Figura 2 - uploaded by Armando Carrasquero
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Resumen Las concentraciones de naftaleno (Naf), fenantreno (Fen), antraceno (Ant) y pireno (Pir) fueron cuantificadas por CG-FID en muestras de polvo de la calle de varios puntos de la ciudad de Maracay, Estado Aragua, Venezuela. Los resultados promedio para 22 muestras fueron Naf= 2,15 µg g-1 , Fen= 10,06 µg g-1 , Ant= 37,98 µg g-1 y Pir= 25,00 µg...
Citations
... An increase of PAHs in PM 10 total values could be noticed in the industrial area for the last period as a result of high levels of Ant in autumn 2014 (see supplementary material, Table B1) This compound is used for the manufacture of fast dyes, as a diluent for wood preservatives and in the production of synthetic fibres, plastics and monocrystals; it is associated mainly to the combustion of gasoline, diesel or wood burning, all these corresponding to inputs of manufacturing processes developed in the area. These origins explain the presence of PAHs in all other samples, in relation to vehicular activity and burning of wood for heating, mainly in areas C and R. Total PAHs in R are twice the values found in C (Carrasquero-Dur an and Gonz alez Su arez, 2012;Mastandrea et al., 2005;Wiriya et al., 2013). 28.8% of the PAHs present in these samples have been classified by IARC as compounds of interest due to their health effects on humans. ...
WHO (2012) reports that chronic exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), causes the death of 7 million people, constituting the most important environmental risk for health in the world. IARC classifies contaminated outdoor air as carcinogenic, Group 1 category. However, in our countries there are few studies regarding air pollution levels and possible associated effects on public health.
The current study determined PM and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in outdoor air, identified their possible emission sources and analysed health risks in the city of Tandil (Argentina). PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected using a low volume sampler (MiniVol TAS) in three areas: city centre, industrial and residential. Concentrations were determined by gravimetric methods and the content of the US EPA 16 priority PAHs was found by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Description of the main emission sources and selection of monitoring sites resulted from spatial analysis and the IVE (International Vehicle Emissions) model was used in the characterisation of the traffic flow. Median values of 35.7 μgm⁻³ and 9.6 μgm⁻³ in PM10 and PM2.5 respectively and characteristic profiles were found for each area. Local values PAHs associated to PM10 and PM2.5, in general, were lower than 10ngm⁻³. The estimated Unit Risk for the three areas exceeds US EPA standards (9 × 10⁻⁵). The number of deaths attributable to short term exposure to outdoor PM10 was 4 cases in children under 5 years of age, and 21 cases in total population, for a relative risk of 1.037.
