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General Background Characteristics of the Sampled Articles

General Background Characteristics of the Sampled Articles

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Contemporary psychologists in the Arabic-speaking world remain deeply concerned with many of the same foundational issues that have impeded the development of sustainable research traditions since at least the 1950s. As a means of assessing historical and current trends in regional research practices, the project reported in this article employs a...

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Context 1
... the articles, 6 were removed from the sample and replaced through random selection as 4 revealed themselves to be nonempirical and 2 empirical studies did not include enough information about the method and measures to enable a reliable analysis. The research represented in our final sample of 99 articles fell roughly under the subfields listed in Table 1. The articles were published in 64 dif- ferent journals, the majority of which were American (48%) followed by European (25%), international (14%), and Arab regional journals that publish in English (11%). ...
Context 2
... the interrater scores are acceptable, especially for such a complex measure. Table 1 presents background information about the 99 sampled articles. A large major- ity of the authors (88%) used quantitative methods as the only method employed, relying predominantly on test and scale administration. ...
Context 3
... total of 89 articles (88%) employed quantitative methods, and of these articles, 92% employed paper-and-pencil self-report measures or surveys. Very low frequencies of the remaining quantitative methods were observed, including experimen- tal, quasi-experimental, and archival methods (see Table 1). The frequency of the methods employed is an important context for interpreting the rest of the items in the quantitative meth- ods section. ...

Citations

... . (Markus & Kitayama,1991) (Ahmed & Gielen, 1998) ‫وغيلني‬ ‫أحمد‬ ‫وا‬ ،)1994( ‫أحر�ساو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هم:‬ ‫االجتاه‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫عن‬ ّ ‫عرب‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ، (Zebian, et al., 2007) ‫ـا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ؤه‬ ‫ـالو‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وزم‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ذبي‬ ‫ـر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫و�سم‬ ، (Ahmed, 2004) ‫ـد‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أحم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ورم�س‬ ،(Abou Hatab, 1992Hatab, , 1993 ...
Article
تهدف ورقة البحث هذه إلى ما يأتي: (أ) تسليط الضوء على الأسس الثقافية للسلوك والتفكير التي بيّنتها البحوث الحديثة في مجال علم النفس والثقافة، (ب) مقارنة تقييمية للتوجهات الرئيسة الثلاثة التي أفرزها البحث والتنظير في هذا المجال والمتمثّلة بعلم النفس عبر الثقافي، وعلم النفس الثقافي، وعلم النفس المحلي (المؤصّل ثقافيًّا) (indigenous psychology)؛ (ج) استطلاع واقع البحث النفسي العربي في علاقته بالثقافة العربية؛ و(د) مراجعة نماذج من البحوث النفسية الثقافية التي تضمنت عينات عربية في مجالات محورية من ميدان الثقافة وعلم النفس. المنهجية: تم الاعتماد على مراجعة للبحوث النظرية والإمبريقية التي جرت في مجال علم نفس الثقافة، والمتصلة بالأهداف السابقة. النتائج: تقدّم التوجهات الثلاثة إسهاماتها الخاصة، كما تقدم إسهامات مشتركة في الدراسة النفسية للثقافة، وتقدم البحوث فيها أدلة متينة على أن المعرفة والسلوك يتأثران تأثرًا بالغًا بالثقافة؛ ويظهر إجماع بين فئة من ذوي الخبرة الأكاديمية، إضافة إلى بعض الأدلة الإمبريقية، على افتقار البحث العربي في علم النفس إلى الصلة المنشودة بالثقافة العربية؛ وتدل الدراسات الثقافية التي تمت مراجعتها على وجود عناصر سيكولوجية تجمع الثقافة العربية بكل من الثقافتين الشرق آسيوية والغربية، في آن. الخلاصة: أدّى التركيز على دور الثقافة في تشكّل الإنسان سيكولوجيًّا إلى انعطافة في البحث والتنظير النفسيين على صعيد عالمي؛ مما يستدعي تركيزًا مماثلًا في البحث النفسي في العالم العربي. المصطلحات الرئيسة: الثقافة وعلم النفس، علم النفس عبر الثقافي، علم النفس الثقافي، علم النفس المحلي/المؤصل ثقافيًّا، منظور نفسي للثقافة العربية.
