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Odontesthes smitti, modificado de SMITT (1898: Pl. IV: 30). Figure 18. Odontesthes smitti, modified from SMITT (1898: PI. IV: 30).
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... Order Atheriniformes (Figure 5 Identification. Less than 60 scales on the lateral line; 11-15 scales on a transversal row; dorsal and anal fins with a spiny unsegmented anterior ray; 2 dorsal fins; dorsal fin at the vertical line that passes through the anus; second dorsal finishes at the same level than the anal fin, or slightly posterior; with horizontal silver stripes on the sides of the body (Serra et al., 2014;Ringuelet et al., 1961;Dyer, 2000). Identification. ...
Parque Nacional Aconquija es el único parque nacional de la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina, y uno de los más importantes del noroeste y de todo el país, debido a que es el parque con mayor gradiente altitudinal de Argentina (Administración de Parques Nacionales, 2023), que va desde los 511 hasta los 5450 m s.n.m. Dado que este parque nacional es de reciente creación, la mayor parte de su territorio aún no ha sido investigado en cuanto a su diversidad de especies. Los cuerpos de agua de esta zona están representados por ríos y arroyos de montaña pertenecientes a la cuenca del Salí-Dulce. El presente estudio proporciona una lista de especies de peces de agua dulce presentes en el Parque Nacional Aconquija. La investigación se llevó a cabo en cuatro áreas del parque nacional, es el primer abordaje para estudiar la ictiofauna del Parque, analizamos 427 individuos distribuidos en 5 órdenes, 10 familias y 20 especies. Cada una de las especies tiene ejemplares testigo depositados en la colección Ictiológica de la Fundación Miguel Lillo.
... We applied similar sampling effort and obtained comparable fish assemblage samples from each habitat in each site. Collected fish were sedated with BZ-20 anesthetic, identified to species level using specialized fish identification keys [33][34][35], counted, and returned to their original habitats. ...
Longitudinal connectivity is the main attribute of river ecosystems and is essential for the maintenance of aquatic biota. When longitudinal connectivity decreases in a river network, abundance of some fish species decreases, and local extinctions may occur. Such abundance decreases and extinctions affect local assemblage structure (alpha diversity) and result in a high degree of dissimilarity among local assemblages (higher beta diversity). Specific ecological mechanisms that are behind these biodiversity changes induced by connectivity loss remain poorly understood. Here, we assessed the effects of fragmentation at the local and basin level, as well as local environmental variables on local fish diversity patterns in eight Andean river basins in central Chile (32-39 • S). The results indicated that fish assemblages inhabiting pool habitats in highly fragmented basins were characterized by significantly lower species richness and alpha diversity mainly driven by absence of fish species with high dispersion capacities. Our results highlight the importance of the effects of barrier cascades upstream as drivers of local native fish diversity. Sustainable hydropower development necessitates system scale planning of the placement of future barriers and should consider both local and basin scale biodiversity indicators.
... Several fish species use surf-zones as nursery areas, feeding grounds and migratory pathways (Bergamino et al., 2011;Olds et al., 2018). R. arcuata and Odontesthes argentinensis, both with a wide distribution in coastal areas in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, could make use of the surf-zones in such ways (Dyer, 2000;Lopez Cazorla et al., 2011). R. arcuata is a main functional component of the ecosystem of BBE, where it is one of the most abundant species (Molina et al., 2021). ...
This study explores the changes of biological descriptors -richness, diversity and abundance-of faunal surf-zone assemblage along a temperate coastal fringe. Three mesotidal sandy beaches with different morphodynamic states, adjacent to an estuarine zone, were seasonally sampled during a year. Zooplankton, zoobenthos and fish samples were taken in the surf-zone and a set of potential explanatory environmental variables were measured and/or quantified. Generalized linear models (GLM) were employed to compare environmental and biological variables between beaches and seasons. Beaches varied from tide-dominated flat to tide-modified reflective to intermediate. The assemblage included 108 taxa, of which few were numerically dominant. Richness of each biological group was similar along the shore and higher values of α-diversity were associated with minimum values of total abundance. β-diversity was mainly a consequence of species turnover, mostly due to changes in zoobenthic and zooplanktonic taxa. Results of GLM test showed that seasons and beaches have an interdependent effect on the abundance of the surf-zone assemblage. All biological groups showed marked seasonal variability in its occurrence, possibly associated with environmental variables, such as temperature and photosynthetic pigment concentrations. Zooplankton and fish groups reached maximum abundance, during autumn and spring respectively, in tide-modified beaches where the surf-zone was well developed and waves reached higher heights. Zoobenthic abundance peaked in beaches with narrower surf-zone and lower wave energy, during autumn, winter and spring, which could be advantageous for those taxa that escape from predators by burying or for species that actively swim near the seafloor. The copepod Acartia tonsa, the clupeidae fish Ramnogaster arcuata and the mysids Arthromysis magellanica and Neomysis americana all typical species of the neighboring estuary, were the main responsibles for these distribution patterns. The connection of the surf-zone with the adjacent estuarine area is also evident by its role in enriching the dissolved organic matter of surf-waters.
