Figura 3 - uploaded by Maricela Montalvo-Corral
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Porcentaje de células APC en intestino delgado de ratones C3H/HeN infectados con Giardia lamblia. A) Población MHC-II hi CD11c hi CD103 + y B) CD11c + F4/80 +. Las imágenes son representativas de un ensayo n=4 ratones/tiempo (0, 2, 6 y 8 días post infección) en el grupo control (PBS) y el suplementado con CLA. Los datos de porcentaje de cada población doble-positiva se analizaron en un diseño factorial de 2 x 4 GLM ANOVA. Literales diferentes significan diferencias entre tratamientos, diferencias en el tiempo de infección se muestran con *(p0.05).
Source publication
Introduction: Giardia lamblia, a protozoan intestinal parasite is able to evade or suppress defense mechanisms, such as innate response. Antigen presenting cells (APC) like dendritic cells may orchestrate an immune response and support a more effective adaptive defense. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a dietary lipid, has shown biological activity...
Citations
... Animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Intestinal cells were isolated using a previously reported protocol (22) with some modifications (23). In brief, the small intestine was surgically removed in aseptic conditions, sectioned, opened longitudinally, and washed with PBS to detach all fecal material. ...
... In our study, the increased Foxp3 and IL-10 expression suggests that Treg proliferation could be favored after infection. Previously, Montalvo-Corral et al. (23) showed that CLA supplementation in a C3H/HeN murine giardiasis model affects the CD103 + antigen-presenting cell population, which is involved with Tregs. Moreover, the presence of TGF-β has been shown to induce plasticity in Th17 cells by making them IL-10-producing, Treg ex-Th17 cells (52). ...
Objectives:
Adaptive immunity is crucial in controlling Giardia lamblia infection in the intestinal mucosa, and some dietary lipids may improve mucosal immune function. The aim of this study was to evaluate conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the Th17/Treg response and secretory IgA production in a model of giardiasis infection.
Materials and methods:
C3H/HeN male mice were infected with 5×106 G. lamblia trophozoites (GS/M-83-H7, ATCC collection). Mice were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. CLA was administered to the experimental group and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was given to the control group. Parasite load kinetics was determined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate IgA and cytokines. Nuclear transcription factors and cytokines were measured by RT-qPCR, and histology of small bowel cells was evaluated.
Results:
CLA administration reduced the parasite load (P<0.05) and increased early Giardia-specific secretory IgA production. CLA also increased the expression of interleukin-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (P<0.05), while infection elevated the expression of Foxp3, with a peak at 40 days post-infection (P<0.05). There were no pathological changes in the colonic mucosa due to infection or treatment. Thus, CLA stimulated mucosal immunity and enhanced the humoral response against G. lamblia, not only for early infection control but also to promote regulatory cytokine production at 40 dpi, restoring the intestinal balance after parasite elimination.
Conclusion:
Our findings reveal novel anti-parasitic effects through the immune-modulatory activity of CLA against the intestinal parasite G. lamblia.
The aim was to evaluate the immune and parasitic response of Pelibuey sheep infected with gastrointestinal nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, GIN) and supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Twenty-four Pelibuey male lambs were distributed into one of four groups of six animals, placed in individual pens, in a completely randomised design, allotted to four treatments as follows: T1) No larval challenge without CLA (control group); T2) Larval challenge without CLA; T3) Larval challenge and 1% CLA; and 4) Larval challenge and 3% CLA. All the lambs were on grazing conditions before the experimental period. The haematologic, immune, parasitic and productive responses were evaluated. Total leukocytes, lymphocytes and eosinophils were different between treatments (p ≤ .05), but not granulocytes (p > .05). Haematocrit (HCT), and red blood cell count (RBC) decreased (p ≤ .0001), while mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased in infected lambs supplemented with CLA, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased with respect to control lambs. Haemoglobin (HGB) was the only variable that was not different between treatments (P = 0.113). The faecal egg count (FEC), plasma protein (PP), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were not modified among treatments (p > .05). Daily weight gain was not different between treatments (p > .05). Supplementing Pelibuey lambs with conjugated linoleic acid did not modify their immune response, nor did the parasitic infection, but it did affect the blood parameters. The nutritional factor had an essential role in such response.
• Highlights
• New alternatives in parasitic control in sheep
• Conjugated linoleic acid modulates the immune response in sheep
• Nutritional factor could be an excellent control mechanism against parasitic infections
