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Anyphaena zorynae n. sp., habitus, dorsal view: 1 male; 2 female. Anyphaena zuyelenae n. sp., same: 3 male; 4 female. Scale bars: 5 mm.
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The family Anyphaenidae is composed by 56 genera and 542 species worldwide (World Spider Catalog 2015). These spiders, known as "ghost spiders", are wandering hunters living in a variety of environments, from forests to deserts, and can be quite abundant in different crops such as cotton, sorghum and rice (Brescovit 1996; Young & Edwards 1990; Tayl...
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Tibelloides Mello-Leitão, 1939 currently comprises four species of Neotropical grass-dwelling spiders. Herein, we describe and illustrate Tibelloides castelo sp. nov. with few records from Brazil (Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro), and Tibelloides juatuba sp. nov., with records from Brazil (Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Rondônia) and Paraguay (San...
The trapdoor spider genus Eucteniza Ausserer, 1875 is distributed in North America, with most diversity in Mexico. In this work, a new species is described from the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco, Mexico: Eucteniza cuixmala sp. nov., was collected from a dry tropical deciduous forest in the western coast of Mexico. The species is descr...
Citations
... Anyphaena Sundevall, 1833, the most species-rich genus of the family Anyphaenidae Bertkau,1878, is represented by 106 wander-hunting species widely distributed in Asia, Europe and the Americas (WSC 2024;Rivera-Quiroz and Álvarez-Padilla 2023). In contrast to the taxonomic study of the genus in the Americas, it remains poorly known in Asia, which only has 17 species records, most of them sporadically described and only known from the original description (Durán-Barrón et al. 2016;WSC 2024). To date, eight endemic species known from both sexes are recorded from China, which is much higher than in nearby countries, such as Japan (3), Russia (3) and India (1) (WSC 2024). ...
Four new species of the genus Anyphaena Sundevall, 1833 collected from Xizang, China, are described: A. cibagou Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), A. linzhi Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), A. shufui Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♀) and A. yejiei Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♀). Diagnostic photos of the habitus and copulatory organs and a distributional map are provided.
... A revision of the Nearctic and some Neotropical species recognized four species groups (accentuata [palearctic], celer, pectorosa and pacifica [nearctic and neotropical]) based on genital morphology and somatic sexual dimorphic characters (Platnick 1974). The majority of species of Anyphaena have goodquality illustrations and descriptions that facilitate the comparison with the new species described here (Keyserling 1879;Pickard-Cambridge O. 1896;Pickard-Cambridge F. 1900;Kraus 1955;Platnick 1974Platnick , 1977Dondale & Redner 1982;Sierwald 1988;Brescovit & Lise 1989;Brescovit 1997;Durán-Barrón et al. 2016). However, the utilization of somatic and genital descriptions, standard views in photography, illustrations, and molecular data greatly facilitate taxonomic comparisons. ...
... ). Males can be differentiated by the presence of the following features: median apophysis hook-shaped and with a ventral transparent lamella, ventral tegular projection distal section widest, middle section constricted, retrolateral border with a transparent cuticular edge, prolateral border with a basal protuberance (Figs 29A-B, D, 30 A-B, D), RTA posterior branch roughly squared with a spine-shaped process on its anterior border(Figs 29D, F, 30D). Ventral tegular projections with broad middle sections and translucent retrolateral edges are also present in A. zorynae and A. zuyelenaeDurán-Barrón, Pérez & Brescovit, 2016 (Durán-Barrón et al. 2016: figs 5, 9, 12, 16), A. pectorosa and A. pacifica ...
The rhythm of biodiversity loss vastly surpasses the number of new species described per year, with several taxa going extinct without us even knowing about their existence. After more than 250 years of traditional taxonomy, it is clear that the rate of biodiversity description and discovery needs to be improved. Molecular data has greatly increased the speed of species discovery and accuracy of taxonomic delimitation. Phenotypic documentation, although relatively slower, is still crucial to identify species and communicate taxonomic discoveries to a broader audience. Here, we integrate these data sources to describe a relatively large number of new species of the spider genus Anyphaena and look into its internal phylogenetic relationships. Our findings support the existence of several species groups within Anyphaena (as currently defined), but failed to recover the monophyly of this genus, suggesting a more comprehensive revision of its species groups and closely related anyphaenid genera is necessary. The 21 new species described here are: Anyphaena adnani sp. nov., A. bifurcata sp. nov., A. dulceae sp. nov., A. epicardia sp. nov., A. fernandae sp. nov., A. franciscoi sp. nov., A. ibarrai sp. nov., A. jimenezi sp. nov., A. megamedia sp. nov., A. miniducta sp. nov., A. natachae sp. nov., A. noctua sp. nov., A. porta sp. nov., A. quadrata sp. nov., A. rebecae sp. nov., A. salgueiroi sp. nov., A. sofiae sp. nov., A. stigma sp. nov., A. tonoi sp. nov., A. triangularis sp. nov. and A. urieli sp. nov.
... Knowledge about RTA clade in Mexico has been mainly taxonomic, paying special attention to species descriptions regarding some specific families (e.g. Rivera-Quiroz & Alvarez-Padilla 2015;Durán-Barrón et al. 2016;Chamé-Vázquez et al. 2018), hence, knowledge gaps in its ecology and diversity are evident. ...
We analyzed the spatial-seasonal patterns on the abundance, composition, structure (i.e. abundance distribution among species), and diversity of the ground-dwelling spiders belonging to the retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) clade in two pine-oak forest remnants from Mexico. Additionally, a short review to compare the RTA ground-dwelling communities from Mexican habitats was carried out. Spiders were collected monthly, from July 2010 to June 2011, using pitfall-traps at each site. Species composition was seasonally, but not spatially, different. Estimated diversity for the Hill number 1 was influenced by the sites, and a site–season interaction effect was yielded for the Hill number 2. Abundance and community structure were strongly influenced by both sites and seasons. Six species exhibited strong associations with spatial and seasonal-specific conditions (possible bioindicators). Bibliographic analysis showed the highest richness and the lowest number of undescribed species in desert habitats of northern Mexico, pointing those as possible species repositories for the RTA clade. Our results showed a heterogenous spatial-seasonal response in the RTA ground-dwelling spiders, together with a weak influence of the regional variation in temperature and precipitation on the abundance and species richness, suggesting a stronger influence of ecological drivers at the microhabitat scale.