... Most available translations use written modern standard Arabic, which can diverge from dialects spoken in different regions, leading to issues for standardization, validity, and reliability of measures. Since the majority of research involving Arabic-speaking people relies on self-report measures developed and normed internationally, it is essential that careful considerations are incorporated in decisions around translation, adaptation, and norming, to ensure methodological validity and reliability of implementation [5,7]. ...
... Higher scores indicate more psychosocial distress. The CPDS has robust cross-cultural construct validity [4] and has been validated in Burundi samples, with an optimal cut-off of 8, with diagnostic sensitivity between 0.84 and 0.94 and specificity between 0.60 and 0.75 [7]. In Lebanon, we developed probes directly from findings of a rapid qualitative assessment [16], using the Arabic words used by respondents. ...
Article
Full-text available
Background In humanitarian settings, brief screening instruments for child psychological distress have potential to assist in assessing prevalence, monitoring outcomes, and identifying children and adolescents in most need of scarce resources, given few mental health professionals for diagnostic services. Yet, there are few validated screening tools available, particularly in Arabic. Methods We translated and adapted the Child Psychosocial Distress Screener (CPDS) and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) and conducted a validation study with 85 adolescents (aged 10–15) in Lebanon. We assessed internal consistency; test-retest reliability; convergent validity between adolescent- and caregiver-report and between the two measures; ability to distinguish between clinical and non-clinical samples; and concurrent validity against psychiatrist interview using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Results The translated and adapted child-reported PSC-17 and PSC-35, and caregiver-reported PSC-35 all showed adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability and high concurrent validity with psychiatrist interview and were able to distinguish between clinical and non-clinical samples. However, the caregiver-reported PSC-17 did not demonstrate adequate performance in this setting. Child-reported versions of the PSC outperformed caregiver-reported versions and the 35-item PSC scales showed stronger performance than 17-item scales. The CPDS showed adequate convergent validity with the PSC, ability to distinguish between clinical and non-clinical samples, and concurrent validity with psychiatrist interview. Internal consistency was low for the CPDS, likely due to the nature of the brief risk-screening tool. There were discrepancies between caregiver and child-reports, worthy of future investigation. For indication of any diagnosis requiring treatment, we recommend cut-offs of 5 for CPDS, 12 for child-reported PSC-17, 21 for child-reported PSC-35, and 26 for caregiver-reported PSC-35. Conclusions The Arabic PSC and CPDS are reliable and valid instruments for use as primary screening tools in Lebanon. Further research is needed to understand discrepancies between adolescent and caregiver reports, and optimal methods of using multiple informants.
... . (Markus & Kitayama,1991) (Ahmed & Gielen, 1998) ‫وغيلني‬ ‫أحمد‬ ‫وا‬ ،)1994( ‫أحر�ساو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هم:‬ ‫االجتاه‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫عن‬ ّ ‫عرب‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ، (Zebian, et al., 2007) ‫ـا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ؤه‬ ‫ـالو‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وزم‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ذبي‬ ‫ـر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫و�سم‬ ، (Ahmed, 2004) ‫ـد‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أحم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ورم�س‬ ،(Abou Hatab, 1992Hatab, , 1993 ...
