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In the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, erstwhile family Bombacaceae is allocated as subfamily Bombacoideae of the family Malvaceae. Cladogram of the Malvaceae is after Bayer et.al. 1999 and online version of APG (http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb; accessed on 10 January 2021).
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Plants belonging to the subfamily Bombacoideae (family Malvaceae) consist of about 304 species, many of them having high economical and medicinal properties. In the past, this plant group was put under Bombacaceae; however, modern molecular and phytochemical findings supported the group as a subfamily of Malvaceae. A detailed search on the number o...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... of the plants are included in the subfamily Bombacoideae. At present, Bombacoideae is one of the clades in the family Malvaceae (Figure 1). The taxonomic location of Bombacoideae as per different systems of classification is shown in Figure 2 [4]. ...
Context 2
... lines specify the changes in the genus limitation and the genera, which is described after the previous action, and are specified by a symbol (*), while the citation marks represent the tribes which are not validly published. Reproduced with permission from Carvalho-Sobrinho et al. [4] (originally Figure 1). ...
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Objective
To describe the existing knowledge on the efficacy of the different gingival retraction systems (GRSs) in gingival displacement, to know their effects on biological functions of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and MCP-1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and saliva.
Methods
The...
Citations
... The chemical structures of new isolated compounds from Bombacoideae species(Das et al., 2021) ...
Resistance to synthetic antibiotics remains a significant global health challenge, prompting interest in natural alternatives such as phytochemicals. This study evaluated the antimicrobial potential of methanol and aqueous extracts from Adansonia digitata leaves against various pathogenic bacteria. Quantitative analysis revealed higher concentrations of alkaloids (5.60% in methanol extract), flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids (3.2% in methanol extract), and phenols in the methanol extract compared to the aqueous extract. The methanol extract demonstrated notable antibacterial activity, particularly against Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus aureus, with a maximum zone of inhibition of 24.00 mm. In contrast, the aqueous extract showed no significant antibacterial effect. However, several bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Citrobacter freundii, exhibited resistance to both extracts, despite exposure to concentrations below the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MIC values ranged from 62.50 mg/mL to 500 mg/mL for different bacterial strains, indicating varying susceptibility levels. This resistance highlights the complex way bacteria respond to phytochemicals and indicates that more research is necessary to identify the precise bioactive substances causing antimicrobial action as well as potential resistance pathways.
... and Vuillet (BC) is a medicinal plant which belongs to the family Bombacaceae and is widely used in Africa and has been gaining popularity for its medicinal properties [20]. Different parts of BC plant have been used in traditional medicine of various countries in West Africa for treating wide range of illness [21]. The root and stem bark possess diuretic, wound healing, severe headache, and anti-epileptic properties [20]. ...
Objectives
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder resulting from excessive electrical discharge in the brain. Bombax costatum (BC) is an herb being used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of seizures. This study evaluated the possible anti-convulsant potential of stem bark ethanolic extract of BC on PTZ-induced kindling in rats.
Methods
Thirty-five Wistar rats were grouped into five ( n = 7) and received normal saline, 35 mg/kg of PTZ, 5 mg/kg diazepam followed by 35 mg/kg PTZ after 30 min and BC stem back ethanolic extract at 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg followed by 35 mg/kg of PTZ intraperitoneally after 30 min. BC was administered orally daily while normal saline and PTZ were given intraperitoneally every other day for 26 days. Seizure activity was evaluated using the Racine scale, cognitive abilities through modified elevated plus maze and anxiety through forced swimming test. Further, the levels of GABA and oxidative stress biomarkers were also evaluated from the rat’s brain homogenate.
Results
Pretreatment with BC significantly reduced ( p < .05) the seizure score and increased GABA level in BC treated rats when compared to PTZ alone treated rats. The first transfer latency of PTZ alone treated rats was significantly increased ( p < .05) relative to the control rats and rats pretreated with diazepam and BC extract. Pretreatment with BC extract at 250 mg/kg was shown to significantly increase ( p < .05) the activities of catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase compared to the PTZ alone treated rats.
Conclusions
Conclusively, BC was found to prevent seizure, avert neurodegeneration, and enhance cognition in PTZ-treated rats by regulating GABA level and enhancing antioxidant activity. Therefore, BC could be explored further for possible development of antiseizure agents.
