteada, Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala, Mexico (Hernández-Santiago 65); C-D Scanning electron micrograph of echinulate spores (Hernández-Santiago 65).
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Background:
Pinus (Coniferophyta) and Laccaria (Basidiomycota) establish ectomycorrhizal symbioses in natural forests. However, their detailed morphoanatomical and phylogenetic characterization have received little attention. Accurate identification of native host symbionts is of paramount relevance to the production of mycorrhized seedlings for su...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... soil samples were collected beneath basidiomata of Laccaria squarrosa (MT026967 and MT026968) (Figure 3) from different sites in a pure Pinus pseudostrobus stand in Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala, Mexico. A total of eight morphotypes were found in the soil samples and photographed, described, and sequenced. ...
Citations
... & Cham., 1830, P. pringlei Shaw, 1909, P. pseudostrobus Lindl., 1839and P. teocote Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham., 1830 (Herrera et al. 2022). Ectomycorrhizae in P. montezumae have been synthesized using L. bicolor, L. laccata and also with L. trichodermophora (Barragán-Soriano et al. 2022;Flores-Almaraz 2020;Galindo-Flores et al. 2015;Garay-Serrano et al. 2018;Pérez et al. 2012;Rodríguez-Gutiérrez et al. 2019;Santiago-Martínez et al. 2003). ...
... The thin mantle and dichotomic ramification patterns also coincide with pine ectomycorrhizae (Tang et al. 2021). General cluster morphology, ramification patterns, color and mantel thickness also coincide with other Laccaria-Pinus description of ectomycorrhiza (Galindo-Flores et al. 2015;Herrera et al. 2022;Rodriguez-Gutiérrez et al. 2019). So, micromorphology confirmed fully developed ectomycorrhizae and macromorphology indicated that they correspond to those of L. trichodermophora. ...
Several species of Laccaria can be used in forest management as promoter of the growth and health for conifers and broadleaf trees by performing ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. In central Mexico, Laccaria trichodermophora occurs in forests dominated by Pinus, which include P. montezumae and P. teocote. It is an edible mushroom consumed traditionally, mostly at a home scale, and is studied as a forest bioinoculant for nursery pines. This work aims to detect the compatibility between L. trichodermophora and P. teocote and the effect of the inoculum application moment on the percentage of mycorrhization of their root systems. The symbiosis was confirmed by a) sequencing the fungal nrDNA ITS region, b) observing micro-anatomical structures of the symbiotic interface using confocal laser scanning microscopy, and c) quantifying the colonization and comparing with the known host P. montezumae. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the identity of the ectomycorrhizae-forming fungi as L. trichodermophora. The symbiotic development was also confirmed by detecting the fungal structures on and between root plant cells. After comparing the levels of colonization in the roots of the two pine species, it is concluded that L. trichodermophora is capable of colonizing both assessed tree species to a comparable extent. The integration of these results allowed to confirm that L. trichodermophora can be used as inoculum to promote the production of the timber P. teocote, that mycorrhization is detectable from three months after inoculation and that it is not necessary to inoculate from the moment of germination.