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Introduction: On the verge of reaching their first quarter of a century, the digital news media in Spain continue with their unstoppable growth. This research presents an updated map, as of March 2018, of digital news media in Spain. Methodology: It identifies and analyses a sample including 3,431 digital media, identified thanks to a thorough revi...
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Context 1
... of the 1,809 media that combined the web with another platform, most of them were linked to radio stations, with 869 (48%) cases, and printed publications, with 755 (41.7%). Digital media associated with a television station totaled 224 (12.4%), while those having applications for mobile phone and/or tablets totaled 437 cases (24.1%), almost a fifth of the total (this group exceeds 100% because, as we indicated, certain digital media were published in three and even four platforms simultaneously). The significant evolution in use of applications, a platform that didn't exist in the census of 2005, stands out as an issue that would need to be studied more thoroughly. in 2018 by complementary platforms ...
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... Página 1044 In the following map (Figure 1) we show the territorial distribution of digital media from their geo- localization. The map does not include all of the 3,065 active digital media, but just 2,492, 81.3% of the total of registered publications. The reason is that only in this four-fifths of the total was it possible to obtain the postal code of the digital media headquarters, a data point needed to elaborate the map. In any case, despite not reflecting all of active digital media, the map clearly shows a greater concentration of digital publications in those autonomous communities of higher population and, in particular, around the main ...
Citations
... For this study, which is part of an ongoing project (Salaverría, Martínez-Costa and Breiner, 2018), our group of researchers established and updated the criteria for searching for and classifying active digital news sites in Spain. Our unit of analysis was as follows: a news/editorial outlet with an autonomous brand identity and content, located in Spanish territory or with a specific edition for Spain, which was updated with new editorial content at least once in the three months prior to observation. ...
Digital media have become an integral part of the journalism industry and of audience habits – in 2021 our research registered 2873 active news websites in Spain. First, this paper explores trends facing online news; it sets out the criteria used to identify a news brand as digital-native or non-native; and it presents the results of our classification. This includes: data on the presence of news titles both on proprietary platforms (print, radio, TV or app) in addition to their websites, and on external platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and Telegram); their geographic scope (hyperlocal, local/regional or national/global); their subject (general or specialized coverage); and on ownership and lan-guage used. Almost 70% of the media were regional or local, while 60% covered general news, and one in three were linked to a print product, almost as many as those with their own app for users. Social media uptake is so widespread that more than 95% of the sites are on Facebook, with a similar number on Twitter, while more than 60% can be found on YouTube, and similarly on Instagram. Among specialized sites, sport is the largest cate-gory, comprising twice as many digital-native sites (106) than sites with traditional roots (46). The entertainment focus expands in the digital environment, and online-originated culture, business and science and technology outlets also outnumber legacy publications.
... In Spain the map of digital-native media rose from representing 9.1% of all digital media in 2005 to 35.1% in 2018. In that year 3,065 active digital media were identified, of which 1,077 were digital-natives (Salaverría, Martínez-Costa, & Breiner, 2018). These figures have resulted in the development of digital-native media acquiring positive connotations, and to their being explored as an alternative to mainstream media. ...
... With respect to the limitations of the study, an analysis of four cases is not a basis for generalization, but this exploration of their activity could be extended to the rest of the media that form part of the census drawn up by Salaverría et al. (2018). Additionally, we suggest pursuing the qualitative approaches that make it possible to know how legacy media journalists and audiences perceive the work developed by the online-native media, identify the causes of the fall in social media traffic, and even suggest prospective studies that make it possible to determine whether online-native media will end up forming part of legacy media in the future. ...
During the last few years online-only media have been explored as an alternative to mainstream media. The development of this new media model coincides in time with an increase in dependence on social networks. Online media editors estimate that one third of their visits proceed from Facebook, a figure that obliges them to create specific strategies to ensure their company's reputation and growth in the 2.0 field. The aim of this article is to assess what motivates Spanish digital-native newspapers to act on social networks, analyse their internal view of these channels, and describe their strategies for managing their relationship with audiences. Based on a qualitative and longitudinal approach, we conducted in-depth interviews with the social media editors of the most relevant digital-native newspapers in Spain-El Confidencial, Eldiario.es, El Español and El HuffPost-during 2017 and 2019, in order to trace the evolution of their professional routines. These social media editors consider that although digital-native newsrooms are smaller than traditional ones, they are more agile in reacting to metrics. Our results also confirm that Instagram is generating great expectations, and the new paywall system is affecting the way audiences are understood.