... The new world marine silverside Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), is a large species considered of wide distribution along the coastal ecosystems of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean between Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, 22 • S) and Argentina (Rawson, 43 • S) (Dyer, 2000;Di Dario et al., 2014). O. argentinensis is captured by both artisanal fishermen and by recreational coastal fishing, being an economically significant resource for local fishermen in southern South America (De Buen, 1953;Chao et al., 1985;Sampaio, 2006). ...
The Southwestern Atlantic coast (32–38°S) is one of the regions most affected by environmental changes (temperature, salinity, etc.), which can influence all life stages of fish species like de ones belong to the family Atherinopsidae (neotropical silversides). Considering that silverside species adapt easily to changing environments, we studied the diet composition and feeding strategy in relation with seasonal changes (intra- and inter-annual) and ontogenetic development of the silverside Odontesthes argentinensis. Stomach content of 416 specimens sampled between October 2015 and March 2017 (Partido de La Costa) and 68 specimens between July 2017 and August 2018 (Samborombón Bay) were analyzed. Zooplankton samples were taken and seawater environmental parameters were measured. The relative contribution of each prey was calculated and their evaluation by Amundsen graphical method, determined that importance of each prey, feeding strategy and niche width of O. argentinensis, changed not only among development stage but also among season and years. Results suggested that these variations were a reply to the complex environmental variation which affected the availability of food, so O. argentinensis could be used as regional indicator of environmental variations. The information obtained in this study evidences the importance of knowing variations in feeding strategy to get a better growth rate during rearing in captivity.
... Fish assemblages in Chilean river systems are highly endemic and species-poor [16][17][18]. The singularity of these assemblages is caused by geological history with recent glaciation event (18,000 years ago), isolation by geographic barriers as well as short length, steep slopes, and oligotrophic waters of Chilean rivers [16,18,19]. ...
The effects of human-induced stressors on riverine fish assemblages are still poorly understood, especially in species-poor assemblages such as those of temperate South American rivers. In this study we evaluated the effects of human-induced stressors on the taxonomic and functional facets of fish assemblages of two central-southern Chilean rivers: the Biobío River (flow regulated by multiple dams) and the Valdivia River (free-flowing). The study design considered reference condition, urban polluted, and urban-industrial polluted sites. To evaluate the effects of stressors on fish assemblages we assessed: (i) components of beta diversity; (ii) spatial and temporal patterns of fish structure using a multivariate approach; and (iii) functional diversity (specialization, originality, dispersion, and entropy) using linear models. We found a strong association between taxonomic and functional fish assemblage facets with a predominance of natural processes in the Valdivia River reflected in marked temporal dynamics. In contrast, the Biobío River showed a clear loss of association with seasonal pattern, and both taxonomic and functional facets appeared to respond significantly to pollution zones. Implementation of stricter environmental policies and integrated river basin management are instrumental for conserving species-poor fish assemblages in Chilean temperate rivers characterized by low functional traits redundancy.
... The surf silversides Notocheirus hubbsi are small, laterally compressed and deep-bodied fish that feature singular morphological traits, such as high-positioned pectoral fins and the presence of odontodes on the dermal bones of their heads and scales (Saeed et al. 1994, Dyer 2000. This species is distributed from Coquimbo, Chile (southeastern Pacific Ocean) and Puerto Deseado, Argentina (south-western Atlantic Ocean), to the southernmost limit of Tierra del Fuego (Dyer & Chernoff 1996, Carrasco et al. 2017, Díaz-Astudillo et al. 2019). ...
... In the laboratory, larvae were sorted and identified according to the descriptions from Dyer (2000). All individuals were dissected for stomach content analysis, but only a few presented highly digested remains that were of no use to conduct further analyses. ...