... It is used in diabetes, inflammation, asthma, tumors, cough, and fever. In West Africa, the leaf is a slurry sauce (Das et al. 2021). It is known for its silk production from the fruit part which is used for industrial purposes. ...
... In Thailand and America, the leaves are used for vegetable purposes (Lim 2012). It possesses many pharmacological potentials such as antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial activity, anticancer, cytotoxicity activity, hepatoprotective activity, anti-ulcerogenic, antiobesity, anti-angiogenic, anti-alzheimer, antifungal activity, anti-fertility, anti-parasitic activity, and antidiabetic activity (Das et al. 2021;Chan et al. 2022;Peter and Adenayo 2012). Leaves are pounded and paste is used for dressing on tumors, fever, and cough (Kuruvilla and Anilkumar 2018). ...
Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn., is a tree of Malvaceae family. The tree is best known for its fruit fibre production. This tree has various ethnopharmacological uses. It is used to treat bronchitis, diabetes, diarrhoea, dysentery, skin diseases, arthritis, painful eye diseases, chronic fever, and insect bites. It is also used to reduce air pollution and is popular as an avenue tree species. In this chapter, morphology, ethnopharmacological uses, and other useful facts about C. pentandra are discussed.
... Furthermore, the dried cores of G. malabarica flowers are used as essential ingredients in some of the favorite and delicious Thai cuisines, such as nam ngiao spicy noodle soup in Northern Thai cuisine and flavorful kaeng khae curry. The flowers G. malabarica are very good sources of various phyto-chemicals including, anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, quercetin, saponarin, vicenin 2, bombalin, bombasin and bombasin-4-o-glucoside, neochlorogenic acid, β-sitosterol, campesterol, matairesinol, xanthomicrol, kaempferol, apigenin (Das et al., 2021). The powder of G. malabarica flower and an extract of G. malabarica flower powder can be used in the pharmaceutical and food industry as a source of nutraceuticals. ...
... The test animals were given a dose of 10 mg/kg of ketamine hydrochloride to induce slumber, after which they were put to death. The pancreas could be separated and used for histological research [37][38][39][40]. ...
ABSTARCT: The point of this study is to look into how Adansonia digitata Linn plants can help people with diabetes. The bioactive extract was chosen by using the Haemoglobin Glycosylation Inhibition Assay and α-Amylase Inhibition Assay in a lab setting.So, the ethanolic solution was the most effective at fighting diabetes. In vivo study was done on it because of this. The extract was determined to be safe up to a level of 5000 mg/kg in a trial on acute poisoning. Anti-diabetic action was tested using a model of diabetes mellitus caused by streptozotocin. The factors that were looked at were changes in body weight and blood sugar levels. It was determined that following significant necrotic alterations, a damaged β-cell population, and smaller cells, the cells in the diabetes control group developed atrophy and fibrosis. The group that got the test amount, on the other hand, had normal pancreatic cells, more and bigger Studies on the effects of Adansonia Digitata Lin's fruits on diabetes 53 Available online at: https://jazindia.com CC License CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 islets, and no necrosis or fibrotic changes. These were about the same amounts as those found in people who took Glibenclamide, which is the common drug. The analysis of phytochemicals showed that flavonoids exist. These chemicals may be what give Adansonia digitata Linn's fruits their ability to help people with diabetes. The current study says that ethanolic extract greatly lowers the chance of getting diabetes in both lab-based and real-life settings.
... Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the epidemiology of skin diseases in the elderly population. These plants are a source of various phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, and have significant economic and medicinal value (Das et al., 2021). ...
... Medicinally, P. ellipticum has been reported to be effective in respiratory disorders such as cough, and against fever and as an antimicrobial drug (Ruiz-Terán et al., 2008). Additionally, the bark decoction has been used as a treatment for cough and catarrh in Guatemala (Das et al., 2021). In El Salvador, the tea of the flowers has been effective for gastrointestinal disorders while the tea of the fresh bark exhibited an antidiabetic effect (Vozzo 2002). ...
... Besides, b-lupeol from the stem bark of P. ellipticum demonstrated a valuable gastroprotective activity (CHÁVEZ-PIÑA et al., 2009). Phytochemically, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside has been identified as a constituent of the flowers of P. ellipticum (Das et al., 2021). ...
