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![" Hektor Linksrhein, known as Horand von Grafrath, SZ1 [first in the breed register], " from Max von Stephanitz, Der deutsche Schäferhund in Wort und Bild (6th edition, 1921), p. 131](profile/Edward-Tenner-2/publication/316522740/figure/fig3/AS:487762827714562@1493303128160/Hektor-Linksrhein-known-as-Horand-von-Grafrath-SZ1-first-in-the-breed-register.png)
" Hektor Linksrhein, known as Horand von Grafrath, SZ1 [first in the breed register], " from Max von Stephanitz, Der deutsche Schäferhund in Wort und Bild (6th edition, 1921), p. 131
Source publication
The German Shepherd Dog, one of the most popular breeds of domestic animal, was created between the 1890s and World War I by a circle of enthusiasts in Imperial Germany. The GSD movement was a consciously nationalist program of blending herding breeds from Central Europe to create a single ideal embodying what the founders considered German virtues...
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Citations
... Artificial selection has caused a split in some dog breeds into morphologically and behaviorally divergent breed types. LR, GR, and GSD are examples of such breeds 61,62 . The original function of LR was to retrieve, but during the 1970s this breed became a popular pet dog resulting in divergence in selection goals establishing two types: one bred primarily for conformation or pet use (common type) and one for hunting (gundog) 61 . ...
Canine atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease with clinical similarities to human atopic dermatitis. Several dog breeds are at increased risk for developing this disease but previous genetic associations are poorly defined. To identify additional genetic risk factors for canine atopic dermatitis, we here apply a Bayesian mixture model adapted for mapping complex traits and a cross-population extended haplotype test to search for disease-associated loci and selective sweeps in four dog breeds at risk for atopic dermatitis. We define 15 associated loci and eight candidate regions under selection by comparing cases with controls. One associated locus is syntenic to the major genetic risk locus (Filaggrin locus) in human atopic dermatitis. One selection signal in common type Labrador retriever cases positions across the TBC1D1 gene (body weight) and one signal of selection in working type German shepherd controls overlaps the LRP1B gene (brain), near the KYNU gene (psoriasis). In conclusion, we identify candidate genes, including genes belonging to the same biological pathways across multiple loci, with potential relevance to the pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis. The results show genetic similarities between dog and human atopic dermatitis, and future across-species genetic comparisons are hereby further motivated.
... The German Shepherd is known for its power and strength and is widely used in the military (Tenner 2017). According to Skabelund (2008), German Shepherds became strongly identified with Nazi Germany as well as the rulers in the colonial world during the first half of the twentieth century. ...
This study examines how Otherness is constructed visually in newspaper photographs of the refugee crisis. This visual rhetoric analysis examines the form, content, and function of images and explores the rhetorical strategies deployed in visualizations of the refugee crisis in a mainstream Finnish national newspaper from 2015 to 2016. The data consisted of 1,473 images. The study identified six rhetorical strategies used for dehumanizing refugees: massifying, separating, passivating, demonizing, individualizing, and recontextualizing the Other. The rhetorical strategies in turn constructed four discourses related to refugees, namely those of threat and victimhood aimed at dehumanizing as well as personhood and distance aimed at humanizing the Other. The paper contributes to the current knowledge on dehumanization and humanization of refugees in public discourse by unpacking the subtle visual mechanisms through which these processes occur.
