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Karstenula rhodostoma (PH 01048835, holotype of Sphaeria rhodostoma). a-b Herbarium packet and specimen. c. Ascomata on substrate. d Section thought ascoma. e Asci arrangement. f Close up of the peridium. g Hamathecium comprising cellular pseudoparaphyses. h-i 

Karstenula rhodostoma (PH 01048835, holotype of Sphaeria rhodostoma). a-b Herbarium packet and specimen. c. Ascomata on substrate. d Section thought ascoma. e Asci arrangement. f Close up of the peridium. g Hamathecium comprising cellular pseudoparaphyses. h-i 

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The ascomycetous families, Didymosphaeriaceae and Montagnulaceae, have been treated in Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, and both include saprobes, endophytes and pathogens associated with a wide variety of substrates worldwide. Didymosphaeriaceae was characterized by 1-septate ascospores and trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, mainly anastomosing above the...

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... Decades Mycologicae Italicae no. 94. (1879) (Fig 8), Facesoffungi number: FoF 00043. ...
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... species: Phaeodothis tricuspidis Syd. & P. Syd., Annls mycol. 2(2): 166 (1904) (Fig. 18), Facesoffungi number: FoF ...

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... In addition, the basepair differences in LSU of Neopalmiascoma macadamiae to Palmiascoma gregariascomum (MFLUCC 11-0175) are 1.96% (16 bp out of 818 bp). Thus, it is difficult to distinguish them based on morphological traits alone, so we introduce Neopalmiascoma as a new genus within Bambusicolaceae based on both morphology and multigene phylogeny (Zhang et al. 2012, Hyde et al. 2013, Ariyawansa et al. 2014, Liu et al. 2015. ...
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Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina , Colletotrichum araujiae on leaves, stems and fruits of Araujia hortorum . Australia , Agaricus pateritonsus on soil, Curvularia fraserae on dying leaf of Bothriochloa insculpta , Curvularia millisiae from yellowing leaf tips of Cyperus aromaticus , Marasmius brunneolorobustus on well-rotted wood, Nigrospora cooperae from necrotic leaf of Heteropogon contortus , Penicillium tealii from the body of a dead spider, Pseudocercospora robertsiorum from leaf spots of Senna tora , Talaromyces atkinsoniae from gills of Marasmius crinis-equi and Zasmidium pearceae from leaf spots of Smilax glyciphylla . Brazil , Preussia bezerrensis from air. Chile , Paraconiothyrium kelleni from the rhizosphere of Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis . Finland , Inocybe udicola on soil in mixed forest with Betula pendula , Populus tremula , Picea abies and Alnus incana . France , Myrmecridium normannianum on dead culm of unidentified Poaceae . Germany , Vexillomyces fraxinicola from symptomless stem wood of Fraxinus excelsior . India , Diaporthe limoniae on infected fruit of Limonia acidissima , Didymella naikii on leaves of Cajanus cajan , and Fulvifomes mangroviensis on basal trunk of Aegiceras corniculatum . Indonesia , Penicillium ezekielii from Zea mays kernels. Namibia , Neocamarosporium calicoremae and Neocladosporium calicoremae on stems of Calicorema capitata , and Pleiochaeta adenolobi on symptomatic leaves of Adenolobus pechuelii . Netherlands , Chalara pteridii on stems of Pteridium aquilinum , Neomackenziella juncicola (incl. Neomackenziella gen. nov.) and Sporidesmiella junci from dead culms of Juncus effusus . Pakistan , Inocybe longistipitata on soil in a Quercus forest. Poland , Phytophthora viadrina from rhizosphere soil of Quercus robur , and Septoria krystynae on leaf spots of Viscum album . Portugal (Azores) , Acrogenospora stellata on dead wood or bark. South Africa , Phyllactinia greyiae on leaves of Greyia sutherlandii and Punctelia anae on bark of Vachellia karroo . Spain , Anteaglonium lusitanicum on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica , Hawksworthiomyces riparius from fluvial sediments, Lophiostoma carabassense endophytic in roots of Limbarda crithmoides , and Tuber mohedanoi from calcareus soils. Spain (Canary Islands) , Mycena laurisilvae on stumps and woody debris. Sweden , Elaphomyces geminus from soil under Quercus robur . Thailand , Lactifluus chiangraiensis on soil under Pinus merkusii , Lactifluus nakhonphanomensis and Xerocomus sisongkhramensis on soil under Dipterocarpus trees. Ukraine , Valsonectria robiniae on dead twigs of Robinia hispida . USA , Spiralomyces americanus (incl. Spiralomyces gen. nov.) from office air. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