Article
تهدف ورقة البحث هذه إلى ما يلي: ( أ) تسليط الضوء على الأسس الثقافية للسلوك والتفكير التي بيّنتها البحوث الحديثة في مجال علم النفس والثقافة، (ب) مقارنة تقييمية للتوجهات الرئيسية الثلاثة التي أفرزها البحث والتنظير في هذا المجال والمتمثّلة بعلم النفس عبر الثقافي ، وعلم النفس الثقافي ، وعلم النفس المحلي (المؤصّل ثقافياً) (indigenous psychology) ؛ (ج) استطلاع واقع البحث النفسي العربي في علاقته بالثقافة العربية؛ و(د) مراجعة نماذج من البحوث النفسية الثقافية التي تضمنت عينات عربية في مجالات محورية من ميدان الثقافة وعلم النفس. المنهجية : تم الاعتمادعلى مراجعة للبحوث النظرية والإمبريقية التي جرت في مجال علم نفس الثقافة، والمتصلة بالأهداف السابقة. النتائج: تقدّم التوجهات الثلاثة إسهاماتها الخاصة، كما تقدم إسهامات مشتركة في الدراسة النفسية للثقافة، وتقدم البحوث فيها أدلة متينة على أن المعرفة والسلوك يتأثران تأثراً بالغاً بالثقافة؛ ويظهر إجماع بين فئة من ذوي الخبرة الأكاديمية، إضافة إلى بعض الأدلة الإمبريقية، على افتقار البحث العربي في علم النفس إلى الصلة المنشودة بالثقافة العربية؛ وتدل الدراسات الثقافية التي تمت مراجعتها على وجود عناصر سيكولوجية تجمع الثقافة العربية بكل من الثقافتين الشرق آسيوية والغربية، في آن . الخلاصة : أدّى التركيز على دور الثقافة في تشكّل الإنسان سيكولوجياً إلى انعطافة في البحث والتنظير النفسيين على صعيد عالمي، مما يستدعي تركيزاً مماثلاً في البحث النفسي في العالم العربي . المصطلحات الرئيسية: الثقافة وعلم النفس، علم النفس عبر الثقافي، علم النفس الثقافي، علم النفس المحلي /المؤصل ثقافياً، النسبية الثقافية، الفردية والجماعية، البحث النفسي في العالم العربي، منظور نفسي للثقافة العربية.
... It suffers from difficult social-political conditions, which social psychological research can potentially help address, including tense intergroup conflicts and wars, foreign control and military occupations, authoritarianism, corruption, and deep social inequalities. However, Arab populations remain underrepresented in the international psychological literature (e.g., Smith et al., 2001;Zebian et al., 2007). A 5-year review of international psychological research in the early 21st century (Sanchez-Sosa & Riveros, 2007) found 798 articles from 19 Arab countries, approximately what South Africa and Brazil produced each individually. ...
... It has been argued that an appropriate local psychology must involve healthy forms of self-reliance and methodological validity and be responsive to the needs of the societies it studies (Adams et al., 2015;Moghaddam & Taylor, 1986;Zebian et al., 2007). This includes adopting culturally sensitive practices (e.g., drawing on regional research), studying diverse samples using diverse methods, as well as critically applying theories, concepts, and methods imported from the west, allowing for both indigenization and innovation. ...
... This includes adopting culturally sensitive practices (e.g., drawing on regional research), studying diverse samples using diverse methods, as well as critically applying theories, concepts, and methods imported from the west, allowing for both indigenization and innovation. In the first and only empirical assessment of research practices by Arab psychologists in the international literature, Zebian et al. (2007) examined psychological articles produced between 1950 and 2004, 40% of which in social/political psychology (Zebian et al., 2007). The authors found most studies were quantitative and correlational, without domination of university student samples but with overall low levels of cultural sensitivity, heavy reliance on western theories, concepts and measures, and frequent disregard for cultural validity/validation. ...
Article
This article explores the current state of Arabic social psychology through a selective review of articles written by Arabs, on Arabs, in Arabic (144 articles, published between 2000 and 2015), a basic profiling of first authors, and a regional mapping of graduate social psychology programs. The Levant emerged as the most productive subregion. The most studied topics overall were “the self” and “social adjustment.” Most articles relied primarily on regional references. Furthermore, articles were mostly empirical, correlational, with adult samples, particularly university students. Most first authors were males and very few were specialized in social psychology. Finally, very few graduate social psychology programs were found. We discuss some ways forward for addressing the seemingly marginalized state of social psychology in the Arab region.
... More broadly, a review of research practises across the Arabic-speaking world (Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, & Chatila, 2007) showed that nearly 90% of researchers "adopted theories, concepts, and measures wholesale, without critique or adaptation" (p. 106), which resulted in repetitive, imitative, and irrelevant research to social problems. ...
