Table 5 - uploaded by Christine Lefèvre
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Invertebrate remains from Zeto Point site (ADK-011). NISP = Number of identifi ed specimens; MNI = Minimum number of individuals. Identifi cations by D. West.
Source publication
Although William Dall explored the Central Aleutians nearly 140 years ago, surprisingly little archaeological research has occurred in this area since then. During 1999 the Western Aleutians Archaeological and Paleobiological Project excavated archaeological sites on north Adak Island, Alaska. Faunal remains from two excavation pits at ADK-011 are...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... shell debris including crushed mus- sels, tiny fragments of cockle shells, or the bro- ken parts of sea urchin shells were not taken into account in calculating NISP. The number of iden- tifi ed specimens indicated in Table 5 represents urchin mouthparts (i.e., Aristotle's lanterns), chi- ton fragments, gastropods complete enough to be counted, and cockle shells. ...
Context 2
... of the invertebrates collected in the two features excavated at Zeto Point are the large heart cockles Clinocardium nuttalis (Table 5), but their percentages differ in the various assemblages. In the thick midden of Unit 1 in Feature 1, they rep- resent 83% of the number of identifi ed inverte- brates, and 570 specimens. ...
Similar publications
Throughout human history, coastal and marine resources have been a vital part of human subsistence. As a result archaeological faunal assemblages from coastal sites often contain large quantities of skeletal remains indicative of human interaction with marine mammals. However, these are often hard to identify due to a unique combination of factors...
Citations
... The detailed description of ADK-011 (Zeto Point site), along with its 14 C dates, was published elsewhere (Lefevre et al. 2011). ADK-011, Feature 1, excavated in two units, measured 6 m 2 . ...
Radiocarbon dates (n = 18) from three archaeological sites on Adak Island, Alaska, were analyzed to understand the marine reservoir offset. Samples of marine and terrestrial origins recovered from the same archaeological context were compiled in nine pairs. The mean ΔR value calculated for them totaled 545 ± 10 yr. This value can be regarded as a sound estimate of the marine reservoir offset in the central Aleutians.
... и Eleginus ) . Около 6500 л . н . среди трескоо вых преобладала вахня , в период 1400 – 200 л . н . – треска . Соотношение групп промысловых рыб в отложениях ADKK171 и ADKK009 схоже с такоо вым для других археологических памятников центральных Алеутских оовов , в которых терпуги и треска являются основными промысловыми группами ( Partlow , 2007 ; Lefevre et al . , 2011 ; Crockk ford , 2012 ) . Основным отличием отложения ADKK 171 является наличие в материале костей вахни , остатки которой не отмечены ни в одном памятт нике Алеутской гряды . Динамика добычи разных видов рыб древними алеутами , видимо , была свяя зана в первую очередь с климатической обстановв кой в регионе : относительное похолодание в ...
The results of identifying the fish remains from two archaeological sites on Adak Island (Aleutian Islands, Alaska) are represented. The main objectives were to determine the main fish groups in catches of ancient Aleuts and temporal dynamics of their relative abundance and individual size. Settlers of an ancient settlement on the Clam Lagoon coast (archaeological site ADK�171, circa 6500 cal. years BP) caught greenlings
(Hexagrammos sp.) and small�scale gadids, mainly saffron cod (Eleginus gracils). Owing to changes in the substrate of the Clam Lagoon, the share of flatfish in catches became higher. No dynamics in the shares of greenlings and saffron cods were observed. Ancient Aleuts from the settlement in the Sweeper Cove (1400–200 cal. years BP) also caught greenlings and gadids, mainly large Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus). During this period, the shares of Pacific cod in the catches significantly decreased; on the contrary, those of greenlings increased. A relative abundance of Pacific cod in the Sweeper Cove region grew also during the period studied, and the relative abundance of greenlings was reduced. All changes in shares and relative abundance coincided with the main climatic shifts in the North Pacific region. The intense fishing of greenlings affected
the local greenling population during the existence of the settlement in the Sweeper Cove region.
We discuss the cultural roles of dog and red fox recovered from Carlisle Island, Islands of Four Mountains, Alaska, within the context of Aleutian ethnographic and zooarchaeological records. Three dog bones were recovered from the Ulyagan archaeological site, Unit 5, in levels that date to AD 1450–1645. Three red fox bones come from the Ulyagan site, Unit 4, in levels that date 460 BC–AD 95. Our analyses show that both red fox and domestic dog date earlier than the contact with Russians and that these canids do not extend west of the Islands of Four Mountains archipelago. Given the rich history of human intervention on the Aleutians ecosystems over the last 250 years, we argue that indigenous red fox inhabited the Islands of the Four Mountains region prior to western contact; however, foxes did not have a pronounced cultural role for prehistoric Aleuts. Domestic dogs accompanied humans in the Aleutians after AD 950, suggesting that these canids might be linked with the Neo-Aleut culture. In the light of Arctic and oceanic cases of human use of dogs considered in the paper, we suggest that dogs might have served as reserve food sources during long trips for people migrating west.
This first zooarchaeological analysis for the Islands of Four Mountains (IFM), Aleutian Islands, Alaska, provides data about local hunter-gatherer resource exploitation over three thousand yr. The majority of zooarchaeological material represents faunal resources that were harvested within several kilometers of villages. Our analysis shows that IFM subsistence system was shaped by the small size of these islands, which is mostly true for all of the Aleutian Islands. The archaeological middens indicate that Aleuts readily exploited new resources when they became available, expanding their dietary niche. Despite human harvesting, most faunal populations remained stable; however, Aleuts overexploited the storm-petrel colony on Carlisle Island.
