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Interfacial solar driven air water harvesting system a, b schematic of system designs; c schematic of adsorption process and d optical image of developed system.
Reproduced with permission from Qi et al. (2019)

Interfacial solar driven air water harvesting system a, b schematic of system designs; c schematic of adsorption process and d optical image of developed system. Reproduced with permission from Qi et al. (2019)

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Air water-harvesting systems are considered important technologies for overcoming the global water scarcity issue. Various relative humidity and cost considerations make sorbent-based air water-harvesting systems the most desirable technologies among current air water-harvesting systems. The limited availability of commercial instruments for air–wa...

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... Sistem ini merupakan suatu metode konservasi air tanah melalui penampungan dan pemanfaatan air hujan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sanitasi (Bagheri, 2018). Penerapan sistem ini di terminal bandara sangat efektif untuk mengatasi permasalahan air bersih dan meningkatkan efisiensi terhadap pengelolaan air di bandara (Asim et al., 2021). Melihat desain Gambar 6 dan 7, peneliti mendesain dengan menganalisis berbagai kebermanfaatan sistem yang akan diterapkan di bandara yang menerapkan eco-friendly airport. ...
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Increasing awareness of the importance of environmental conservation has encouraged the development of eco-design concepts in various fields, including air transportation infrastructure. The main focus of this research is to propose an eco-friendly terminal building design for airports using the Eco Airport Design approach. The research will involve case studies of specific airports to investigate the potential and challenges of applying eco-design principles in airport terminals. The research methods used will include observation, environmental data analysis, and the study of related literature. This research aims to develop design guidelines and recommendations that promote energy efficiency, waste reduction, use of eco-friendly materials, layouts that utilize natural air and light, and improve the environmental quality around the airport. The results of this research are expected to significantly contribute to environmental protection efforts in the context of air transportation infrastructure, particularly airport design for tertiary categories or those serving up to one million passengers per year.
... advantages such as a wide working humidity range, low energy consumption, utilization of solar energy for operation, minimal equipment investment, and operational simplicity. Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH), employing adsorption separation as its core mechanism, represents a highly promising water harvesting technology [8][9][10]. The effectiveness of this process is primarily determined by the choice of adsorbent. ...
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... For most situations, the captured water in solid adsorbents is released in gaseous form, where huge energy is demanded to overcome the desorption energy and the latent heat for water phase change. 107,108 In these situations, one feasible way to enhance the vapor-releasing is the hydrophobic modification of the solid adsorbents, which can weaken the water affinity of adsorbents and decrease the temperature and energy requirement for desorption. However, such preference will sacrifice the adsorbent's vapor capture ability, which requires the adsorbents to be more hydrophilic. ...
... This is perhaps because of the ability of such materials to capture water molecules from the air into their structures and desorb them at low-grade thermal energy. Various hygroscopic salts and organic sorbents with or without host materials have been investigated for AD [212,213]. ...
... Peltier cooling effect, Conventional vapor compression, and desiccant systems are types of water generation (Salehi et al., 2020). Desiccant systems are the best choice in desert and arid areas as they are capable of consistently achieving low relative humidity values regardless of ambient weather conditions and they require less energy than it does in other areas (Asim et al., 2021). Selecting the proper system for AWG has a great influence on the extracted water and the energy needed for that. ...
... Selecting the proper system for AWG has a great influence on the extracted water and the energy needed for that. In his review paper (Asim et al., 2021), an attempt was performed to the progress of sorbent materials, condensation, and sorption design in sorbent-based air-water harvesting systems and further considerations for improving their performance. ...
... The desiccant should be able to absorb large amounts of water vapor at specific pressures, as outlined in the ASHRAE Book of Fundamentals (ASHRAE, 1997). Researchers have studied and reported on the properties of desiccants (Asim et al., 2021;Ge et al., 2023;Kode et al., 2022). According to the study of (Lowenstein, 1998), the most important factors to consider when selecting a desiccant include its thermal, physical, and chemical properties. ...
... The properties of the desiccant, including equilibrium and dynamics of water adsorption, and particularly their matching to the climatic conditions of the specific region, the temperature grade of the driving heat source, and system components configuration are key factors affecting the performance of AWHA LaPotin et al. 2019;Asim et al. 2021). Nowadays, a huge number of various sorbents have been developed; thus, the Handbook of porous solids published in 2002 (Schüth et al. 2002) contains five volumes. ...
Chapter