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... Members of this genus play a crucial function as saprobes on dead plants, particularly dead wood, and occasionally on dead leaves (Verkley et al., 2004;Hyde et al., 2013;Ariyawansa et al., 2014b;Hongsanan et al., 2020;Boonmee et al., 2021). In addition, since the species has been found in both temperate and tropical countries (e.g., Australia, China, India, Iran, Laos, Myanmar, Poland, Thailand, the United States, and Uzbekistan), Paraconiothyrium appears to have a global distribution (Verkley et al., 2004(Verkley et al., , 2014Budziszewska et al., 2011;Ariyawansa et al., 2014bAriyawansa et al., , 2020Crous et al., 2017;Gafforov, 2017;Hongsanan et al., 2020;Boonmee et al., 2021). Paraconiothyrium has diverse morphology characteristics, such as eustromatic to pycnidial conidiomata, phialidic or annelidic conidiogenous cells, and hyaline to brown conidia (Verkley et al., 2004(Verkley et al., , 2014. ...
... Subsequently, C. fuckelii was synonymized under Paraconiothyrium by De Gruyter et al. (2006), based on morphology combined with phylogeny data. The morphological characteristics of our collection (MFLU 18-2605) resemble previously introduced authentic P. fuckelii isolates in having pycnidial, immersed, light brown to dark brown, globose to sub-globose conidiomata, ampulliform to globose, holoblastic conidiogenous cells and sub-globose to ellipsoid or obovoid, hyaline to light brown, aseptate conidia (Ariyawansa et al., 2014b;Verkley et al., 2014). Multi-gene phylogeny also directs that our collection (MFLU 18-2605) groups with other P. fuckelii isolates in a highly supported clade (97% ML, 0.99 BYPP, Figure 4). ...
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Fungal taxonomy has a long history and changed significantly in the last few decades. Most recent studies have witnessed morphology combined with DNA-based molecular analyses as the main research tool for fungal species identification. During field surveys, some interesting Didymosphaeriaceae species were found from plant litter in China and Thailand. Morphology combined with phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian and maximum likelihood) of ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, and tub2 loci was used to identify fungal taxa. In this article, three new species and six new host records are described. The new species, Montagnula acaciae, Paraconiothyrium zingiberacearum, and Paraphaeosphaeria brachiariae, can be distinguished from other species of the respective genera based on their distinct size differences (ascomata, asci, and ascospores) and DNA sequence data. The new host records, Montagnula jonesii, Paraconiothyrium fuckelii, Spegazzinia deightonii, and S. tessarthra are reported from Ficus benjamina, Dimocarpus longan, Hedychium coronarium, and Acacia auriculiformis respectively, for the first time. Also, Paraconiothyrium archidendri and P. brasiliense are reported for the first time from Magnolia sp. in China. Moreover, Paraconiothyrium rosae is synonymized under P. fuckelii based on close phylogeny affinities and morphological characteristics. In-depth morphological descriptions, micrographs, and phylogenetic trees are provided to show the placement of new taxa.
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The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) is known as a diverse geographic landscape and one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in the world with a high fungal diversity. Collections were carried out in terrestrial habitats to determine the diversity of woody litter fungi in the GMS, with an emphasis on northern Thailand and the Yunnan Province of China. Morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU, LSU, ITS, and tef1-α supported the placement of the new isolates in the family Didymosphaeriaceae. The phylogenetic affinities of our isolates are illustrated through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. Seven species of woody litter fungi were identified, comprising a new monotypic genus, Septofusispora; five novel species (Chromolaenicola sapindi, Dictyoarthrinium thailandicum, Karstenula lancangensis, Septofusispora thailandica, and Spegazzinia jinghaensis); and new host records of two species (Austropleospora archidendri, and Montagnula donacina). Furthermore, this study provides a synopsis of the Montagnula aff. donacina species based on their morphological characteristics, which can be useful in the species-level identifications in this genus.