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Background/Aim. Among the other challenges of the 21st century, medical waste (MW) has become an arising problem for both the environment and people because of its increasing amount, variety, and complexity. That is way MW management has become one of the very important ecological imperatives. Serbia with no potential for appropriate disposal of al...
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Medical waste management has always been an important topic due to its infectious status. Recently, more care has been given to it due to the COVID-19 pandemic throughout the world. Several methods are applied to handle medical wastes. Incineration and sterilization with autoclave are among the most common medical waste treatment methods. Among all...
Consumer single-use plastic waste has received much attention from the public, policy-makers and researchers. However, the management of such waste in medical settings has been less well examined. This article reviews existing evidence on waste management strategies within hospitals, with a particular focus on single-use plastics. The article devel...
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wreaked havoc all across the world, claiming numerous casualties. Managing the pandemic has resulted in the production of an unprecedented volume of biomedical waste (BMW), in the form of used personal protective equipment (PPE), diagnostic items, etc. It is a matter of utmost urgency that this BM...
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... Unfortunately, there are no other modern facilities for MW treatment, especially with incinerators. Since COVID -19 pandemic, this clear oversight affects the quality of life in the population of people living in rural areas, especially the part of the population living on infectious waste transportation routes [17]. Due to the lack of financial support, effective waste management in hospitals has become a pressing topic regarding separation, storage capacities, transportation, and applied treatment [18]. ...
Infectious medical waste management has always been a burning issue in developing countries. Nowadays, the ongoing struggle with Covid 19 pandemic, increases health risks from infectious medical waste. These are contributed to densely populated urban areas, a week health system in rural areas followed by poor community hygiene and sanitation. The situation that yesterday was just poor medical waste management, now presents a mean for COVID-19 transmission to patients and all hospital staff, as well as the population that lives on the routs for transportation. This study showed the Covid 19 pandemic medical waste effects through the health risk indicator and financial indicator of waste transfer. This research aims to give a brisk assessment of potentially Covid-19 infectious medical waste generated in rural CHC; to identify critical issues related to infectious waste transportation ; to show the costs of transfer per citizens, route of transportation and to present the quantity of waste that is transferred. Analysis of indicators showed that transfer costs are very high compared to dealing with infectious waste on site. Also, it is established increased level risks for the citizens who are living along the transfer routes. Cost analysis completely justifies the recommendation of organizing central places of extermination as near as waste is generated. This will reduce Covid 19 virus spread among population living along routs of infectious waste transportation.
... 101 The goal programming (a program that is commonly used to optimize a process) was used to determine the most suitable incineration location of SMW in Serbia to minimize environmental pollution and risks. 109,110 The optimization models are also noted to be useful for the hospital waste management decision-making process. 111 The application of root cause analysis, risk matrix, failure mode effects analysis, event tree analysis, hazards and operability study, etc. has also been reported in optimizing SMW management systems. ...
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the municipal essential services, including municipal solid waste (MSW) management. This study has reviewed the literature on MSW and solid medical waste (SMW) management systems, waste management initiatives specific to this pandemic, as well as their impacts now and beyond. Waste segregation and separate treatment of waste streams play important roles in reducing the environmental, health, and social impacts of waste and waste management. The global warming potential of MSW and SMW were found to be varied from −0.64 to 520 kg CO2 equiv/tonne and −52.1 to 3730 kg CO2 equiv/tonne, respectively, which widely depend on the sterilization and disposal processes. Similarly, MSW and SMW disposal costs varied from 90 to 1530.0/tonne, respectively. Various changes made to waste collection and management because of the COVID-19 pandemic affected waste segregation and recycling. Since the start of the pandemic, various sectors, including the food, waste management, and healthcare sectors, relied on the increased use of single-use plastics to prevent transmission of COVID-19. An environmentally friendly alternative (biodegradable/compostable) to widely used single-use plastics is desired for easing waste management problems. Although various initiatives are underway to manage growing volumes of MSW and SMW, while controlling the spreading of infectious diseases, the movable grate incineration technology coupled with an adequate disinfection process presents a potential solution in managing the COVID-19 waste challenges. The proper disinfection method and technological choices can mitigate the risk of spreading infections and can improve the waste management system’s sustainability, especially the contaminated waste.
This research examines the role of teacher education in Nigeria’s national development using Google Meet, a virtual learning platform. The study assesses the effectiveness of Google Meet in enhancing educators’ professional development and impacting student learning outcomes. It also investigates the challenges and limitations of implementing virtual teacher training in Nigeria. The findings show that Google Meet can improve education quality and foster professional growth. However, internet connectivity and digital infrastructure challenges hinder widespread adoption, especially in rural areas. The research proposes recommendations for optimizing Google Meet in teacher education, such as providing equitable access to digital resources, investing in robust internet connectivity, and implementing ongoing training for educators. This study offers insights for education policymakers and institutions in Nigeria and other developing countries seeking to leverage technology for teacher education and national development. Aligning teacher training with digital innovations can enhance educational outcomes, foster sustainable development, and prepare citizens for a rapidly evolving global landscape
Agriculture is the world’s most important industry. According to the structure, Šumadija district is mainly composed of arable land and gardens, which make up 69%. The increased amount of COVID-19 waste generated from medical activities in rural areas needs to be properly handled due to its contagious, even lethal properties. The aim of this study is an analysis of two drivers through the generation of COVID-19 waste, Central and local treatment site, proposed transport routes, and total cost in Šumadija district. Results showed the economic costs of transportation increased 2.5 times compared to before and after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the increase in health risk was correlated to the increase in the per capita cost of transportation along the transportation routes. Analyses of human health risks and detailed financial calculations gave a clear insight in infectious waste management possible influence on agriculture.
L’activité de soins dans les hôpitaux génère d’importantes quantités de déchets, en général dangereux pour les personnels qui les manipulent, pour le public et pour l’environnement. L’article met en évidence deux leviers de la maîtrise des accidents liés à la rétro-logistique lors de la manipulation des déchets médicaux hospitaliers. Une étude a été conduite dans le contexte africain afin d’en apprécier l’impact. Les données ont été collectées auprès des principaux acteurs de la chaîne logistique d’évacuation des déchets (agents de surface assurant le tri et la collecte). Les résultats indiquent que le climat de travail a un effet significatif sur la maîtrise des accidents, mais aussi sur la relation entre l’engagement de la direction générale et la maîtrise des accidents.
In this paper we review research on the location of facilities that have a negative impact on surrounding communities which are defined in the literature, for example, as obnoxious, undesirable, noxious facilities. Overall, the literature on obnoxious facility location is quite large, and because of this we have even been somewhat selective in that we emphasize here the types of problems that have emerged in the literature but not all of the algorithms and specialized heuristics that have been developed to solve these problems. We do, however, give details as to how specific problems have been approached as optimization problems. We have also attempted to cover the historical roots of this research field.
