Figure - uploaded by Janneke M. Schokkenbroek
Content may be subject to copyright.
Hierarchical Regression Analysis with Non-Consensual Sext Forwarding as Outcome Variable
Source publication
Sexting concerns the act of sending, receiving, or forwarding sexually explicit messages or photos (i.e., ‘sexts’) through electronic means. When sexts are received or forwarded without the consent of the original sender, this is called non-consensual sexting. Our study set out to increase our understanding as to why individuals engage in non-conse...
Citations
... The experience of having received a non-consensually forwarded sext (Schokkenbroek, Ponnet, Van Ouytsel, Walrave, & Hardyns, 2023) ...
... Non-consensual Sext Forwarding (a) and Receiving (b)Note.Figure fromSchokkenbroek, Ponnet, Van Ouytsel,Walrave, & Hardyns, 2023. ...
In today’s digital age, the pervasive presence of digital technology (e.g., mobile devices, social media platforms) has profoundly impacted our social lives. These technologies offer many opportunities for the initiation, maintenance, and even the dissolution of romantic relationships, but also introduce challenges. It has become increasingly complex to navigate the intricacies and vulnerabilities inherent to (building) romantic connections in online settings. As a consequence, hurtful experiences may lie in wait. This dissertation provides a thorough exploration of recent research findings, including my own, on various forms of harmful technology use that may occur in adults’ romantic relationships. Specifically, this dissertation focuses on six distinct phenomena: harmful sexting, catfishing, partner phubbing, electronic partner surveillance, online infidelity, and ghosting. Drawing from prior research findings as well as my own, each phenomenon is examined through the lens of (1) its conceptualization, (2) the characteristics of individuals involved in the behaviour, and (3) the underlying mechanisms and motivations driving these harmful technology practices.
... Definitions range from very broad conceptualizations that include all types of visual and written content to specific definitions that include only a specific type of content [1,2], only the act of sending suggestive or sexually explicit images [3], or only the sending of self-made sexually explicit images [4,5]. Despite the diversity of definitions and its consideration as a multidimensional construct reflecting many types of sexting [6], sexting generally refers to the exchange of text messages and/or images with sexually suggestive or explicit content via mobile phones or the Internet [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. ...
... The overall analysis of the presence of sexting in the sample studied showed that most participants had ever sent or received a sext, with receiving being more common than sending, findings consistent with those of previous studies [1,9,18,19]. Recent research in other countries has also found that most respondents had received or sent a sext [12,22,56], with a higher prevalence of sexting than in previous studies [22,56], suggesting that sexting is an increasingly common behavior in the population. ...
Research has shown that sexting is an increasingly common behavior, especially among teens and young adults. However, despite numerous studies, the relevance of sexting to people’s well-being is unclear. The present study seeks to determine the relevance of gender in sexting behavior and its association with psychological well-being and intimate partner violence victimization across the life cycle, from adolescence to old age. This study was cross-sectional, and the sample consisted of 6719 women and men from the general Spanish population who were assessed by six questionnaires measuring sexting behavior, psychological distress, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and intimate partner violence victimization. The results showed that participation in sexting was higher in men than in women at all stages of the life cycle studied, although the differences were not statistically significant among adolescents. Greater sexting behavior was associated with greater intimate partner violence victimization, an association that was stronger for adolescents. And although the magnitude of the association was small, more sexting was also associated with greater psychological distress and lower psychological well-being in all age groups except older women. Our study results allow us to conclude that sexting behavior may pose risks to the well-being of citizens.
... Drugo, posljedice prosljeđivanja tuđeg sadržaja mogu biti negativne za osobu koja je doživjela iskustvo dijeljenja takvog sadržaja bez pristanka (40), ali ne i za osobu koja je proslijedila takav sadržaj. Vrlo često mladi prosljeđivanje vide kao i svaki drugi digitalni sadržaj te ga impulzivno dijele jedni s drugima, budući da smatraju da je takvo ponašanje prihvaćeno unutar vršnjačke skupine (41). ...
... Second, the consequences of forwarding the content of others can be negative for the person who has experienced their content of this type being shared without consent (40), but not for the person who has forwarded it. Very often, young people view forwarding as similar to any other digital content and impulsively share it with others because they believe that such behavior is accepted within their peer group (41). ...
Non-consensual intimate media (NCIM) involves sharing intimate content without the depicted person's consent, including 'revenge porn' and sexually explicit deepfakes. While NCIM has received attention in legal, psychological, and communication fields over the past decade, it is not sufficiently addressed in computing scholarship. This paper addresses this gap by linking NCIM harms to the specific technological components that facilitate them. We introduce the sociotechnical stack , a conceptual framework designed to map the technical stack to its corresponding social impacts. The sociotechnical stack allows us to analyze sociotechnical problems like NCIM, and points toward opportunities for computing research. We propose a research roadmap for computing and social computing communities to deter NCIM perpetration and support victim-survivors through building and rebuilding technologies.
Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) refers to the nonconsensual creating, taking, or sharing of intimate images, including threatening to share images. It can also include coercing someone into sharing intimate images, or sending unwanted intimate images. In recent years, there has been growing attention to the nature, scope, and impacts of IBSA, but comparatively little attention has been paid to the perpetration of these harms. This scoping review consolidates and synthesizes the existing knowledge on the perpetration of IBSA against adults. The review involved a systematic search of scholarly and gray literature across select databases. In total, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2013 and 2023 and reported on findings of a sample of adults over the age of 16 who admitted IBSA perpetration behaviors. The review found that prevalence of subtypes of IBSA varied significantly across the studies. There was consensus that adults who engage in IBSA perpetration are more likely to be men, younger adults, and LGBTIQ+. Motivations were multifaceted, but tended to relate to social rewards, power dynamics, sexual gratification, and retaliatory impulses. Dark Tetrad traits were found to be positively associated with IBSA perpetration. The research also indicates on overlap between victimization and perpetration, as well as an association with other offending behaviors, such as intimate partner violence. Prevention interventions should be focused on changing the opportunities, affordances, and infrastructures for offending, as well as addressing problematic societal attitudes and norms, with early interventions focused on building resilience and self-esteem, and promoting healthy behaviors and respectful relationships.
As romantic relationships in young adulthood (18-25 years) are frequently characterized by experimentation and risk-taking, this could make young adults particularly vulnerable to experience sexual harassment by a dating or committed partner. This study examines young adults' victimization and perpetration experiences of online and in-person sexual harassment with their dating or committed partner, and explores the role of the Dark Triad personality traits. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 458 young adults, 371 of whom were in a romantic relationship (Mage = 20.80, SDage = 1.51, 25.6% men). Our findings revealed that all measured sexual harassment experiences were significantly more prevalent among young adults in dating relationships compared to those in committed relationships. Furthermore, in both relationship types, all online and in-person experiences of sexual harassment were significantly linked, indicating that these harmful experiences occur across contexts. Additionally, all victimization and perpetration experiences were significantly linked in both relationship types, meaning that some young adults were both victim and perpetrator of these behaviours. Lastly, we found that sexual harassment was linked to narcissism in dating relationships, but to Machiavellianism in committed relationships, indicating that different strategies may explain these behaviours.
