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RESUMEN Se presenta por primera vez una síntesis de la diversidad de especies de las avispas de la familia Vespidae (Hymenoptera; Vespoidea) para Guatemala. En total se registran 90 especies confirmadas de las subfamilias Masarinae, Eumeninae, Polis-tinae y Vespinae, sobre la base de literatura, revisión de co-lecciones y colectas propias. Los Eume...
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... Hymenoptera was the most representative order with several species and families; pollinators, and parasitoids; solitary, semi-social and eusocial species were registered; some of them with colonies on tree trunks, stems, and substrates (Michener 2000). Most-represented were Tiphia popilliavora Rohwer (Thripidae) reported as a potential alternative in biological control because they attack ground beetle larvae; Scolia dubia (Say) (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) has been used to manage Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the field (Grissell 2007, Van Driesche et al. 2007, Obeysekara et al. 2014, Alcock 2016, Manju et al. 2018, and Polistes pallipes Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) used to regulate lepidopteran pests of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) crops (West-Eberhard 2006, Carpenter et al. 2012). Among the most abundant pollinators were the wasp Neozeloboria sp. ...
The purpose of the study was to investigate the field efficacy of commercial insecticides against Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) and determine the diversity of non-target species associated before and after treatment. Treatments were applied at 35 and 50 days after germination, and associated insects were sampled with yellow traps 48 hours after application of each product. Insect abundance differed significantly from the control that had 1,006 and 3,750 aphids on the first and second days of evaluation, with fewer aphids at the first sampling (35 days). The most effective products were flupyradifurone (Sivanto®), imidacloprid (Uniprid®), acephate (Unifate®), and Chenopodium ambrosioides botanical extract (Requiem®), with efficacies of 99.95% (0.5 aphids/plant), 99.05 (9.5 aphids/plant), 99.41% (6.0 aphids/plant), and 76.78% (233.5 aphids/plant) (Fn,3 = 19.78; df = 5,12; p < 0.001, r² = 0.8918), respectively. At the second sampling (50 days), efficacy of flupyradifurone was 100%, and Ch. ambrosioides plant-derived product and spinetoram (Palgus®) were opposite (Fn,3 = 43.14; df = 5,12; p < 0.001, r² = 0.9473). We collected 980 insects associated with sorghum, in five orders, 26 families, and 53 species of Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and Neuroptera. Species richness increased as abundance decreased. Species richness and abundance were greatest at the first assessment. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was between 1.2 and 1.6 for the first assessment and 1.8 and 2.4 for the second evaluation. Flupyradifurone, imidacloprid and acephate should be included in integrated management of M. sacchari, considering adequate use of the product.
... De la familia Vespidae en México se conocen cerca de 346 especies, con 82 especies endémicas para el país (Morrone y Márquez, 2008;Richards, 1978). Aún faltan muchas especies por ser registradas en México; en Guatemala se conocen 90 especies, de las cuales 23 también están presentes en Yucatán (Carpenter, Garcete-Barrett y López, 2012). Esta familia es diversa e incluye a muchas avispas depredadoras y solitarias y a casi todas las especies eusociales de avispas del orden Hymenoptera. ...
En este trabajo se presenta la información faunística de avispas depredadoras, reunida en un año de recolectas en 6 áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) del estado de Yucatán, México. Los resultados se compararon con la información publicada para el estado y se determinó la similitud en la composición de las especies entre las ANP. Se determinaron 1,145 ejemplares pertenecientes a 4 familias, los cuales se encuentran depositados en la Colección Entomológica Regional de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Se registraron 78 especies y morfoespecies; 26 especies son nuevos registros para Yucatán y la península de Yucatán. La familia Vespidae fue la mejor representada (68% de los ejemplares), seguida de Pompilidae (23%), Crabronidae (8%) y Sphecidae (1%). Las ANP con el mayor número de especies fueron Yalahau y Tabi (43 y 32 especies, respectivamente). La mayor similitud, en la composición de especies, se encontró entre las ANP Kabah y Tabi (57%). Los resultados indican que se requieren más estudios encaminados a conocer la fauna de avispas depredadoras en la región tropical de México.
... The family Pompilidae is characteristic of the Hymenoptera in terms of morphology and behavior, because they prey exclusively on spiders, prefer to nest in the soil, and are active throughout the year (Wasbauer 1995, Shlyakhtenok andAgunovich 2001). Members of the family Vespidae are predatory species, both solitary and social, that commonly consume Lepidoptera larvae and feed the young with larvae of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera (Colombo et al. 2005, Carpenter et al. 2012). However, the richness and abundance of the active species vary throughout the year (Shlyakhtenok and Agunovich 2001). ...
... Gauld and Bolton (1988) suggested that vespids prefer small lepidopteran larvae, coleopteran larvae, or both. The subfamily Masarinae are the exception because they stock their nests with pollen and nectar, being oligolectic species (i.e., they feed on a few species of related plants) (Hanson and Gauld 1995, West-Eberhard et al. 1995, Carpenter et al. 2012. ...
Current knowledge regarding predatory wasps (Hymenoptera) of the Yucatan Peninsula, an important region of the Mexican Neotropics, was reviewed. The review includes an overview of the richness of predatory wasps at global, regional, and national levels, as well as revision of pedotrophic and nesting behavior of the species. The review showed the known diversity of species in the Yucatan Peninsula, and that information on pedotrophic and nesting behavior is sparse. To date, 78 species have been recorded in the Yucatan Peninsula. The Family Vespidae has the most species (36) followed by Crabronidae (20), Pompilidae (18), and Sphecidae (four). Most species in the Peninsula were recorded in the state of Yucatan, while few species were recorded in Campeche and Quintana Roo. The pedotrophic behavior of the wasps involves use of some species of insects and caterpillars and spiders. Nests of predatory wasps were most often constructed in the soil or of clay. Further studies are recommended to better understand ecological interactions, as well as the origin and evolution of social behavior and the role wasps play as predators of other arthropods in tropical ecosystems.
Zethus Fabricius is the largest genus within Vespidae with nearly 300 species. The genus has a central role on discussion of social evolution, once some species share behavioral features between solitary and social representatives of vespids and the genus has been recovered as phylogenetically closer to social wasps than to other Eumeninae. The Zethus olmecus species group is even more remarkable since there are observations of communal nesting behavior, a fact misused as support for the hypothesis of closer relationship to social wasps. Herein we closely investigate the taxonomy of this group of species, the first step needed for future studies to properly approach its evolution. The taxonomic approach involved examination of external morphology and male genitalia. Five new species are described for the group: Z. bolivari n. sp., Z. hermesi n. sp., Z. hexacirratus n. sp., Z. perilloi n. sp., and Z. utingensis n. sp. The unknown female of Z. peruvicus is also described. An illustrated taxonomic key is presented. Geographical distribution is expanded for Z. peruvicus, Z. pygmaeus, Z. thoracicus, and Z. toltecus. Finally, additional notes and corrections of existing literature are given.
A taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia chartergoides species-group was undertaken. Protopolybia isthmensis (Richards) stat. nov. is elevated to the level of species. The male genitalia of P. chartergoides (Gribodo), P. fuscata (Fox), and P. pallidibalteatus (Cameron) are illustrated and described. New collection records and new identification keys are presented for the species groups of Protopolybia, and the species within the P. chartergoides species-group.