... Developing new paradigms initially depends on the use of detailed qualitative, ethnographic, and interdisciplinary methods wherein local concepts are identified as starting points for exploration, triangulation, identification, and finally, validation. The building of culturallyrelevant models, constructs, and theories can then be accomplished (Pandey, 2011;Summerfield, 2008;Zebian et al., 2007). For instance, to investigate the culture of hospitality, researchers could use a mixed-method approach such as interviewing Emirati hosts and their guests, engaging in behavioural observations, and developing a measure of character strengths to accurately represent local constructs. ...
... Practicing an Indigenous Positive Psychology The development of an indigenous positive psychology cannot rely on the efforts of national or expatriate practitioners alone. To avoid complications, expatriate practitioners must identify the assumptions derived from their Western ideals and training in order to understand how this influences their work (Kubokawa & Ottaway, 2009;Zebian et al., 2007). Currently, many practitioners avoid discussing religion with their clients. ...
Chapter
Positive psychology focuses on the creation of positive emotions and positive experiences in the lives of individuals, groups, and societies. It examines the positive aspects of people’s lives and its research aims are to study the reasons for individuals and groups to excel. The founders, Martin Seligman and Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi (2000), argue that traditional psychologists ignore people who want to be happy if they don’t have a mental disorder. As such, although the psychologist’s goal is to help, they often just help individuals to better cope with misery. In other words, they argue that mainstream psychologists have been so programmed to see only what is wrong with a person that when someone doesn’t necessarily have any sort of pathology but wants to simply improve his or her life, psychologists have nothing to say. Clients such as these end up feeling disappointed in therapy—and often grow worse—as they are not given the skills to move forward.
... More broadly, a review of research practises across the Arabic-speaking world (Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, & Chatila, 2007) showed that nearly 90% of researchers "adopted theories, concepts, and measures wholesale, without critique or adaptation" (p. 106), which resulted in repetitive, imitative, and irrelevant research to social problems. ...
... Developing new paradigms initially depends on the use of detailed qualitative, ethnographic, and interdisciplinary methods wherein local concepts are identified as starting points for exploration, triangulation, identification, and finally, validation. The building of culturallyrelevant models, constructs, and theories can then be accomplished (Pandey, 2011;Summerfield, 2008;Zebian et al., 2007). For instance, to investigate the culture of hospitality, researchers could use a mixed-method approach such as interviewing Emirati hosts and their guests, engaging in behavioural observations, and developing a measure of character strengths to accurately represent local constructs. ...
... Practicing an Indigenous Positive Psychology The development of an indigenous positive psychology cannot rely on the efforts of national or expatriate practitioners alone. To avoid complications, expatriate practitioners must identify the assumptions derived from their Western ideals and training in order to understand how this influences their work (Kubokawa & Ottaway, 2009;Zebian et al., 2007). Currently, many practitioners avoid discussing religion with their clients. ...
Article
Full-text available
An indigenous positive psychology that addresses the human development needs of Emirati and expatriate residents in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is proposed. A positive psychology approach leverages inherent, yet often neglected, social, cultural, and religious strengths to mobilize growth. Yet, psychology practitioners and researchers frequently focus on ill-being and weakness. Further, many psychology practitioners are non-Emiratis who tend to employ traditional psychological models from the West, which are perhaps incongruous to the UAE context; hence our call for an indigenous positive psychology. Psychological models rooted in Western notions of secular individualism run contrary to the UAE’s collectivistic and non-secular orientations. Moreover, focusing on the negatives, avoiding religion, and endorsing Western ideals of normality (disguised though they may be), can harm the psychological fabric of the UAE population. Although the field of psychology is expanding, a vision for practice and research is imperative; thus, the introduction of a framework for the development of an indigenous positive psychology that supports culturally appropriate strengths is relevant and timely. To do so, the tenets of positive psychology are reviewed, and steps necessary for the development of an indigenous version are proposed with the aim of facilitating the growth of the nation.
... Overwhelmingly, conceptions of happiness found in the literature are based on Western individualistic and secular foundations that place collective and non-secular cultures at a disadvantage (Brannan et al., 2011;Joshanloo, 2013;Pandey, 2011). Further, the development of indigenous Arab psychological interventions (Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, & Chatila, 2007) in helping to increase happiness, in the manner collective cultures define and understand it, must begin with an emic view of understanding of what individuals already do to become happier and what they feel would contribute the most to their well-being. Thus, the development of theory should be led from participants' inside views of what already exists rather than the imposition of outsiders' understandings of what should exist. ...
