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The experiment was targeted to develop design strategies and methods by testing the complex interplay between the dynamics of daylight and electrical lighting in an office. The double dynamic lighting design concept is based on the idea of adding task lighting, with a directionality referring to the daylight inflow and a variation on direct/diffuse...
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... flowchart illustrates the sequence of execution of the scripts. Figure 3 presents the flowchart of the scheduling process initiated by receiving the latest reading from the outdoor daylight scanner translated into sky condition. Once this was achieved, the indoor horizontal illuminance was measured, and the threshold of the latest reading was determined. ...
Citations
... The research results are in line with the dynamic lighting of Sun Yuqing [14] in the solar cycle in the laboratory is more conducive to improving the health level of students. Hansen Ellen Kathrine [22] Research has found that the dynamic light cycle has a positive impact on visual comfort, perceived atmosphere, and work engagement. Meanwhile, in the study of Ru Taotao et al. [23], we found that the daily dynamic lighting mode was more conducive to the office workers' health and night sleep during the day compared with the static lighting mode. ...
... Daylight intake in buildings affects the visual comfort, productivity and well-being of the occupants [23][24][25][26][27]. In addition, the proper intake of daylight into the space reduces electricity consumption and prevents unnecessary energy consumption [28,29]. ...
The daylighting feature of historical buildings can be accepted as an intangible heritage since it contributes to the unique atmosphere of the buildings. However, with the change of the built environment and the change of the historical building itself, the level of daylight intake of historical buildings changes. This study contributes to the field by revealing the daylighting performance changes of a historical khan building which has a unique architectural characteristics. The changes in the daylighting levels of Buyuk Yeni Khan, one of the largest historical khans in Istanbul, are examined through its modifications. Using 3D Lidar scanning technology, the current state of the khan is scanned. The daylight intake and glare analyzes of the khan for its current and original states are made through simulations, and the values found are compared. DA, cDA, UDI, sDA and DGP metrics are used in the simulations. As a result, due to the changes such as enlargements along the arcades, additional overhangs and the change of window ratios of the facades of the rooms on the ground floor, the rooms of the khan have different daylighting values compared to its original state.
... Sustainable buildings aim to provide quality indoor environments that enhance the well-being of their inhabitants while reducing the building's negative environmental impacts [2][3][4]. Central to this practice is indoor lighting, which has a significant impact on both human psychology and physiology [5][6][7]. Green building and lighting standards have increasingly emphasized optimizing daylight and supplementing it with electric light, ensuring well-lit environments to improve task performance and visual comfort [8,9]. While providing adequate light in space is necessary, several works suggest that the influence of light on humans is profound. ...
... While studies have explored the combination of daylight and electric light, they have primarily concentrated on visual comfort, overlooking the evaluation of various ambiances created under these lighting conditions and limiting the range of tested perception categories [5]. On the other hand, some studies have compared daylit to artificially lit office settings and how they influence people's mood and visual comfort [26]. ...
... The findings may initially be applicable to private offices, where both ambient and task lighting can be adjusted automatically or manually according to individual preferences. These applications can be extended to shared environments by adopting established methods of shared office lighting control, such as implementing proper zoning of ambient lights [41], providing separate and individually controlled ambient and task lighting [5,42], and allowing dynamic adjustment of ambient lights based on environmental factors and collective votes within each zone [41,43]. ...
People spend more than 90% of their time indoors, and, as such, improving indoor lighting quality can enhance their quality of life by positively influencing both physiological and psychological aspects. Numerous studies suggest that perceptions of a space vary depending on a number of lighting attributes present. Significant effort has been made across various fields to identify the spatial lighting conditions and attributes that impact human perception, although we lack studies that explore the impact of these conditions in tandem. This paper investigates how interior lighting conditions influence human impressions of room ambiance. The study examines 16 different interior scenes, considering factors such as sky condition (sunny vs. overcast), shading blinds position (open vs. closed), presence or absence of electric light (on vs. off), and Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) (2700 K, 4000 K, and 6500 K). The evaluation is conducted within an office environment at Carnegie Mellon University, using a combination of objective lighting metrics and subjective assessments. In total, 26 participants, consisting of 11 females, 14 males, and one undisclosed, aged between 18 and 50, evaluated the office ambiance under various lighting conditions using semantic differential scales. The analysis showed that the variation of blinds and CCT levels significantly influenced the participants’ impression of light. The study also identified statistically significant interactions between “blinds and CCT” and “blinds and sky” conditions, highlighting the combined influence of these variables on shaping indoor light impressions. This research offers valuable in-sights into the complex interplay of different lighting factors in shaping human perceptions, and underscores the importance of optimizing indoor lighting conditions for creating healthy and sustainable indoor environments.