Abundance of early life stages of the surf silverside Notocheirus hubbsi (Teleostei, Atheriniformes) in the coastal nearshore of central Chile Abundancia de estadios tempranos del pejerreicillo Notocheirus hubbsi (Teleostei, Atheriniformes) en las costas de Chile central Abstract.-The abundance of early stages of the surf silverside Notocheirus hubbsi in nearshore waters of central Chile, collected in samplings set up to assess the lunar cycle during austral spring and summer is reported. A total of 19 specimens were collected with light traps, 16 larvae (7.89-16.20 mm SL) in austral spring and 3 juveniles (30.70-34.60 mm SL) in summer. Capture per unit effort (CPUE) varied from 0.33 to 2.00 ind. light trap-1 night-1 during the entire study period (). N. hubbsi catches recorded maximum abundance during the new moon and no catches during full moon.
... The Biobío and Imperial river basins are located in the Chilean biodiversity hotspot with high endemism of fish and macroinvertebrate species (Myers and Worm, 2003;Dyer, 2000, Valdovinos, 2008. The Biobío River has the highest fish species richness in Chile, with a total of 18 native species, and 5 non-native species. ...
Hydropeaking leads to major anthropogenic disturbance of river networks worldwide. Flow variation imposed by hydropeaking may significantly affect macroinvertebrate assemblages within the river network. As such, the responses of macroinvertebrate assemblages to hydropeaking are expected to be complex and vary across spatial and temporal scales as well as ecological organization levels. To unpack this complexity, we assessed the interplay of geomorphic and hydrological variables as drivers of the responses of macroinvertebrate assemblages to hydropeaking. Specifically, we studied different levels of ecological organization of macroinvertebrate assemblages in two functional process zones (FPZs; Sub-Andean and Central Valley Gravel Dominated) subjected to different flow management in two Chilean Andean river networks. Hydropeaking caused significant reduction of macroinvertebrate abundances in both FPZs and at all ecological organization levels with the exception of one feeding guild (scrapers). Furthermore, the response of macroinvertebrate assemblage variance was stronger in the Central Valley Gravel Dominated FPZ. Both geomorphic and hydrological variables drove macroinvertebrate assemblage responses. However, the effects of the principal geomorphic variables operated at valley (meso) spatial scale and main hydrological variables operated at sub-daily (micro) temporal scale. Therefore, to minimize the effects of hydropeaking on macroinvertebrate assemblages, flow management should consider reduction of sub-daily variability. Furthermore, placement of new barriers should take into account not only their position within the river network but also their effects downstream that strongly depend on characteristics of river valley.
... Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), Urophycis brasiliensis (Kaup, 1858), and Brevoortia aurea (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) are important in fisheries as transnational marine resources. O. argentinensis is a marine species distributed between _________________ Corresponding editor: Leonardo Abitia Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°S), and Rawson, Argentina (43°S) (Dyer, 2000;Di Dario et al., 2014). U. brasiliensis is a euryhaline species found in the western Atlantic between southern Brazil (23°S) and southern Argentina (San Jorge Gulf; 45°S) (Bovcon et al., 2011;Lemes et al., 2016). ...
Length-weight (LWR) and length-length (LLR) relationships were described for three marine fish species Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835), Urophycis brasiliensis (Kaup, 1858) and Brevoortia aurea (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean coast, among sampling sites between 36 and 38°S. These species have commercial importance in fisheries. Latitudinal change in LWR could suggest the existence of different subpopulations throughout their distribution ranges. A total of 2,167 specimens were collected between August 2015 and October 2018 using lift nets (mostly 10 mm mesh size) and fishing rods 100-200 m offshore. Both relationships were highly significant (P < 0.0001) for all species and produced robust coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.94). The latitudinal trend of a and b parameters of LWR showed different patterns for each species. This study provides a new maximum length for B. aurea and describes the variation of the regression parameters. New length-length relationships of these species were reported.
... Actualmente se reconoce la presencia de ocho especies de pejerreyes en aguas continentales, marinas y estuariales de Chile continental, pertenecientes a los géneros Basilichthys Girard, 1855 y Odontesthes Evermann y Kendall, 1906 (Dyer 1997(Dyer , 2000(Dyer , 2006. En la región del Norte Grande de Chile hay dos especies de aguas continentales del género Basilichthys, una especie endémica del río Loa (en proceso de descripción) y B. semotilus Cope, 1874, hallada en el río Lluta. ...
... La única otra especie de pejerrey hallada en el Norte Grande es la especie litoral marina Odontesthes regia Humboldt, 1821, cuyo rango de distribución es desde el norte de Perú (Piura, 5° LS) hasta el archipiélago de los Chonos por el sur (Aysén, 46° LS) (Dyer y Gosztonyi, 1999). Otros pejerreyes de aguas continentales con distribución actual más distante son: el pejerrey de río B. microlepidotus (Jenyns, 1841) encontrado desde el río Huasco, 28° 30' LS, hasta la isla Grande de Chiloé, 42° LS; el pejerrey estuarial o cauque del norte O. brevianalis (Günther, 1880) desde La Serena, 30° LS, hasta la isla Grande de Chiloé, 42° LS; el pejerrey del Maule o pejerrey de río O. mauleanum (Steindachner, 1896) en ríos y lagos desde la cuenca del río Maule, 35° 20' LS, hasta la cuenca del río Maullín, 41° 30' LS; y el pejerrey patagónico O. hatcheri (Eigenmann 1909) presente en Chile en el río Baker, 47° LS, región de Aysén (Dyer, 2000). ...
