Ischnothyreus ruyuanensis sp. n., male holotype, A–C (SEM) and D–H (light); female paratype, I–J (light). A left chelicerae, anterior view; B left palp, prolateral view; C distal part of palpal bulb, prolateral view; D left palp, prolateral view; E left palp, retrolateral view; F left palp, dorsal view; G left chelicerae, anterior view; H left chelicerae, posterior view; I endogyne, ventral view; J endogyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodemes, csr = curved sclerotised ridge, dm = dorsal membrane, lsp = long sclerotised process, tlp = thorn-like process, vl = ventral lobe, vp = ventral projection, vpr = ventral protuberances, wt = winding tube. Scales: A, B, D–H = 0.1 mm; C = 0.05 mm; I, J = 0.2 mm.

Ischnothyreus ruyuanensis sp. n., male holotype, A–C (SEM) and D–H (light); female paratype, I–J (light). A left chelicerae, anterior view; B left palp, prolateral view; C distal part of palpal bulb, prolateral view; D left palp, prolateral view; E left palp, retrolateral view; F left palp, dorsal view; G left chelicerae, anterior view; H left chelicerae, posterior view; I endogyne, ventral view; J endogyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap = apodemes, csr = curved sclerotised ridge, dm = dorsal membrane, lsp = long sclerotised process, tlp = thorn-like process, vl = ventral lobe, vp = ventral projection, vpr = ventral protuberances, wt = winding tube. Scales: A, B, D–H = 0.1 mm; C = 0.05 mm; I, J = 0.2 mm.

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Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 is one of the most speciose genera of Oonopidae, with 124 extant species mainly distributed in the Old World. Currently, 27 species are known in China. A new species, Ischnothyreus ruyuanensis Tong, sp. n., is described from Guangdong Province, China. Morphological description and illustrations are provided.

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Background Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 is a large genus of oonopid spiders that currently contains 126 species, amongst which, 28 have been recorded in China. New information Two new Ischnothyreus species, Ischnothyreus daheling Tong & Zhang, sp. nov. and Ischnothyreus longyang Tong & Zhang, sp. nov., are described, based on specimens collected from Yunnan Province and Ischnothyreus velox Jackson, 1908 is recorded in China for the first time, based on material collected from Guangxi Province. All three species are illustrated.