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A study was conducted in the tropical lowlands of Costa Rica, at La Selva Biological Station, to
evaluate the rainfall interception of two forest plantations of Vochysia guatemalensis Donn. Sm.
Vochysia ferruginea Mart. and one secondary forest. Daily measurements of gross rainfall,
throughfall and stemflow were taken during the peak of the rain...
Citations
... One notable exception is a study by Alves et al. (2018) on the interception capacity of nine city trees in Uruaçu, Brazil. In Central America, Calvo-Alvarado et al. (2009) conducted a study in the tropical lowlands of Costa Rica. However, few to no urban interception studies have been published for the Caribbean region. ...
Rainfall interception is an important part of the urban hydrological cycle. Understanding is limited about the role of urban trees and other vegetation in the interception process. This study quantified interception losses by six trees in the Caribbean coastal city of San Juan, Puerto Rico, three representing a broadleaf evergreen, and three representing a broadleaf deciduous species. Rainfall was partitioned into throughfall for 13 storms to compare the results between tree types. Total rainfall ranged from 2.9 to 72.4 mm, and storm duration spanned 1 h to several days. Six of the storms analyzed were characterized by maximum hourly intensity rainfall rates categorized as heavy (> 7.6 mm/h). Strong northeasterly winds brought rain in sustained gusts up to 35 km/h. Average interception losses totaled 19.7% for both tree types, 22.7% for the deciduous trees, and 16.7% for the evergreen trees. Throughfall exceeded 90% of total rainfall for each of the six trees on one or more occasions, and heavy intensity storms produced negative interception losses in one individual. The effect of tree type on interception was significant for storms of low and moderate intensity, but not heavy intensity. Differences in interception losses between storms of similar intensity and between the two tree types were influenced by leaf area and wind. Results suggest that individual urban tree canopies function as spatio-temporally dynamic storage reservoirs whose interception capacity can vary as micro-meteorological conditions change. These findings help advance understanding about interception processes in humid tropical urban settings.
... El A-RL se realizó para cada estadio de sucesión, tomando la PB como variable independiente y la PC y PN como variables dependientes. La pendiente de cada ecuación lineal fue considerada como el porcentaje de precipitación efectiva que llega al piso forestal (Balieiro et al. 2007, Oliveira Júnior y Dias 2005, Tobon-Marin et al. 2000 Para comparar el efecto del tipo de ecosistema sobre la intercepción de precipitación, se aplicó el A-Co propuesto por Calvo-Alvarado et al. (2009a); donde la PN y PC fueron seleccionadas como variables dependientes, la PB como covariable y el estadio de sucesión como factor de comparación. ...
La intercepción de precipitación fue determinada por medio de la precipitación bruta (PB), precipitación de copas (PC) y flujo caulinar (FC) en tres estadios de sucesión secundaria en un Bosque húmedo Tropical en el Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Costa Rica. En cada estadío se identificaron las especies y se midió la altura total y el diámetro de todos los árboles mayores a 5 cm de diámetro presentes en las parcelas de medición. El Índice de Área Vegetal (IAV) y el Índice de Complejidad de Holdridge (ICH) fueron estimados para describir la estructura de cada bosque. El ensayo se realizó entre julio y octubre del 2007, registrando una precipitación total de 491,2 mm en el estadío intermedio, y de 706,1 mm para el estadio temprano y tardío. Los resultados indican que la intercepción de precipitación aumentó conforme avanza la madurez del estado de sucesión del bosque.
... El A-RL se realizó para cada estadio de sucesión, tomando la PB como variable independiente y la PC y PN como variables dependientes. La pendiente de cada ecuación lineal fue considerada como el porcentaje de precipitación efectiva que llega al piso forestal (Balieiro et al. 2007, Oliveira Júnior y Dias 2005, Tobon-Marin et al. 2000 Para comparar el efecto del tipo de ecosistema sobre la intercepción de precipitación, se aplicó el A-Co propuesto por Calvo-Alvarado et al. (2009a); donde la PN y PC fueron seleccionadas como variables dependientes, la PB como covariable y el estadio de sucesión como factor de comparación. ...
... -ISSN:2215-2504 campo). Aunque el muestro no fue continuo, su impacto en las estimaciones de los valores y comparaciones estadísticas no es de considerar dado que la tendencia lineal es evidente y soportada igualmente por casi todos los estudios de intercepción de precipitación (Arcova et al. 2003, Calvo-Alvarado et al. 2009a, Gupta y Usharani 2009, Oliveira Júnior y Dias 2005, Tobon-Marin et al. 2000. ...
The rainfall interception was determined by evaluating gross rainfall, canopy throughfall and stemflow in three
secondary stages of Tropical wet Forest in the Guanacaste National Park, Costa Rica. Species composition, tree
diameter and tree total height were measured in three temporal plots. The Vegetal Area Index (VAI) and the
Holdridge Complexity Index (HCI) were estimated to describe the forest structure. The trial was carried out
from July to October 2007; measured total rainfall during the sampling period was of 491.2 mm for the Intermediate stage and 706.1 mm in the Early and Late stages. The rainfall interception shows a pattern of increment with the maturity of the three stages of forest succession maturity
Calvo-Alvarado J., Jiménez-Rodríguez C. y M. Saá-Quintana. 2012. Intercepción de precipitación en tres estadios de sucesión de un Bosque húmedo Tropical, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú (Costa Rica) 9(22).
The rainfall interception (RI) was analysed in 18 permanent plots distributed among three successional stages of tropical dry forests (TDFs) in Brazil and Costa Rica. All the plots were established under the TropiDry protocols (Álvarez et al,2008), while the RI procedure was based in the work of JiménezRodríguez and CalvoAlvarado (2013). In each country, one wet season was evaluated to analyse the RI among countries and successional stages of TDFs. Registered rainfall events along the wet seasons do not exceed the 100 mm d1, registering the highest rainfall event in Costa Rica. The Costa Rican wet season is wettest than the Brazilian as a consequence of the more frequent rain events. The linear relationship between rainfall and throughfall is statistically significant in all cases, however the regression coefficients based on the structure y = a + bx are not significant in all cases. Only the b coefficient is significant for all the plots and stages, representing a constant rainfall reduction along all the precipitation range. Traditional RI studies analyse the variation of RI as a linear regression, analysing the slope as the percentage of RI. This assumption is based in the fact that forest canopy has the capacity to retain rained water, and it changes depending directly with the rainfall event duration and intensity. However, when the data analysis is focused just in the percentage of rainfall retained in terms of a fixed percentage the dynamic effect of the canopy structure is diminished. Analysing the water pass through the canopy, adding the stemflow to the throughfall we are able to incorporate part of this dynamic. The effective rainfall flow differs among countries and forest stages, showing a specific pattern for most of the plots in Costa Rica with an asymptotic behaviour after a specific rainfall size. Calvo-Alvarado, J; Jiménez-Rodríguez, C; Calvo-Obando, A; Gonçalves-Silva, T; Espiritu-Santo, M. and M. Rodríguez-Solís. 2016. Rainfall interception across a chronosequence of tropical dry forest in Costa Rica and Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 5Th Internacional Ecosummit: Ecological Sustainability Engineering Change. 29 August-1 September. Montpellier, France.
