Fig 2 - uploaded by Bosko Boskovski
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
In the paper are shown results of the mineralogical-petrographical examinations of the trepel as a peculiar sedimentary rock of biogenetic origin from the Suvodol village near Bitola city, Republic of Macedonia. According to the microscopic (in polarizing translucent light), SEM, chemical, X-ray powder data was determined that examined trepel is co...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... trepel deposits were discovered in the Pelagonian depression, Macedonia, at the Suvodol, Brod-Gneotino villages and wider region, cca 15 km eastward from Bitola city (Fig. 1). and the wider region of Bitola city According to the geological map (Fig. 2) for the Selečka mountain (characterized by very complex composition of gneisses, micaschists etc. of Precambrian age) can be seen that the geologicalpetrographical composition of the Suvodol village area is rather simplified as ...
Citations
... Primarily, they assist in the reduction of contaminants by acting as catalysts or adsorbents. Depending on the materials and their properties, several characterization studies had been accomplished , Bogoevski et al., 2016, Reka et al., 2019, Pavlovski et al., 2011, Reka et al., 2012, Bogoevski et al., 2012. Several studies indicate that diatomaceous earth (DE) utilized as a filter have been able to remove microparticles, thus maximizing water quality. ...
The basic parameters of two natural non-metallic raw materials from R.N. Macedonia have been defined: white opalized tuff from the locality of Strmosh and, diatomaceous earth from the locality of Slavishko Pole as potential materials for water filtration. Two different sets of water filtrations were carried out for each material with a previously prepared bentonite clay water suspension with a grain size of below 32 μm. A continuous filtration was performed in a column with a well-defined flow, and discontinuous flow under static conditions, i.e. diffusion active system. The percentage of retained clay grains was estimated, namely, by means of continuous filtration with white opalized tuff the percentage of retained clay particles was 12.88%, and 35.00% when diatomaceous earth was used as a filtration material. The filtration capacity under dynamic conditions for diatomaceous earth was 0.028 g/g material, and 0.011 g/g material for white opalized tuff.
... It represents a mixture of diatomite and clay minerals. It constitutes a biogenetic rock; grayish, soft, very light, weakly cemented, finely opal sedimentary rock [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. ...
The raw diatomaceous earth from the vicinity of Bitola (North Macedonia)
showed low bulk density (0.61-0.69 g/cm3), high-water absorption (75-81%)
and porosity (66- 72%). The chemical composition was determined with ICP-MS,
revealing the following results for the diatomaceous earth: SiO2 (63.69
wt%), Al2O3 (11.79 wt%), Fe2O3 (5.95 wt%), MnO (0.15 wt%), TiO2 (0.65 wt%),
CaO (1.51 wt%), MgO (2.24 wt%), P2O5 (0.13 wt%), K2O (1.64 wt%), Na2O (0.93
wt%), LOI (11.21 wt%). XRPD data of the examined sample of clayey diatomite
mainly depicted crystalline behavior with a small presence of amorphous
phase. The crystalline mineral phases mainly comprise: silica (quartz),
feldspars (plagioclase), mica (muscovite), chlorites and dolomite. SEM and
TEM results show cased presence of micro- and nanostructures with pores
ranging from 250 to 600 nm. The clayey diatomite was sintered at three
temperatures (900, 1000 and 1100ºC) for a period of 1 h. XRPD of the
sintered samples at 1100ºC showed certain thermal stability and formation of
new phases (mullite and tridymite) that makes the analyzed diatomaceous
earth suitable for production of various types of ceramic, construction and
thermal insulating materials.
... The examined clayey diatomite from the village Suvodol is true proof of the continuity of living microorganisms (of phytogenic origin) after the sedimentation of plant products responsible for the formation of coal seams in the former Miocene-Pliocene lake basin. This sedimentary complex, composed of ash and coal, is a de facto biogenic-sedimentary formation (Pavlovski et al., 2011;Cekova et al., 2013;Reka et al., 2016Reka et al., , 2019b. ...
... X-ray clayey diatomite analysis determined: opal, quartz, illite-hydromica structures, feldspars (plagioclase, K-feldspars) and chlorites (Pavlovski et al., 2011;Cekova et al., 2013). ...
