Figures 69-73 - uploaded by Charles R Haddad
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Genitalic morphology of Heliophanus gramineus: 69. Male palpal femur in prolateral view; 70-73. Male left palp in ventral (70), retrolateral (71), dorso-retrolateral (72) and dorsal (73) views.
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Examination of museum collections and of recently collected materials from South Africa lead to the discovery of the following eight new jumping spider species that are described here: Evarcha amanzi sp. Nov. (♂), E. villosa sp. Nov. (♂), Langellurillus squamiger sp. Nov. (♂♀), Massagris maculosa sp. Nov. (♂ ♀), Microbianor simplex sp. Nov. (♂), Ps...
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The Australian fauna of Jumping spiders (family Salticidae) is highly diverse and includes iconic lineages such as the peacock spiders (genus Maratus Karsch, 1878) that are well-known for their vibrant colours and fascinating behaviours. Many other jumping spiders in Australia are also highly attractive but almost nothing is known about their diver...
Citations
... Description. For description of the male, see Haddad and Wesołowska (2013). General appearance of male in alcohol as in Fig. 4A, B; palpal organ in Figs 4C-E, 5A-C. ...
Following a rapid biodiversity assessment of spiders in the arid western interior of South Africa, we report on the occurrence of some poorly known and new species of chrysilline jumping spiders. Helafricanus patellaris (Simon, 1901), Heliocapensis capensis (Wesołowska, 1986), H. mirabilis (Wesołowska, 1986) and Menemerus lesserti Lawrence, 1927 are recorded from the Northern Cape Province for the first time, and Heliocapensis maluti (Wesołowska & Haddad, 2014) (Lesotho) and Heliophanus deformis Wesołowska, 1986 (Angola) are recorded from South Africa for the first time, both also from the Northern Cape. The hitherto unknown females of Heliocapensis mirabilis (Wesołowska, 1986) and Icius pulchellus Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 and the male of M. lesserti are described for the first time. Three new species are described: Icius jacksoni sp. nov. (♂), Menemerus foordi sp. nov. (♂) and Natta triguttata sp. nov. (♂♀). One new combination, Afraflacilla matabelensis (Wesołowska, 2011), comb. nov. (ex Pseudicius Simon, 1885), is proposed. We present the first comprehensive molecular analysis of South Africa Chrysillini jumping spiders, based on the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, which supports the monophyly of all but two genera ( Helafricanus Wesołowska, 1986 and Heliophanus C.L. Koch, 1833), which we briefly discuss.
... In spite of the close proximity to Tembe Elephant Park (5 km east of NGR), protecting the largest area of sand forest in South Africa (Matthews et al. 2001), there are several ground-dwelling species unique to Tembe's sand forest that have not yet been sampled in NGR at all. This includes Langelurillus squamiger Wesołowska &Haddad, 2018 andBelippo calcarata (Roewer, 1942) (Salticidae), which occurred sympatrically in sand forest at Tembe with three other salticids commonly recorded from NGR: Stenaelurillus guttiger Haddad & Wesołowska, 2006, S. modestus Wesołowska, 2014, and Habrocestum africanum Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009(Wesołowska & Haddad 2018). In the current study, only H. africanum and S. guttiger were recorded from sand forest in NGR (Appendix 1). ...
... In spite of the close proximity to Tembe Elephant Park (5 km east of NGR), protecting the largest area of sand forest in South Africa (Matthews et al. 2001), there are several ground-dwelling species unique to Tembe's sand forest that have not yet been sampled in NGR at all. This includes Langelurillus squamiger Wesołowska &Haddad, 2018 andBelippo calcarata (Roewer, 1942) (Salticidae), which occurred sympatrically in sand forest at Tembe with three other salticids commonly recorded from NGR: Stenaelurillus guttiger Haddad & Wesołowska, 2006, S. modestus Wesołowska, 2014, and Habrocestum africanum Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009(Wesołowska & Haddad 2018). In the current study, only H. africanum and S. guttiger were recorded from sand forest in NGR (Appendix 1). ...
Ground-dwelling spider assemblages were sampled by pitfall trapping in four contrasting biotopes in the Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa, situated in the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany biodiversity hotspot. Over two years (2006 and 2007) in two seasons (mid-summer and winter, 10 days each) 1261 spiders were collected, representing 31 families and 121 species. Twenty-five taxa were recorded from Ndumo for the first time. Spider activity densities and species richness were highest in the deciduous broadleaf woodland (BW, n = 538, S = 106), followed by Albizia adianthifolia-Vachellia tortilis woodland (AW, n = 358, S = 70), sand forest (SF, n = 188, S = 74), and Mahemane thicket (MT, n = 177, S = 53). The four most abundant species were Asemesthes ceresicola Tucker, 1923 (Gnaphosidae, 27.8%), Arctosa sp. (Lycosidae, 8.4%), Pardosa crassipalpis Purcell, 1903 (Lycosidae, 7.4%), and Stenaelurillus guttiger (Simon, 1901) (Salticidae, 5.2%). Species richness and activity densities were strongly seasonal, with sharp decreases in winter. Conservation assessments could not be carried out on a sizable proportion of the species collected, as they represent new taxa or were only represented by immatures (30.6%), but of the remainder the majority had a conservation status of Least Concern (64.5%), with very few being Data Deficient (4.1%) and a single vulnerable species being collected, Massagris natalensis Wesoowska & Haddad, 2009. However, among the new taxa not assessed there may be several Maputaland endemics.
