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Hazard ratios for within-individual associations A Association between prior ADHD or ASD and subsequent EDs. B Association between prior EDs and subsequent ADHD or ASD.
Source publication
Eating disorders (EDs) commonly co-occur with other psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the pattern of family history and genetic overlap among them requires clarification. This study investigated the diagnostic, familial, and genetic ass...
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Citations
... In support for an overlapping vulnerability, AN is more likely to be present in individuals with a family history of autism (Rastam, 2007), and autism is evident in families with a history of AN (Koch et al., 2015). Research also shows that individuals with a sibling diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder (autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD) are at higher risk of developing any feeding and eating disorder (Christiansen et al., 2024). Of specific relevance to this project, individuals with AN were also reported to have had higher autistic polygenic risk scores compared to controls. ...
... Of specific relevance to this project, individuals with AN were also reported to have had higher autistic polygenic risk scores compared to controls. Christiansen et al. (2024) also report that those with a maternal half-sibling with autism were at greater risk of AN. An increased risk of eating disorder psychopathology (eating disorder not otherwise specified) was also noted for individuals who had a cousin with autism, but not those who had a cousin with ADHD (Christiansen et al., 2024). ...
... Christiansen et al. (2024) also report that those with a maternal half-sibling with autism were at greater risk of AN. An increased risk of eating disorder psychopathology (eating disorder not otherwise specified) was also noted for individuals who had a cousin with autism, but not those who had a cousin with ADHD (Christiansen et al., 2024). This emphasises the likelihood of a biological mechanism contributing to the overlapping presentation of autism and AN. ...
There is growing evidence to suggest an overlap between autism spectrum disorder (autism) and anorexia nervosa (AN), both of which are known to be highly heritable conditions. The aim of this study was to explore overlapping behavioural and clinical characteristics, and neurocognitive profiles related to the autism dyad of symptoms among parents. Parents of autistic children, parents of children with AN, and parents of typically developing children completed a battery of behavioural questionnaires and neurocognitive tasks related to social cognition and cognitive flexibility. Parents of autistic children reported significantly more difficulties on imaginative abilities compared to the other two parent groups. Parents of children with AN had superior performance on cognitive flexibility tasks. As expected, and in support of an overlap between the two conditions, increased eating disorder psychopathology was associated with poorer performance on neurocognitive tasks related to the autism dyad. Understanding the overlap between AN and autism has important implications for accurate development of risk profiles, diagnosis, as well as treatment. This is critical as those with overlapping traits of autism and AN have poorer treatment outcomes and are at higher risk of the damaging physical health consequences of AN.