This paper compares the percentage of removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions with pure diatomite and clayey diatomite. To characterize the adsorbents, the following analyses were performed: classical silicate chemical, differential thermal and thermogravimetric, X-ray dispersive, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model (as, m2/g) was used to determine the specific area. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method and UV/Vis spectrophotometric analysis were used to determine the concentration before and after the Cr(VI) adsorption process. A series of experiments was performed to determine the point of zero charge. The influence of pH was also examined, and we obtained the best results at low pH values. At an initial concentration of Cr(VI) ions of 0.5 mg/L and a pH equal to 2, the best results were shown by the clayey diatomite, where the percentage of removal is 100%, while the diatomite is 28%. So the used natural raw material clayey diatomite at low cost is an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) ions.
... X-ray analysis was performed on DRON X-ray diffractometer (2θ = 2-60 o ; UA = 38 kV; IA = 18 mA; 1 o /min.; CuKα/Ni). Chemical composition of the raw materials was defined by silicate chemical analysis (Zafirovski et al., 1974;Bogoevski et al., 2014;Reka et al., 2014;Pavlovski et al., 2011). The quantities of trace elements were determined by ICP-AES analysis (Varian 715-ES). ...
The aim of this research is characterization of the calcite raw material from two microlocalities: Sušički Most and Gorna Banjica near Gostivar. The properties of the calcite raw materials were defined applying complex examinations. XRD analysis determined the presence of calcite and dolomite as basic mineral phases, which was confirmed by optical transmission microscopy. The dominant content of CaCO3 was defined by chemical analysis. ICP-AES analysis confirmed a high degree of purity of the raw materials. DTA/TGA correlate with other analyses. Some basic physical properties of the raw materials were also determined. Additionally, the parameters of the mechanical preparation have been optimized. According to the presented results, the calcite materials which have very similar composition and approximately the same properties have a wide spectrum of application possibilities.
... Përbërja kimike e mostrave të trepelit nga dy depozita të ndryshme në Bulgari [24] Mostra nga [25] . ...
... Hartë gjeologjike e fshatit Suvodol [25] ...
ABSTRACT
Njomza Buxhaku, Arianit A. Reka, Blagoj Pavlovski
Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, State University of Tetovo, str. Illinden n.n.,
1200 Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of St. Cyril and Methodius, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
The aim of this research was to obtain porous ceramics as a result of the interaction of trepell(diatomaceous earth) with calcium hydroxide. The trepell was used as a raw material from a place called Gneotino, near the city of Manastir. After preparing various mixtures of trepel and calcium hydroxide, the samples were autoclaved at 135 °C for 180 minutes and it was concluded that the product of the hydrothermal reaction is a light material with a bulk density of 0.80 g/cm3, porosity of 54% and compressive strength (under optimal conditions 23% Ca(OH)2) of 11.16 MPa. Mineralogical analysis (XRPD) of the product shows the formation of new phase calcium hydro silicate as a result of which the material has high compressive strength.
Microscopic analysis (SEM) confirms the data of mineralogical analysis, here the composition of the product (calcium hydro silicate) is confirmed and the morphological change that the material has undergone is noticed. Based on these results we come to a conclusion that the product obtained under hydrothermal conditions at a temperature of 135 ° C for a period of 180 minutes represents porous ceramic material and as such it can be used as a material for various uses in construction and thermal insulation material.
Keywords: trepell, diatomaceous earth, CSH, SEM, XRPD
... Republic of North Macedonia is very diverse in various non-metallic raw materials including diatomite, clayey diatomaceous earth, bentonite, dolomite, pumice, perlite, granite, quartzite, tuffs, etc., that have extensive usage and application (Spasovski and Spasovski., 2012;Makreski et al., 2009;Jovanovski et al., 2012;Memedi et al., 2016aMemedi et al., , 2016bMemedi et al., , 2016cMemedi et al., , 2017Reka et al., 2014Reka et al., , 2018Reka et al., , 2019Pavlovski et al., 2011Pavlovski et al., , 2018Boškovski et al., 2015;Bogoevski et al., 2014;Cekova et al., 2013). Diatomite also known as kieselguhr is biogenic sedimentary rock composed of the opaline frustules of diatoms (Eldernawi et al., 2014;Smirnov et al., 2017;Ediz et al., 2010;Ilia et al., 2009). ...
... Smaller quantities of DE were mined in 23 other countries [35]. North Macedonia fits in this group being rich in DE and other silica-based materials (trepel, perlite, pumice, etc.) [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] with a wide scope of potential utilization and application. The economic benefit of using DE from North Macedonia is based on its fine microstructure and, more importantly, because of the presence of non-crystalline (amorphous) phase. ...