Due to the rapidly growing population, industry, and agriculture, the potable water shortage is becoming one of the global challenges of our time. Simultaneously, the atmosphere contains 12,900 km3 of moisture available everywhere, regardless of geographical location and climatic conditions. In this context, the technology of Adsorptive Water Harvesting from the atmosphere (AWHA) is considered a promising method for decentralized water supply for domestic and sanitarian purposes in arid regions. The AWHA is based on the reversible sorption of water vapor on a desiccant and heat-powered desorption of the stored water with its subsequent condensation. The sorbent is a key element of AWHA, and its properties strongly affect the system’s performance. New opportunities for AWHA might open up with the development of novel adsorbents with advanced properties. In this chapter, first, the principle and basic technical solutions of AWHA are described and the properties of the sorbent required are outlined. Then the new classes of advanced sorbents suggested for AWHA are reviewed with a special focus on Metal–Organic Frameworks and the composite sorbents based on a hygroscopic salt embedded inside a matrix, the properties of which can be tuned according to the climatic conditions of a specific region, where the process is realized. Finally, the advantages and challenges of these adsorbents are discussed and some prospects on the adsorbents promising for continuously operating and scalable AWHA systems are provided.
... The adsorption material is the core of the adsorption and desorption water uptake system, which needs to have many characteristics. At the same time, the system structure affects whether the performance of the adsorption material can be exerted [61][62][63][64][65]. A good water uptake system based on adsorption and desorption should meet the requirements that the adsorbent has good water stability, high water absorption rate, fast adsorption and desorption, low desorption heat, low desorption temperature, small specific heat capacity, good regeneration stability, low cost, good heat transfer performance of the heat collection bed, and coordinated desorption and condensation. ...
... Most improvements based on adsorption materials only focus on improving the water absorption rate, but the heat and mass transfer performance of the adsorbent are equally important. They affect the speed of adsorption and desorption and thus affect the performance of the system [61,62,64,65]. The fast adsorption and desorption mean that the water uptake system can complete more adsorption and desorption cycles in a day to achieve higher water uptake. ...
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... Eslami et al. [18] compared water condensates as a function of the air flow rate and current for water harvesting from humid air using TEC coolers. Asim et al. [19] presented and discussed progress in the fields of sorbent materials and condensation with a focus on system design and future considerations to accelerate commercialization. Kode et al. [20] performed a technoeconomic analysis of atmospheric water generated by hybrid nanofluids. ...
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... Current technologies for atmospheric water harvesting can be categorized into (1) direct harvesting via condensation, e.g., fog and dew water collection, (2) vapor concentration via membrane or desiccant, e.g., membrane separation and sorbent sorption, and (3) byproduct collection via integrated systems. Unfortunately, few of the existing technologies have been commercialized, mainly due to the challenges related to their costeffectiveness, scalability, and/or stability [13]. For example, in passive radiative condensers, although the theoretical maximum dew yield through dew water collection is 0.8 kg/m 2 /day according to the radiative cooling ability available for condensation, the actual maximum yields recorded in arid and semi-arid areas were in the range of 0.3-0.6 kg/m 2 /day [14]. ...
... Current technologies for atmospheric water harvesting can be categorized into 1) direct harvesting via condensation, e.g., fog and dew water collection, 2) vapor concentration via membrane or desiccant, e.g., membrane separation and sorbent sorption, and 3) byproduct collection via integrated systems. Unfortunately, few of the existing technologies have been commercialized, mainly due to the challenges related to their cost-effectiveness, scalability, and/or stability [13]. For example, in passive radiative condensers, although the theoretical maximum dew yield through dew water collection is 0.8 kg/m 2 /day according to the radiative cooling ability available for condensation, the actual maximum yields recorded in arid and semi-arid areas were in the range of 0.3-0.6 kg/m 2 /day [14]. ...
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... The concepts of high adsorption capacity sorbents, heat control, vapor condensation, and water collection were also investigated. Another review paper by Asim et al. [19] discussed the progress in sorbent materials, condensation, and system design, considering functionalization and composites when modifying the sorbent materials. It is crucial to research sorbents' stability and life cycle, water absorption, adsorption kinetics, heat and mass transport, regeneration conditions, water-collecting surface design, and system design. ...
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Nowadays, harvesting water from the atmosphere is becoming a new alternative for generating fresh water. To the author’s best knowledge, no mathematical model has been established to describe the process of harvesting water from the atmosphere using porous materials. This research seeks to develop a new mathematical model for water moisture absorption in porous materials to simulate and assess harvesting atmospheric water. The mathematical model consists of a set of governing partial differential equations, including mass conservation equation, momentum equation, associated parameterizations, and initial/boundary conditions. Moreover, the model represents a two-phase fluid flow that contains phase-change gas–liquid physics. A dataset has been collected from the literature containing five porous materials that have been experimentally used in water generation from the air. The five porous materials include copper chloride, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese oxides, and crystallites of lithium bromide. A group of empirical models to relate the relative humidity and water content have been suggested and combined with the governing to close the mathematical system. The mathematical model has been solved numerically for different times, thicknesses, and other critical parameters. A comparison with experimental findings was made to demonstrate the validity of the simulation model. The results show that the proposed mathematical model precisely predicts the water content during the absorption process. In addition, the simulation results show that; during the absorption process, when the depth is smaller, the water content reaches a higher saturation point quickly and at a lower time, i.e., quick process. Finally, the highest average error of the harvesting atmospheric water model is around 1.9% compared to experimental data observed in manganese oxides.