... hatcheri) a pesar de estar actualmente presente en Chile muy al sur en el río Baker, región de Aysén. Sin embargo, su distribución en la Patagonia Argentina tiene un amplio rango latitudinal, desde el río Santa Cruz hasta la región de Cuyo (Dyer, 2000). Hay registros precolombinos del consumo de esta especie en aguas continentales de Argentina por los indígenas huarpes, especialmente en la confluencia de los ríos San Juan y Mendoza (32° LS) donde se formaban las lagunas de Guanacache (Corbat, et al. 2015). ...
Archaeological remains from the prehispanic cemetery Topater-1 (223BC) near Calama were recovered between 1981 and 1985, and among them was a complete individual of silverside fish associated to a piece of ceramic. A recent compilation by Benjamin Ballester and collaborators registers over 20 marine species that formed part
of the so called “fish cycle”, which involved production, distribution and consumption of dried fish between coastal and inland settlements of
the Atacama desert during the middle and late Formative period (500BC–AC700). The Topater-1 cemetery is one of the sites considered in their study and makes reference to the presence of an
anchovy, but no silverside as one of us (BDH) had identified by photographs 15 years earlier. Both individuals are unique in that they are complete specimens, of small size, and therefore probably had a more ceremonial connotation as an offering, rather than a food item. The specimen was located at the Museum of Natural and Cultural
History of the Atacama Desert, in Calama, and for its species-level identification it was compared with extant silverside species of the
genera Basilichthys and Odontesthes. The Topater-1silverside specimen was identified as Odontesthes regia, a coastal marine species and new addition to the “fish cycle” list of the prehispanic Formative period of Atacama.
Keywords: Odontesthes regia, external anatomy, “fish cycle”, archaeology, Formative period
... One of the most ecologically and economically important marine coastal species on the southwest coast of the Atlantic Ocean is Odontesthes argentinensis. This species is distributed along the southwest coast of the Atlantic Ocean, between Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°S) and Rawson, Argentina (43°S) (Dyer 2000(Dyer , 2006Di Dario et al. 2013). It is present in the diet of marine mammals and seabirds (Silva Rodríguez et al. 2005;Tombari et al. 2005) and is considered a significant economic resource for in local fisheries in southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina (De Buen 1953;Chao et al. 1985;Sampaio 2006;Llompart et al. 2013Llompart et al. , 2017. ...
... Moreover, fish with larger sulcus have more contact surface with the nervous macula, thus, capturing greater environmental information compared with fish more frequently related to the bottom that present lower sulcus surface (Volpedo and Echeverría 2003;Popper et al. 2005;Jaramillo et al. 2014). Adults of O. argentinensis show a benthic feeding habit (Bemvenuti 1990;Martinetto et al. 2005), inhabiting the coast of the Atlantic Ocean (Dyer 2000). ...
The study of otolith morphometry is a tool widely used in numerous studies of fish populations (fish stocks, taxonomic, ecological, ontogeny, among others). The aim of this study was to detect ontogenetic variations in the otolith of Odontesthes argentinensis through the application of traditional and geometric morphometry and the association of these variations with ecological and trophic habits of the species. Fish (52 to 360 mm TL) were collected seasonally between years 2013–2016 in the southwest coast of the Atlantic Ocean (36°39’30.96”S - 56°40’40.09”W). Otolith shape indices (circularity, rectangularity, aspect ratio and surface occupied by sulcus) and Fourier descriptors were measured and compared through ontogenetic stages (I, II and III). The three stages analysed in the present study were differentiated by both traditional and geometric morphometry. The four analysed indices showed significant differences between stages (ANOVA Kruskal Wallis test, P < 0.001) and a simultaneous analysis of the morphometric variables also showed significant differences (Hotelling’s T² < 0.001). The quadratic discriminant analysis performed on the Fourier descriptors showed a clear separation for each defined group. Therefore, the use of both methodologies simultaneously could be considered robust to evaluate the ontogenetic variations in this species. The observed changes could be associated to changes in the habitat throughout its development, to the sexual maturity of fish and to dietary shifting of these organisms.