... Also, one of the effective methods to reduce lighting energy consumption is to use more sunlight and more penetration of daylight. In [11], a lighting system design strategy (double dynamic lighting design concept) is proposed using sensors and new technologies and integrating daylight and artificial lighting to create a more natural atmosphere in indoor environments. It should be noted that the use of daylight may lead to an increase in temperature and, as a result, an increase in the power consumption of the cooling system and an increase in energy consumption. ...
Considering that lighting plays an important role in energy consumption in buildings, extensive studies have been conducted in recent years to increase efficiency and thus reduce the cost of lighting. However, it should be noted that such efforts can achieve complete success when the behavior patterns and level of user satisfaction are also considered. With this approach, in this article, a control system based on INFO-FUZZY is proposed to save energy and provide user satisfaction, considering the behavioral patterns of residents. The proposed lighting control system is flexible, adjustable continuous, and highly accurate. The efficiency of the proposed lighting system in the office environment of the university has been evaluated in real-time by considering three desks and two scenarios. The experimental results confirm the high efficiency and high adjustability of the proposed control system. Also, the results show that the error rate in the four criteria of ISE, ITSE, IAE, and ITAE in the proposed INFO-FUZZY algorithm has been reduced favorably compared to the GA-FUZZY algorithm. This reduction rate in scenario 1 is 6.56, 12.2, 18.85%, and 94.83%, respectively, and in scenario 2, it is 14.56, 16.67, 20.45%, and 95.03%, respectively, which confirms the high efficiency of the proposed control system.
... In addition, Clapp et al. (2021) showed that seat comfort, coupled with perceptions of ability to concentrate on the tasks, was found to predict workers' flow at work (a highly pleasurable, time-limited form of work engagement, Nielsen & Cleal, 2010). Hansen et al. (2021) demonstrated the importance of daylighting in perceived comfort, atmosphere, and work engagement. Shaw et al. (2014Shaw et al. ( , 2022 also found that activities that improve the comfort of older workers and workers with chronic illness and discomfort can mitigate their fatigue and boost their self-efficacy and work engagement. ...
... This is probably due to the staff's psychological need to buffer the stressful valence of their relationships with patients, which requires the attachment to a "secure base" (Bowlby, 1969) in order to recover the usual cognitive and affective functions (Gustafson, 2001). Concerning H4, the evidence found on the positive link between spatial-physical comfort and work engagement are consistent with what emerged in studies carried out with students in Florida (Clapp et al., 2021), and with students and employees in an office space in Copenhagen (Hansen et al., 2021), thus confirming the importance of feeling comfort in promoting work engagement also in healthcare workers. More in general, this result provides further proof of the key role of the comfort dimension in promoting positive responses toward the healthcare settings (Ulrich et al., 2008) across different users, staff included (Fornara, 2005). ...
Though place attachment has been widely studied for a variety of settings, little attention has been devoted to place attachment in the workplace, particularly in healthcare environments. The objective of this research is to test the relationship between Secure workplace attachment and work engagement through the mediating effect of the work environment, in both spatial-physical and social-relational terms. A self-report questionnaire was completed by 150 health personnel of different hospitals. Results show that a more Secure workplace attachment is associated with a higher level of work engagement, and such relationship is mediated positively by the perception of environmental comfort and negatively by the feeling of having difficult relationships with patients. These findings suggest the importance of addressing health workers’ place attachment in the hospital setting, with specific reference to the physical and social environment in which the healthcare is delivered, in order to increase their positive involvement toward their job activity.