Plant extracts and their individual components have been used to manage skin aging for several decades. Recently, the discovery of new natural bioactive agents, that not only enhance the skin health but also offer protection against various deleterious factors, such as free radicals, ultraviolet radiation, and microbial infections, has been a potential target by many researchers. The aim of the current work was to investigate the phytochemical profile of an ethanol bark extract from Pseudobombax ellipticum, and to evaluate its antioxidant, antiaging and antibacterial activities in vitro. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were adopted to estimate and confirm the binding affinity of several compounds and explain their binding pattern at the binding sites of four target enzymes associated with skin aging, namely collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. HPLC-MS/MS analysis led to the tentative identification of 35 compounds comprising phenolic acids, and their glycosides, procyanidins and flavonoid glycosides. The extract demonstrated a promising in vitro antioxidant activity in the DPPH and FRAP assays (IC50 56.45 and 15.34 μg/mL, respectively), and was able to inhibit the aforementioned key enzymes with comparable results to the reference drugs. In addition, the extract (6.25 mg/mL) inhibited the biofilm production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and diminished the swimming and swarming motilities. The docked compounds revealed appreciable binding energy with the tested enzymes and were stable throughout the molecular dynamic simulations. In view of this data, P. ellipticum bark can be regarded as a good candidate for prospective application in derma-cosmeceutical preparations.
... It is wildly distributed in South-east Asia and India [7] . In India, it is known by different names like, Salmali, Ruka-Pusha, Kantakdurma, Semul or Semal, etc. . ...
Bombax ceiba L. is the member of family Bombacaceae. It is commonly known as Salmali, Ruka-Pusha, Semul or Semal, etc. It is a fast-growing tree because of which, is suitable for avenue plantation. Spines are found on the trunk of young tree for providing protection. The tree is about 20-40 m tall. Flowers are red-coloured and large-sized, and therefore it is known as Red-Silk cotton tree. Qualitative phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of bark shows the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phlobatannins, carbohydrates etc. The phytochemicals present in the plant provide protection, strength to plants. The anti-microbial activity was done in different solvents. The maximum zone of inhibition of 26.67 mm was observed against Bacillus subtilis of DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) extract. The minimum zone of inhibition of 7 mm was observed against Streptococcus mutans of ethanol extract, and Bacillus subtilis of aqueous extract.
... 10 P. macrocarpa is famed as the fortune tree as it is assumed to attract wealth and improve your financial prosperity; also, it purifies air by absorbing toxic components, which is believed to reduce stress and anxiety. 11 Before modern medicine, humans were directed to use herbs and weeds for treating diseases and improving health. P. macrocarpa leaves have been used for healing wounds because of their antiseptic, antifungal, and antibacterial properties; they also prevent bruises, cramps, and rheumatism. ...
In this study, we investigated the polyphenolic profile of Pachira macrocarpa Schltdl. & Cham. by HPLC analysis and we also isolated three compounds from the ethyl acetate leaf extract, which were identified by different spectral data as vitexin 1, luteolin 2, and ferulic acid 3. Moreover, we investigated the three isolated compounds and the plant extract for their therapeutic potential against AlCl3 exposure-induced neurotoxicity in rats. This investigation aims to determine whether vitexin, luteolin, and ferulic acid in Pachira macrocarpa Schltdl. & Cham. extract (P. macrocarpa) have the ability to treat AlCl3-induced brain toxicity in rats. Six groups of rats were created: group 1 (normal group), group 2 treated with AlCl3, and groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 treated with AlCl3 with vitexin, luteolin, ferulic acid, and P. macrocarpa extract, respectively, for 28 days. Neurotoxicity was assessed by measuring plasma IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BcL-2), B-cell lymphoma-2 associated-x (Bax), and neurogranin using the ELISA technique and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), miRNA-125b, and miRNA-132 levels using western blot and PCR. HPLC analysis identified major phenolics and flavonoids. Among the phenolics identified, chlorogenic acid was prevalent (2159.14 μg/g), and regarding flavonoids, rutin was prevalent (204.69 μg/g). A significant elevation of IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain Bax, neurogranin, and JNK levels and of miRNA-125b gene expression levels was observed following AlCl3 exposure. However, significant depletion of SOD, GSR, BcL-2, total protein, and miRNA-132 gene expression was observed in AlCl3-treated rats. Administration of the P. macrocarpa extract and its isolated compounds significantly increased SOD, GSR, BcL-2, total protein, and miRNA132 gene expression and decreased IL-8 and IL-33 as well as brain Bax, neurogranin, and JNK levels and brain miRNA-125b gene expression compared to AlCl3-treated rats. P. macrocarpa extract and its isolated compounds ameliorated AlCl3-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in rats.