... Spinnerets are dark brown. Leg lengths are in the order Evarcha bulbosa Zabka, 1985 (new record) ( Figure 14, Figure 15) Evarcha bulbosa Zabka, 1985: (Haddad & Wesolowska, 2013) are similar [24], differences exist in structures such as the first leg and the palpal organ, as shown in Characteristics Male Cephalothorax flat, dark brown, and ocular area black. Ocular area and its edges are covered with white hairs. ...
... Jumping spiders are the most diverse spider family, with about more than 6100 species globally and 350 species distributed in South Africa (Wesołowska andHaddad 2018, World Spider Catalog 2019). Paralleling their diversity, with 160 karyotyped species the family is also well-investigated in terms of cytogenetics. ...
Spiders represent one of the most studied arachnid orders. They are particularly intriguing from a cytogenetic point of view, due to their complex and dynamic sex chromosome determination systems. Despite intensive research on this group, cytogenetic data from African spiders are still mostly lacking. In this study, we describe the karyotypes of 38 species of spiders belonging to 16 entelegyne families from South Africa and Namibia. In the majority of analysed families, the observed chromosome numbers and morphology (mainly acrocentric) did not deviate from the family-level cytogenetic characteristics based on material from other continents: Tetragnathidae (2n♂ = 24), Ctenidae and Oxyopidae (2n♂ = 28), Sparassidae (2n♂ = 42), Gnaphosidae, Trachelidae and Trochanteriidae (2n♂ = 22), and Salticidae (2n♂ = 28). On the other hand, we identified interspecific variability within Hersiliidae (2n♂ = 33 and 35), Oecobiidae (2n♂ = 19 and 25), Selenopidae (2n♂ = 26 and 29) and Theridiidae (2n♂ = 21 and 22). We examined the karyotypes of Ammoxenidae and Gallieniellidae for the first time. Their diploid counts (2n♂ = 22) correspond to the superfamily Gnaphosoidea and support their placement in this lineage. On the other hand, the karyotypes of Prodidominae (2n♂ = 28 and 29) contrast with all other Gnaphosoidea. Similarly, the unusually high diploid number in Borboropactus sp. (2n♂ = 28) within the otherwise cytogenetically uniform family Thomisidae (mainly 2n♂ = 21–24) supports molecular data suggesting a basal position of the genus in the family. The implementation of FISH methods for visualisation of rDNA clusters facilitated the detection of complex dynamics of numbers of these loci. We identified up to five loci of the 18S rDNA clusters in our samples. Three different sex chromosome systems (X0, X 1 X 2 0 and X 1 X 2 X 3 0) were also detected among the studied taxa.
The spider fauna of most African regions is severely understudied, there is a need for revision of old data and publishing new records. The previous list of jumping spiders (Salticidae) of Uganda contained merely 25 species. The presented survey, which is based on material from several museum collections, provides new faunistic and taxonomic information. The data already available in the literature are critically reviewed and an updated checklist of jumping spiders from Uganda is published. Two new genera are established: Phintellosa gen. nov. with type species Maevia comosissima Simon, 1886 and Ruwenzorek gen. nov. with type species Ruwenzorek evansi gen. et sp. nov. Thirty-three species are newly described: Asemonea wagneri sp. nov. (♂), Dendryphantes ruwenzori sp. nov. (♂♀), Dendryphantes sasa sp. nov. (♀), Enoplomischus pulcher sp. nov. (♂♀), Evarcha degeni sp. nov. (♂), Finger minor sp. nov. (♂♀), Hermosa yurai sp. nov. (♂♀), Hermotimus cornutus sp. nov. (♂♀), Hyllus formosus sp. nov. (♀), Icius entebbensis sp. nov. (♂), Icius hortensis sp. nov. (♂), Longarenus mpanga sp. nov. (♀), Massagris budongo sp. nov. (♂♀), Mexcala inopinata sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmarachne corusca sp. nov. (♀), Phintella bella sp. nov. (♂♀), Phintella jucunda sp. nov. (♀), Phintella nilotica sp. nov. (♂), Plexippoides dentatus sp. nov. (♂), Rhene amabilis sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene eximia sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene hexagon sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene sororis sp. nov. (♀), Rhene ugandensis sp. nov. (♀), Ruwenzorek evansi gen. et sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus africanus sp. nov. (♂♀), Thiratoscirtus bwindi sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus magnus sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus spinifer sp. nov. (♂), Thyene masindi sp. nov. (♂♀), Thyene perfecta sp. nov. (♂), Tusitala ugandensis sp. nov. (♀) and Vicirionessa ignota sp. nov. (♀). Five specific names are synonymized: Enoplomischus spinosus Wesołowska, 2005 with Enoplomischus ghesquierei Giltay, 1931, Evarcha elegans Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 [removed from synonymy of Evarcha werneri (Simon, 1906)] with Hyllus dotatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1903), Myrmarachne mussungue Wanless, 1978 with Myrmarachne evidens Roewer, 1965, Plexippus fibulatus Dawidowicz & Wesołowska, 2016 with Schenkelia modesta Lessert, 1927 and Vicirionessa prenanti (Berland & Millot, 1941) with Vicirionessa fuscimana (Simon, 1903). Two new combinations are proposed: Phintella chopardi (Berland & Millot, 1941) comb. nov. ex Cosmophasis and Phintellosa comosissima (Simon, 1886) gen. et comb. nov. ex Maevia. The as yet unknown females of nine species are described for the first time: Alfenus calamistratus Simon, 1902, Baryphas scintillans Berland & Millot, 1941, Dendryphantes elgonensis Wesołowska & Dawidowicz, 2014, Depreissia myrmex Lessert, 1942, Mikrus ugandensis Wesołowska, 2001, Phintella brevis Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2022, Phintellosa comosissima (Simon, 1886), Thiratoscirtus patagonicus Simon, 1886 and Thyene verdieri (Berland & Millot, 1941). The resulting list of salticids from Uganda now contains 141 species, of which 116 are recorded in this country for the first time. There is little overlap in the species list of Uganda and that of the neighbouring countries, not exceeding 40%.