... From the 38 atmosphere terms [7] mentioned, 12 were used for this study: cosy, motivating, personal, intimate, formal, stimulating, relaxed, lively, detached, boring, clinical, tense. The visual appearance terms have been selected among the ones previously used in Double Dynamic Lighting Research [8]. The following 9 terms have been used to understand visual appearance of lighting: comfortable, sufficient, task-focused, natural, contrasting, dim, bright, glary, disturbing. ...
... The qualitative side of the user research has been supported by two semi-structured interviews, one with a user of the space (in person interview), the other with the Business Area Manager of the company that is responsible of the administration of the building where the office in case is located (phone interview). Second, researchers' [8][9][10] and those that fit the current project (described under section 4.1. Design Criteria), have been transferred. ...
... Delving into outcomes of most recent double dynamic lighting research [8], the following criteria have been adapted for this project: 1) Neutral ambient lighting of less than 5000K for overcast sky and cooler ambient lighting of more than 5000K for clear sky; 2) Combination of direct warm light with diffuse cool or neutral light to achieve a natural feeling [8][9][10]. In fact, having some degree of direct lighting, as opposed to only diffuse lighting, increases socialization in the space [10]. ...
Often the criteria for designing office lighting is to increase efficiency through a bright and evenly distributed lighting. Yet, research has found that this static lighting leads to an unstimulating, boring, and dull luminous environment that supports neither task focus, nor a pleasant atmosphere. The goal of this paper is to create a closer connection to a natural light environment by designing an office lighting that inspired by light as natural phenomenon creates a lively and more nature-based atmosphere. We developed a lighting design with focus on analysing the perceived atmosphere as a metric for a dynamic lighting design for a meeting room of a real estate company in Denmark. Through a mixed method approach, we explore the design factors that determine the desired natural atmosphere. Our design aims at enhancing the function of the meeting room as a formal space where negotiations are held by 1) presenting the identity of the company to the business partners; and 2) supporting employees’ sense of belonging to the company culture. As a result, our lighting design creates a lighting hierarchy in line with the architectural elements of the space, complementing daylight through electric lighting in a dynamic way, accounting for both sky-type and daylight inflow.
... According to the current state of science, the biological effect of light on humans, such as melatonin suppression, should be considered in particular [1], as well as factors such as visual comfort [2] and perceived atmosphere [3]. However, studies on the effect of light are often investigated one factor at a time and primarily in laboratories [4]. This study is therefore intended to help assess the multidimensionality of a lighting design solution based on the factors related to the biological, visual and atmospheric effects of light. ...
... While the lighting solution in question had already been tested in lab settings by other parties, AAU participated in the project as a conductor of a case study. Studies have demonstrated, that case studies can be important for evaluating a lighting design solution, as knowledge can be drawn from setting up tests in "specific spaces under specific lighting conditions" [4]. ...
... Another advantage of mixed methods is the possibility to include not only quantitative and qualitative methods, but also multiple different factors. As the evaluation of experiments in the Double Dynamic Lighting innovation project [4] shows, the diversity of mixed methods designs [12] allows for the inclusion of a wide range of factors. Depending on the design, the factors can stand next to each other and be evaluated simultaneously or sequentially build on each other. ...
The experience of light in a space and the physiological effect of light combined is complex to study. Methods which combine parameters from the fields of the biological, visual and atmospheric effects of light through a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data collection on site, seem more important than ever to validate the potentials of integrative lighting. A case study, conducted in two elderly homes in Copenhagen and Aarhus, in Denmark, is used to evaluate a mixed methods approach, assessing an integrative lighting design solution. Luminaires with circadian settings are implemented as a supplementary lighting with the aim of supporting various objectives, including biological stimulation and a homely atmosphere in the elderly homes. To evaluate the implementation of the lighting, a convergent mixed methods approach is used, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. In parallel to collecting quantitative measurements, such as melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mEDI) and photopic lux, semi-structured interviews based on questionnaires and card-sorting, on the same subjects, are carried out. To evaluate the approach for evaluating the implementation of this integrative lighting design, three criteria are introduced: a) integration, b) flexibility and c) validity. The integration of results enabled to compare the different methods and findings to identify and study correlations, differences or contradictions. That was conducted across the three topics: biological, visual, and atmospheric effects of the integrative lighting design solution. A framework for a holistic approach for evaluating lighting in elderly homes was defined, with an indication of the need for further development in an iterative process.