The diatomaceous earth (DE), collected from the Mariovo region in North Macedonia, was characterized and thermally modified. The material represents a sedimentary rock of biogenic origin, soft solid that can be easily disintegrated, with white to grayish color, with bulk density of 0.51–0.55 g/cm3, total porosity of 61–63%, and specific gravity of 2.25 g/cm3. The chemical composition is as follows: SiO2, 86.03; Al2O3, 3.01; Fe2O3, 2.89; MnO, 0.06; TiO2, 0.20; CaO, 0.76; MgO, 0.28; K2O, 0.69; Na2O, 0.19; P2O5, 0.15; and loss of ignition, 5.66 (wt%). The mineralogy of the raw DE is characterized by the predominant presence of amorphous phase, followed by crystalline quartz, muscovite, kaolinite, and feldspar. Significant changes in the opal phase are observed in the 1,000–1,200°C temperature region. At 1,100°C, the entire opal underwent solid–solid transition to cristobalite. Further ramp of the temperature (1,100–1,200°C) induced formation of mullite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy depict the presence of micro- and nanostructures with pores varying from 260 to 650 nm. SEM analysis further determined morphological changes in terms of the pore diameters shrinkage to 120–250 nm in comparison to the larger pores found in the initial material. The results from this investigation improve the understanding of mechanism of silica phase transition and the relevant phase alterations that took place in DE upon calcination temperatures from 500 to 1,200°C.
... Republic of North Macedonia is rich in natural inorganic materials such as clayey diatomite (Pavlovski et al. 2011;Cekova et al. 2013;Reka et al. 2016Reka et al. , 2019b, perlites (Reka et al. 2019a), and diatomite (Reka et al. 2014) that represent industrial minerals which could be used to successfully remove various metal ions from aqueous solutions. ...
The clayey diatomite from the village of Suvodol (Bitola region) used in this research has shown to be a very effective and efficient natural material for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Cr(VI) ions onto a clayey diatomite was shown to occur very efficiently with 96.7%. During the experiments the effect of operating parameters, such as amount of adsorbent (0.5–5.5 g/l), initial adsorbate concentration (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mg/l), and time of adsorption (5–180 min) at pH of the solution 3, was examined. It was found that 2.5 g/l is optimal adsorbent dosage for maximal removal of Cr(VI) ions. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAC) method and UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis are used for quantitative monitoring of the dynamics of the studied system regarding the presence of Cr(VI) ions in the model solutions. The effect of the initial concentration and quantity of adsorbent is examined, in order to determine the conditions that enable maximum removal of Cr(VI) ions with clayey diatomite. For the purpose of modeling the equilibrium, the kinetics, and dynamics of the tested system of the process of elimination of Cr(VI) ions with the raw material in different operating conditions, MATLAB/Curve Fitting Toolbox was conducted.
... Chemical composition was defined by silicate chemical analysis (Zafirovski et al., 1974;Bogoevski et al., 2014;Reka et al., 2014;Pavlovski et al., 2011). Existing minerals were determined on a DRON X-ray diffractometer (2θ = 2-60 o ; UA = 38 kV; IA = 18 mA; 1 o /min.; CuKα/Ni). ...
The examined bentonite clay contains montmorillonite as a basic mass. As an admixtures it containes quartz, illite and other minerals. The admixtures are inhomogeneously distributed in various particle size fractions. The subject of this research is concentration and separation of existing admixtures from bentonite clay (-0.063 mm), a commercial product of Bentomak. Wet sieve analysis and elutriation were applied as separation methods. In order to define the efficiency of the methods, a complex examination for characterization of the fractions was realized. Simultaneous review of the results of XRD, microscopic examinations and chemical analysis indicates that in the finest fraction (-0.032 mm) the concentration of the admixures is smaller for 80% than in the other fractions.
... The coal has lower degree of wood carbonization. Dominantly contains fine fraction of coal fragments, then fragments of coal clay and coal tailings [22,23]. Chemical composition of the air sediment is presented in Table 4. Contents of trace elements are presented in Table 5. ...
Contamination of soil by air sediment emitted from coal based thermal power plants is one of the basic ecological issue. The aim of this research is to define the impact of production of REK Bitola on the soils from defined microlocality in Pelagonia basin. Chemical, mineralogical and granulometric analyses were performed upon the soil samples. Also basic physical properties of the soil are determined. The chemical composition of the air sediment was also determined. According to the measured values and statistical data of REK Bitola, an average cumulative deposited quantity of air sediment is calculated, as well as the cumulative deposited quantity of trace elements in soil. The deposited air sediment has a negative impact on some of the basic physical and chemical properties of soil, but has no significant effect on the change in porosity and soil properties resulting from it.