... Thus, the development of theory should be led from participants' inside views of what already exists rather than the imposition of outsiders' understandings of what should exist. To minimize intellectual dependence on Western research (Pandey, 2011: Zebian et al., 2007, encouraging future research in a Muslim-Arab collective context on these issues cannot be overstated. ...
Article
Full-text available
Research in positive psychology has recently shown that not only do conceptualizations of happiness vary by culture, but the ways in which individuals attain happiness also reflect how cultures are organized. Paralleling the dimensions of individualism and collectivism, recent research in positive psychology interventions (PPIs), activities undertaken by individuals to increase their level of happiness, has recently delineated between approaches that are 'self' and 'other' oriented. Yet, despite the abundance of research on PPIs undertaken in individualist countries, few studies have explored how members of collective societies pursue a state of happiness. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine how members of collective societies pursued happiness and if these strategies were indeed " other " oriented. University students (n=109) from over 12 Middle Eastern countries, considered collectivist, participated. Participants predominately used 'other' oriented strategies to attain happiness, but not exclusively. They reported activities such as engaging in good deeds, being of service to others and gaining social acceptability as a result reflecting a collective orientation. Religion and stable political settings were also noted as contributing factors to happiness. They also pursued happiness through goal setting and reaching accomplishments, enjoying pleasures, and asserting greater control over their personal affairs reflecting an individualist approach. A balance of self and other approaches to happiness was evident. Özet Pozitif psikoloji alanındaki araştırmalar son dönemde, yalnızca mutluluğun kavramsallaştırılmasının kültüre göre değişmekte olduğunu değil, aynı zamanda bireylerin mutluluğu elde etme yollarının kültürlerin nasıl organize olduğunu yansıttığını da göstermiştir. Bireysellik ve kollektivizm boyutlarıyla paralel olarak pozitif psikoloji müdahaleleri (PPM) üzerine yapılan son araştırmalar, mutluluk düzeylerini arttırmak için bireyler tarafından üstlenilen etkinliklerin 'kendi' ve 'diğerleri' odaklı yaklaşımlar arasındaki çizgiyi belirginleştirdiğini göstermiştir. Fakat bireyselci toplumlarda PPM ile ilgili yürütülen çalışmalardaki çokluğa rağmen, çok az çalışmada kollektif toplum üyelerinin bir mutluluk durumunu nasıl devam ettirdiklerini araştırılmıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı kollektif toplum üyelerinin mutluluklarını nasıl devam ettirdiklerini ve bu stratejilerin aslında 'diğerleri' odaklı olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 12 Orta Doğu ülkesinden, kollektivist olarak değerlendirilen üniversite öğrencileri (n=109) katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, mutluluğu elde etmek için yalnızca 'diğerleri' odaklı stratejileri kullanmamakla birlikte baskın şekilde bu stratejileri kullanmışlardır. Kollektivist bir yönelimi yansıtmanın bir sonucu olarak hayır işleme, başkalarına yardım etme ve sosyal kabul edilirlik kazanmak gibi faaliyetlerde bulunduklarını aktarmışlardır. Din ve sabit siyasi görüşler de ayrıca mutluluğa katkıda bulunan etkenler olarak bulunmuştur. Diğer taraftan, mutluluğa, hedef belirleyip ve buna ulaşıp başararak, memnuniyetlerden zevk alarak ve bireyselci bir yaklaşımı yansıtan kişisel işlerinde daha fazla kontrol sahibi olarak ulaşmışlardır. Mutlulukla ilgili kendi ve diğerleri odaklı yaklaşımların dengesi açıkça görülmüştür.
... An understanding of this alternative process of support is therefore a key first step for therapists attempting to work alongside and sensitively explore multiple understandings of the difficulties a client presents with as well as providing insight into what may have been already tried. Clearer understanding may also support therapists in improving and selecting appropriate models of therapy, (Chaudhry & Li, 2011;Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, & Chatila, 2007) or adapting such models (Rathod et al., 2010) specifically when working with clients who have an existing understanding of their difficulties gained from other support sources. ...
