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Geological and geographical settings. 1: overview of the geological situation; 2: sampling area of Sample 3a/3c; 3: sampling area of Sample 2. Images show the globular granite blocks in the lower area and the fine, gray marl of the "Ottnanger Schlier".
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The newly collected shark and ray tooth fossils from the marine sediments of the Upper Marine Molasse close to Allerding (4.8 km SE of Schärding, Austria) allow for a review of the hitherto known diversity comprising a taxonomic update and the documentation of additional taxa. Besides ten taxa already known from the area, the following taxa were co...
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... the years 2014 to 2017, we sampled five times at the northern part of the granite pit (48.419612° N, 13.481296° E) ( Fig. 1.1). In this area of the pit, regular blasts were conducted for granite mining. The larger part of sampling was conducted in the overlaying marly clays of the granite blocks (ca. 0 -50 cm, Figs 1.2, 1.3) and additionally from filling material between the blocks. In detail, the following samples were taken: sample 1 (S1, collected by ...
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... clays of the overlaying Ottnanger Schlier. Here microfossil-rich layers characterized by echinoderm fossils were preferred. Sample 2 (S2, collected by Jürgen PollersPöck): mixed sample from sediments collected from filling material in gaps between granite blocks (ca. 35 kg) as well as the overlaying layers of the Ottnanger Schlier (ca. 65 kg, Fig. ...
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... 3a/3c (S3a/3c, collected by Jürgen PollersPöck): sample collected from the layers of the Ottnanger Schlier (600 kg, Fig. 1.2) overlaying the granite blocks. Sample 3b (S3b, collected by Jürgen PollersPöck): sample taken from sediments filling gaps between granite blocks (20 ...
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... Euprotomicrus Gill, 1865a (Fig. 3.3), 1.6 mm ( Fig. 3.4), 1.3 mm ( Fig. 3.1); 1.3 mm ( Fig. 3.2); Width: 0.5 mm (Fig. 3.3), 1.0 mm ( Fig. 3.4), 0.5 mm ( Fig. 3.1), 0.8 mm ( Fig. 3.2). D e s c r i p t i o n : Lower jaw teeth are labio-lingually compressed; the cusp is very strongly distally inclined, a well developed distal talon is present. A single central foramen is available on the lingual side. The labial ...
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... Euprotomicrus Gill, 1865a (Fig. 3.3), 1.6 mm ( Fig. 3.4), 1.3 mm ( Fig. 3.1); 1.3 mm ( Fig. 3.2); Width: 0.5 mm (Fig. 3.3), 1.0 mm ( Fig. 3.4), 0.5 mm ( Fig. 3.1), 0.8 mm ( Fig. 3.2). D e s c r i p t i o n : Lower jaw teeth are labio-lingually compressed; the cusp is very strongly distally inclined, a well developed distal talon is present. A single central foramen is available on the lingual side. The labial overlapping area is reaching to the basis of the square root ( Fig. 3.3). On the ...
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... i z e : NHMW 2018/0309/0031: Height: +7.4 mm; Width: +6.5 mm ( comPaGno & follett (1986) and caPPetta (2012) the genus Odontaspis can be distinguished from the genus Carcharias in having no or only a weakly sigmoidal profile of anterior teeth (caPPetta 2012: fig. 192), up to three pairs of lateral cusplets (vs. up to two pairs in Carcharias), a distinctly concave basal edge of the root, a distinctly reduced upper parasymphysial tooth, an upper symphyseal tooth (usually absent in Carcharias), two rows of upper anterior teeth on either side of symphysis (vs. three rows in Carcharias), lateral teeth ...
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... an ontogenetic heterodonty as described for O. megalodon (Pimiento et al. 2010), can be excluded. A dignathic heterodonty can be excluded as well, as upper (Supplement Table 2: Figs 2, 5, 9, 12, 15) and lower jaw teeth (Supplement Table 2: Figs 1, 14) show or do not show cusplets. A disjunct heterodonty can further not be taken into account, as anterior (Supplement Table 2: Fig. 1) as well as posterior teeth (Supplement BrzoBoHatý & ScHultz (1971, 1973, BrzoBoHatý et al. (1975) chubutensis specimens with or without cusplets exist. ...
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... described for O. megalodon (Pimiento et al. 2010), can be excluded. A dignathic heterodonty can be excluded as well, as upper (Supplement Table 2: Figs 2, 5, 9, 12, 15) and lower jaw teeth (Supplement Table 2: Figs 1, 14) show or do not show cusplets. A disjunct heterodonty can further not be taken into account, as anterior (Supplement Table 2: Fig. 1) as well as posterior teeth (Supplement BrzoBoHatý & ScHultz (1971, 1973, BrzoBoHatý et al. (1975) chubutensis specimens with or without cusplets exist. This suggestion is shared by bracher et al. (2019), which report that 60 % of teeth collected at the deposits in the lower Miocene deposits Rengetsweiler and Ursendorf show ...
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The sandpit near Rengetsweiler (Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany) is a famous locality for fossil shark and ray teeth from the Upper Marine Molasse (Lower Miocene). A total of 21 shark and ray genera were recovered from these sediments (Aetobatus, Alopias, Araloselachus, Carcharhinus, Carcharias, Carcharodon, Centrophorus, ?Dasyatis, Galeocerdo, Hemipristis, Isistius, Isurus, Mitsukurina, Notorynchus, Otodus (Megaselachus), Pachyscyllium, Physogaleus, Pseudocarcharias, Rhizoprionodon, Squatina, ?Triakis) as well as four specimens determinable as cf. Dasyatidae. The genera Araloselachus, Carcharoides, Otodus (Megaselachus), Pachyscyllium, and Physogaleus are extinct; all other taxa have living relatives. Based on extant representatives, the lifestyles of the ancient elasmobranchs range from a bottom-dwelling ambush predator (Squatina) to active swimming ones (Alopias, Carcharodon, Isurus, Otodus). Most of the taxa lived in the neritic realm. Members of Centrophorus, Isistius, Mitsukurina, and Pseudocarcharias are reconstructed as inhabitants of deeper water habitats. Based on Recent representatives and tooth shape, most of the taxa fed on invertebrates and/or fishes. Two taxa were dietary generalists (Galeocerdo, Notorynchus). Otodus fed on marine mammals. Carcharodon and adult Isurus also fed on marine mammals, in addition to fishes. Apart from the genera Centrophorus, Isistius, Mitsukurina, and Pseudocarcharias, the composition of the elasmobranch fauna as well as other fossil remnants and sedimentology indicate a fully marine, warm temperate and shallow water environment at the locality in the Lower Miocene. The normally deep-water taxa probably came occasionally into the shallow sea of Rengetsweiler.