... Un estudio cuantitativo reciente de los cibermedios en España, publicado por Salaverría et al. (2018), ha localizado 3.431 medios digitales a fecha marzo de 2018, de los cuales 3.065 estaban activos (es decir, se habían actualizado al menos una vez en los últimos tres meses). Entre estos medios se sitúa MARCA Plus, un proyecto de Unidad Editorial que, desde 2014 y con una periodicidad quincenal, se convierte en un caso de interés principal debido al empleo frecuente de elementos propios del juego en sus contenidos. ...
Cada vez son más los medios de comunicación que recurren a elementos propios del juego para potenciar la interactividad de su producto, fomentar el consumo de contenidos informativos, destacar la publicidad o atraer a una audiencia más joven. Este trabajo pretende evidenciar los elementos y dinámicas de juego que utiliza la revista nativa digital MARCA Plus, publicación multideporte que destaca por su diseño y la adopción de narrativas audiovisuales novedosas. Los resultados muestran la presencia de estos elementos en todos los soportes en los que se ofrece, con una media de juegos por ejemplar muy reducida, asociados todos a contenidos informativos. El juego más empleado es el test deportivo y la media de lectores/usuarios jugadores supera los 200.000, de los cuales más del 60% los completa, con una duración media de más de un minuto, si bien no generan conversación posterior en Redes Sociales.
In this study, we evaluated the differences between national and local newspapers coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain using a dataset of 421,438 Facebook posts. We assessed the trends in the interest in COVID-19 of local and national newspapers, measured as the proportion of COVID-19 news; and also, the trends in the interest of their readers, measured as the proportion of interactions related to COVID-19. While the overall interest in COVID-19 in local and national newspapers was similar and high, some differences were observed between several of the pandemic phases. National news media interest was higher during the long central phases of the pandemic, but certain news fatigue was observed by the end of 2021. Local news media interest seemed more constant throughout the pandemic. Surprisingly, the overall interest of national and local newspapers was consistently lower than the interest of their readers. Our study also shows homogenous responses among local newspapers during the key phases of the pandemic and heterogeneous responses in the remaining phases. Finally, we found that in the case of local media, their news and interactions were more correlated with the national epidemiological indicators (i.e., cases and deaths) than with the local indicators.
The COVID-19 has caused not just an unprecedented sanitary crisis but a social crisis, which has affected, among many other fields, the local journalism, which had to adapt to meet the public’s information needs about coronavirus. In this study we analyzed the evolution of local news about COVID-19 in Spain throughout the pandemic by examining local news articles in social media. Using a unique dataset of over 230k Facebook posts published by Spanish local media organizations during 2020 and 2021, we found evidence that the interest of local media in COVID-19, measured as the proportion of the news related to COVID-19, changed as the pandemic evolved. Our results also show that the interest that local media readers had in COVID-19, measured as the proportion Facebook interactions related to COVID-19, was even higher, and also evolved during the pandemic. Although the interest in COVID-19 of local media and their readers essentially progressed in parallel, we also identified some periods in which they behaved differently. While a fatigue with COVID-19 related news would be expected after 2 years of pandemic, a clear decrease of interest was not observed neither in journalists nor in readers.
Since the mid-1990s, many journalistic initiatives have entered the online environment, either as a continuation of brands already consolidated in conventional formats or as native projects of the new medium. In Spain, the online media scene has just completed its first quarter century of life. This said, the aim of this proposal is to present the evolution of the digital native media in Spain in order to compare their current situation with European success stories. For that purpose, we have conducted a comparative case study between three highlighted Spanish digital native news outlets and three from other European countries. The results show a progressive shift towards a member-funded model, while news outlets try to reduce their dependence on advertising. However, the three European natives seem to be more advanced compared to the Spanish cases as these remain still dependent on advertising revenues to stand upright. Furthermore, two models of participation stand out: the user community and, in particular, the model of collaboration networks. Nevertheless, the study reveals how the analyzed European news outlets are changing the role of the reader through innovative forms of participatory interactivity.