Article
This paper considers the role of Islamic scholars as non-statutory providers of support for individuals with issues of psychological distress and wellbeing. A qualitative phenomenological analysis of the experiences of six Imams (Islamic religious officials) who saw this type of support as being part of their role is presented. Four themes were identified: “Building a personal relationship with the ultimate authority”; “Treating the whole person”; “God's medicine” and “Duty bound to help”. Clinical implications for the current and potential relationship between this type of support and mental health and psychological services are presented and discussed.
... This problem might have been fiirther exacerbated by the fact that the majority of school counselors received their training in the West (Day, 1983). This reliance on Western intellectual products and models can be observed across a large number of psychological studies and psychologists in Lebanon and in the Arab world and is considered detrimental to the development of science and practice in the field (Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, & Chatila, 2007). The most common factors cited as needing special attention in the development of school counseling programs are those of distinct family patterns and child-rearing practices observed in Lebanese society, difficult and highly demanding school environments, and issues of adaptation to modemization among youth (Ayyash-Abdo, 2005;Brinson & Al-amri, 2005;Moracco, 1978;Soitman, 1986). ...
Article
Full-text available
This article examines the status of school counseling in Lebanon. An overview that points out some weakness in the educational system, such as high dropout and repetition rates, is presented. Calls for counseling have been voiced partly because of the psychological consequences of social change, such as political instability in Lebanon. A sample of school counselors in public and private schools were surveyed. Private school counselors reported fewer stressors and more rewards than did their counterparts in public schools.
... The current study presents an exploratory content analysis of research published between 1991 and 2005 assessing the extent to which psychological researchers in post-civil war Lebanon engaged in culturally sensitive research practices. The model was adopted from Zebian, Alamuddin, Maalouf, and Chatila (2007). In this model, culturally sensitive research includes all concrete intellectual and methodological practices that help ensure the relevance and applicability of research to the local context and population studied. ...
... This may entail tackling a topic of national importance, adapting imported measures, studying diverse samples, or understanding the sampled population's needs and sociopolitical context. It may also include discussing the implications of applying imported psychological tools, research validity in the given context, and how culture-specific processes influence psychological processes (for the full range of practices see Zebian et al., 2007). ...
... Our focus on culturally sensitive research was motivated primarily by the role it can play in developing relevant responses to national development needs in a given context. We were also interested in contributing to empirical work on the research practices of psychologists in the majority world (see Adair, Puhan, & Vohra, 1993;Khaleefa, 1999;Ö ngel & Smith, 1999;Zebian et al., 2007). We found Zebian et al.'s (2007) cultural sensitivity model appropriate for an exploratory study of psychological research in Lebanon because it examines a broad set of research practices and issues related to the creation or transfer of psychological knowledge in ways that go beyond the issues raised by indigenous psychologists. ...
Article
Full-text available
The inclusion of the social and cultural characteristics of groups in the concept of national development highlights the contributions that culturally sensitive psychological research can make to development efforts. It also highlights the relevance of assessing and promoting such research, especially in majority world countries where development needs are pressing. In the current study, a content analysis was conducted to assess the degree to which Lebanese psychological researchers in post-civil war Lebanon have engaged in culturally sensitive research practices. The Cultural Sensitivity Measure for Published Research, which was inspired by Adair, Puhan, and Vohra's ( 1993 ) measure of indigenization, was applied to 54 peer-reviewed English- and French-language empirical studies conducted by Lebanese researchers on Lebanese samples within Lebanon. The results suggest that while cultural sensitivity levels were generally low, the sampled researchers engaged in more sensitive practices compared to researchers in the region. For example, they used qualitative methods more often, made more efforts to ensure the cultural compatibility of their methods, and engaged in more complex conceptualizations of culture and its relationship with psychological processes. Furthermore, certain practices, such as studying diverse groups or using findings to suggest real-life applications, were found to be predictive of higher general levels of cultural sensitivity in the sampled articles. These research practices could be fostered in institutional and intellectual contexts, and such initiatives would go a long way in supporting a locally appropriate research infrastructure that contributes to national development efforts.