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Suez Canal is a vital navigational passageway linking between east and west. The present study monitored both water quality and macroalgal groups, in five sites (Port Said, Qantara, Ismailia, Fayed and Suez) along Suez Canal, throughout one year. Physico-chemical properties of water exhibited local variations, giving noticeable maximum concentratio...
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... sites, named Port Said, Qantara, Ismailia, Fayed and Suez, were selected as a study area along Suez Canal-Egypt (Fig. 1). The sample collected at each site from three locations with symmetrical separation fixed distances (2 km). Generally, the study area characterized by arid climate and rocks, sand and / or mud substratum. It is exposed to disturbance and pollutant due to increasing the number and activity of ships and containers, beside the ...
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... Its coastal areas of Egypt are very interesting high temperatures and competition with coastal flora and fauna [32]. Therefore, it is very important to study their variations and distribution at different times and places [33]. In this study, green, red and brown macroalgae species were collected from the Red Sea shore, Egypt, during four seasons. ...
Macroalgae are significant biological resources in coastal marine ecosystems. Seasonality influences macroalgae biochemical characteristics, which consequentially affect their ecological and economic values. Here, macroalgae were surveyed from summer 2017 to spring 2018 at three sites at 7 km (south) from El Qusier, 52 km (north) from Marsa Alam and 70 km (south) from Safaga along the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Across all the macroalgae collected, Caulerpa prolifera (green macroalgae), Acanthophora spicifera (red macroalgae) and Cystoseira myrica, Cystoseira trinodis and Turbinaria ornata (brown macroalgae) were the most dominant macroalgal species. These macroalgae were identified at morphological and molecular (18s rRNA) levels. Then, the seasonal variations in macroalgal minerals and biochemical composition were quantified to determine the apt period for harvesting based on the nutritional requirements for commercial utilizations. The chemical composition of macroalgae proved the species and seasonal variation. For instance, minerals were more accumulated in macroalgae C. prolifera, A. spicifera and T. ornata in the winter season, but they were accumulated in both C. myrica and C. trinodis in the summer season. Total sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and phenolic contents were higher in the summer season. Accordingly, macroalgae collected during the summer can be used as food and animal feed. Overall, we suggest the harvesting of macroalgae for different nutrients and metabolites in the respective seasons.
... This is in accordance with the observed proliferation of Ulva and Chaetomorpha species near waste discharges at the Libyan coast (El-Adl et al. 2017). Furthermore, proliferation of these macroalgal species in the Suez Canal was associated with a marked ability to accumulate N and P from sewage-polluted waters (Mofeed & Deyab 2015). By contrast, as pollution avoiders, detection and proliferation of rhodophytes and ochrophytes were positively linked with seawater DO. ...
This pioneering investigation relates pollution indicators and substrate characteristics to algal diversity at seven sites along the eastern Libyan coast during autumn 2018 and spring 2019. Seawater chemical composition and algal diversity exhibited marked temporal and spatial variability. High concentrations of inorganic phosphorus (Pi), nitrite (NO2⁻) and nitrate (NO3⁻), along with low dissolved oxygen (DO) were used as indicators of water pollution. Water pollution status and nature of substrate were correlated with algal distribution and diversity. The algal community was dominated by rhodophytes followed by chlorophytes and ochrophytes, whereas cyanophytes and xanthophytes were rare. Interestingly, Xanthophyta was represented by the freshwater alga Vaucheria piloboloides. Chlorophytes, particularly Ulva spp, were associated with polluted sites, whereas rhodophytes and ochrophytes dominated the more pristine sites. Chlorophytes, rhodophytes and xanthophytes were more abundant in the cold season (October–December), whereas cyanophytes and ochrophytes were found in greater abundance in the warm season (March–May). In addition to the effect of pollution and climate, the nature of the substrate had a profound influence on algal diversity. The agreement between frequency of occurrence and percentage cover observed in cyanophytes, chlorophytes and ochrophytes was less evident in rhodophytes. The present work concludes that the enhanced urbanization at the eastern Libyan coast, with emergence of point source pollution mainly of municipal and industrial origins, has impacted the diversity of algal communities, leading to dominance of Chlorophyta, particularly Ulva spp, over the other algal groups at polluted sites.
... Suez Bay area showed rising of Ca +2 , Na + , K + , HCO -, Cl-, and SO4 2-values compared to the other areas and this may be attributed to the high pollution of seawater which receive huge number of pollutants as a result of the activity of the condensed petroleum industrialization, discharged run-off from fertilizer and glass factories in addition the organic wastes from city sewage in this area [33]. Port Said area showed the greatest values of nitrogen and phosphorus than the other studied areas. ...