... Studies have found that simple exposure controls using motion sensors can reduce energy consumption in buildings. However, intelligent light control strategies could be achieved by more significant energy savings and better services and provide many advantages over simple on/off controls [3]. So with this solution, the comfort of the room will be secure, and the users can do their job well. ...
... Based on research demonstrating that lighting has a significant effect on residents with dementia, it was hypothesized that night shift staff in particular would experience an improved job satisfaction. To our knowledge, previous studies on lighting for staff has to a large extent been conducted in office environments or in hospital setting [5,8,20,22,40]. Thus, the novelty of this study is the context exploited and the specific target audience of the eldercare housing staff. This paper is an extended version of the original paper that was published in the proceeding of the conference on Information Technology for Social Good [38]. ...
... Occupants' experience of light and space (e.g., perceived visual comfort and light appraisal, user satisfaction, lighting control) has been studied extensively in daylight conditions and office environments [7,10,22,31,[40][41][42]. These studies found that respondents who perceived the lighting in their office space as being of higher quality rated the setting as more attractive. ...
... However, card sorting is not a stand-alone method and should be supported by other methods to uncover the participants' underlying perceptions of the attribute (e.g., positive, or negative) and why the participants experienced it in a particular way. Previous studies have addressed the challenge of collecting subjective data of a luminated environment [2,10,19,22,37,39,41]. Houser and Tiller [24] stressed the important to give clear and detailed instructions about the judgement of rating scales when conducting e.g., semantic differential scale with participants. ...
This study is an investigation of how staff working at a Danish nursing home experienced, perceived, and used a circadian lighting system that has been operating since 2018. The purpose of the installed circadian lighting was to improve the staff and residents’ health and well-being. This paper demonstrates the importance of training and introducing the staff to the lighting system, especially operating, and maintaining a prolonged desired utilization of the system. In this study, we employed an action research methodology that included interviews, observations, and a questionnaire. We investigated 42 staff members’ perceived visual comfort with, satisfaction with, perceived ease of use, and perceptions of the usefulness of the circadian lighting. Mixed methods proved valuable in the subjective assessment of light and visual comfort. We present an alternative card sorting method to study perceptions of a 24-hour lighting system. The findings revealed that the staff considered circadian light as satisfactory and a more adequate light for work than the existing lighting system. The staff considered being able to adjust the light important for maintaining visibility, setting the lighting depending on the activities, and meeting residents’ needs. Furthermore, the results showed that a thought-out strategy to introduce the staff to the new lighting can be important for satisfaction and prolonged use of the lighting. Lastly, we also found that the circadian lighting system can improve the caregiver burden for night shift workers.
... In live streaming, for example, consumers' engagement behaviours are manifested in the form of connecting, commenting, liking and giving virtual gifts, through which they participate in the live interaction and, thus, show their interest in the product or anchor. Through qualitative and quantitative studies, researchers have found that consumer-engagement behaviour is influenced by several prerequisites, the most important of which is the atmosphere [56][57][58][59]. The presence of security vulnerabilities on an e-commerce website can create an atmosphere of insecurity, which reduces customer patronage of the site [60]. ...
Since its introduction, live e-commerce has shown rapid growth, especially in regions such as China, where the total market size has exceeded trillions of RMB. However, e-commerce live streaming has also caused widespread consumer impulse-buying behaviour during the development process. Therefore, based on stimulus–organism–response theory, from the perspective of human–computer interaction, this paper develops an impulse-purchase model for live e-commerce consumers, uses partial least squares structural equation modelling to process and analyse 339 valid questionnaires and, finally, validates the proposed hypotheses. The findings show that consumers’ visual appeal, perceived arousal and engagement play a mediating role in the relations among interface design, live atmosphere and impulse purchase. To promote the sustainability of a live-streaming economy, live-streaming platforms need to design attractive live-streaming interfaces, build a pleasant live-streaming atmosphere and enhance consumers’ positive emotions, while preventing their irrational purchasing behaviour. An in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism of this behaviour can help in alleviating the limitations of the lack of rich research results and a single perspective in this field. In addition, it can help stakeholders promote the sustainability of e-commerce live streaming in practice.