A new genus of chrysilline jumping spiders, Qingattus gen. nov., is established for a new species from southern China: Qingattus wulan spec. nov. (♂♀). Three other new species of Chrysillini are described: Heliophanoides ultramarine spec. nov. (♂♀), Phintella chunfen spec. nov. (♂) and P. yi spec. nov. (♂). Newly recorded from China are Cosmophasis ombria (Thorell, 1877) (♂♀), Heliophanus chovdensis Prószyński, 1982 (♂♀), and Okinawicius tokarensis (Bohdanowicz & Prószyński, 1987) (♂♀).
BACKGROUND: The Eastern Cape province of South Africa has a rich floral diversity, with seven of the country's eight floral biomes represented in the province. The non-acarine arachnid fauna of the province is largely understudied and considerable gaps exist in our knowledge of the distribution, diversity and levels of endemism of the arachnid fauna. OBJECTIVES: To address this, non-acarine arachnids were sampled intensively in the Afromontane forests and surrounding biotopes in the Amathole Mountains over the course of a decade. METHODS: In the present contribution, comprehensive checklists of the non-acarine arachnids (specifically, the orders Amblypygi, Araneae, Opiliones, Pseu-doscorpiones and Scorpiones) of the region are presented, based on a combination of field sampling, provenance data from museum specimen databases, and a review of the historical literature. RESULTS: In total, 398 species of non-acarine arachnids have been recorded from the Amathole Mountains, with spiders (Araneae; 324 species from 51 families) and harvestmen (Opiliones; 41 species from four families) the richest groups. The region is exceptionally rich in harvestmen and pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpio-nes; 24 species from 11 families), and might be considered a hotspot of biodiversity and endemism for these taxa. CONCLUSION: As the sampling was concentrated around Hogsback, and most other areas remain undersampled, further efforts should be made to sample all representative biotopes more comprehensively in the mountain range. This will improve understanding of the distribution and endemism of the arachnid fauna and assess the conservation significance of the region from a national perspective.
A new species of jumping spider from the genus Afraflacilla Berland & Millot, 1941 is described from India. A detailed morphological description, diagnosis and illustrations of the reproductive organs are provided. Distribution of the new species is also mapped.
Professor Wanda Wesołowska (maiden name Nowysz)—an internationally recognised expert in the taxonomy of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)—was born in Włocławek (Central Poland) on 11 August 1950. Wanda spent her youth and received her primary and secondary education in Szczecin (NW Poland). After finishing school in 1968, she entered the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, where she studied biology. Wanda graduated with a MSc degree in 1973. Her thesis was devoted to birds and was titled “Observations on the water and marsh birds on the storage-reservoir on the Vistula river near Włocławek during migration seasons”. This research was published as a scientific paper (Nowysz-Wesołowska 1976). Thus, Wanda began her scientific career with research on birds, an interest that is not uncommon among arachnologists (e.g., Pontus Palmgren, Michael I. Saaristo and Eugène Simon). This passion was shared with her future husband Tomasz Wesołowski. While still a student, Wanda undertook several regional field trips and published four papers on birds, with most of them being co-authored with Tomasz (Nowysz & Wesołowski 1972, 1973a,b; Nowysz 1973). Recently, Wanda and Tomasz celebrated the 40th anniversary of their marriage with another joint paper devoted to the ecology of the fluke Leucochloridium and its effect on the behaviour of the snail Succinea putris (Wesołowska & Wesołowski 2014). Wanda and Tomasz have one daughter, Olga, who currently works at the Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology at the Wrocław Medical Unversity (Poland), and a grandson, Mikołaj.