... Dendrogram analysis classified site II (port Said) in separate group with high dissimilarity compared with the major other group contain IV and I (port Said) with separation from VI, VII and VIII (Suez Bay), where VI & VIII were gathered in minor subgroup. This is agreed with Mofeed and Deyab, 2015 [33], who reported that, seaweeds in natural systems have the ability to resist and to recover from disturbance, but it is largely dependent on life composition in the aquatic environment. ...
The noticeable lack in macroalgae number and their vegetation composition in the Suez Canal district may refer to the importance of studying and following the temporal and spatial patterns that are in change in space and time. Therefore, we have to follow regular biodiversity monitoring to elucidate the changes to seaweed vegetation in the Suez Canal area that might occur as seasonal variations or anthropogenic impacts. The present study extended from summer 2020 to spring 2021 along the Suez Canal district, including eight sites at Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea, Timsah Lake in Ismailia and Suez Bay in the Red Sea. Distribution of seaweeds is usually affected by environmental factors as temperature, salinity, pH, and water chemistry. Most of the chemical parameters recorded very high concentrations (high significant) at the sites in the Suez Bay area during all seasons, excluding nitrogen and phosphorus, which were elevated recordings in the Port Said area. El-Timsah Lake area recorded an increase in salinity which was considered as a brackish stratification type. The taxonomic groups of the recorded species showed a total of 39 macroalgal taxa (20 Chlorophyta, 16 Rhodophyta and 3 Phaeophyta). Port Said area recorded the highest significant number of Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta communities. The relative abundance of macroalgal divisions was Chlorophyta, which formed the main coverage. Enteromorpha-Ulva community was characterized during all the study seasons. Multivariate analysis showed the great relation between seaweed distribution, physicochemical parameters and seasonal variations.
... ( El-Asmar et al., 2015). Mofeed et al., (2015) collected macrooalgal groups throughout one year from five sites along the Suez Canal (Port Said, Qantara, Ismailia, Fayed, and Suez). The authors reported a total of 34 macroalgal species (14 Chlorophyta, 12 Phaeophyta, and 8 Rhodophyta). ...
Marine algae (Seaweeds) are photosynthetic organisms living in seas and oceans. They are known to have several benefits and are recognized as a source of several important bioactive compounds. In the present review, we present brief information concerning marine algae, their classification, distribution, and importance. Also, we are focusing on studies concerning marine algae collected from Egyptian coasts. The review highlights the important studies concerned by evaluating the bioactivity and chemical composition of marine algae in Egypt. The present review contains the main results of experimental studies discussing the antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-cancer activities of seaweeds. It also contains principle results for studies about the use of seaweed biomass as adsorbents for water treatment and as environmental pollution bio-monitors. The data provided in this review offer a scientific background about marine algae in Egypt that could be very helpful for researchers working in this area. © 2020, Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health. All rights reserved.
... It is essential to the metabolic activities of most aquatic organisms (Mofeed and Abdel-Aal, 2015). On the other hand, it required for transformation reactions (oxidation, nitrification, and decomposition) of all the chemical compounds in the water (Touliabah et al., 2002;Mofeed and Deyab, 2015). The average of dissolved oxygen during the investigation period fluctuated from 5.4 to 8.5 mg.L -1 , which means that Bardawil Lagoon can be considered as a well-oxygenated ecosystem because it usually contains concentrations of DO above the minimum WHO standard (5 mg .L -1 ) in water quality assessment (Nkwo et al., 2010). ...
Bardawil Lagoon is a source of wildlife and high-quality fish, so, it is imperative that it should be subject to continuous monitoring of both water quality and the phytoplankton composition. Samples were collected from ten sites representing different habitats of the lagoon, from summer 2017 to spring 2018. The water properties were determined; noticeable low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients were recorded. A total of 106 species belonging to six groups were recorded, among them Bacillariophyta (69 species) and Dinophyta (26 species). The obtained results clarify that Bacillariophytes prevailed in the eastern sites of Bardawil; on the contrary, Dinophytes occupied the sovereignty in the western sites of the lagoon. The most abundant Bacillariophytes were Licmophora gracilis, Gyrosigma acuminatum, Fragilaria construens, and Nitzschia sigmoidea; which formed more than 50% of total abounded diatoms. While, Protoperidinium leonis, Prorocentrum gracile and Protoperidinium granii were the dominant Dinophytes, giving it maximum at El-Rewak. From reviewing previous studies on the lagoon, it becomes clear that the phytoplankton composition varied widely from previously recorded, including the dominant species and their rates of sovereignty, which reflected economically on its fish productivity. Besides, the water quality in Bardawil fluctuated from slightly-polluted to moderately-polluted according to the diversity index, as a result of the recent, noticeable increase in human activities, especially fishing, which will be in turn reflected in the environment. Therefore, continuous follow-up through ecological assessment and monitoring studies of Bardawil became an urgent necessity.