... Moreover, it is noteworthy that studies have reported that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Pseudobombax marginatum and P. ellipticum species are closely related to their phenolic compound content. Overall, the ethnopharmacological interest in the genus Pseudobombax is focused on alcoholic preparations for its effectiveness in extracting and solubilizing their phytochemical constituents [41][42][43]. Furthermore, these studies represent pharmacological approaches that provide data for the safe application of the traditional use of medicinal plants in public health systems, as well as information to value traditional knowledge as a perspective for scientific/technological development [13,37,44]. ...
... None of these compounds have yet been reported in P. parvifolium, for which phytochemical data are scarce. Coumarins, alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids have been identified as the main chemical compounds in other plant species from the subfamily Bombacoideae [41]. Loliolide, a monoterpenoid lactone, arouses therapeutic interest due to its various pharmacological effects, such as antiparkinsonian, antioxidant, and antitumoral [48,49]. ...
Plants have long been used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses. Nevertheless, their chemical diversity requires studies to establish the extract dosage and its safe use. Pseudobombax parvifolium, an endemic species of the Brazilian Caatinga biome, is commonly used in folk medicine, due to its anti-inflammatory properties related to cellular oxidative stress; however, its biological properties have scarcely been studied. In this study, we chemically characterized the P. parvifolium hydroalcoholic bark extract (EBHE) and evaluated its cytotoxic, mutagenic, and preclinical aspects, as well as its antioxidant effect. Our phytochemical analysis revealed a significative total polyphenol content and identified loliolide for the first time in this species. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and acute oral and repeated dose indicated no toxic effects on cell culture, Drosophila melanogaster, and Wistar rat exposure to different EBHE concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and a mild hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect with repeated oral dosing of EBHE. Although there were no significant changes in glutathione content, we did observe a significant increase in superoxide dismutase at a dose of 400 mg/kg and in glutathione peroxidase at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. These findings suggest that EBHE has potential as a source of bioactive molecules, and it can be used safely in traditional medicine and in the development of herbal medicines for application in the public health system.
... Bombax ceiba is a wild Asian deciduous tree belonging to the family Bombacaceae (Das et al. 2021). The whole plant parts including flowers are used as folk medicine for treatment of various ailments such as healing wound, gastrointestinal and expectorant due to possessing of wide range of phytochemicals (Chaudhary and Khadabadi 2012). ...
Plant mediated synthesis of metallic nanomaterials has emerged as a non-toxic and economical approach to their applications in diverse fields especially in biomedical sciences. Herein, this study first time reporting the use of Bombax ceiba flower extract for synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Initially, SeNPs were confirmed by turning the color of reaction mixtures from light yellow to brick-red. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed spherical shaped nanoparticles with smooth surface, size ranges between 30 and 150 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed 100-150 nm for the distribution of particle size. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed SeNPs crystallinity and confirmed by matching with selenium JCPD card No. 06-362. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra showed presence of pure Se peaks that corroborate the conversion of selenium ions into its elemental form by bio-reduction. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra demonstrated that involvement of-OH, C-H, C=C, and C=O functional groups for SeNPs formation. Raman Spectra peaks at 250 cm −1 represent asymmetric trigonal selenium (t-Se). Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) peaks at 296 and 306 nm which is an indication of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Moreover, maximum antibacterial activity of SeNPs were observed against Staphylococcus aureus-a gram positive bacteria that possess zone of inhibition (ZOI) 20 mm and Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-gram negative bacteria with ZOI 28 mm, respectively, at concentration 100 µg/ml. In addition, the surface functionalities induced through extract components adhere over Se binds with urea and give its detection up to 1mM in milk sample. Conclusively, synthesized SeNPs may function as a potential antibacterial pharmaceutical candidate.
