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Many studies on young adults’ motivations for drinking overlook the symbolic aspects of alcohol use. However, research indicates that young adults’ alcohol consumption is also driven by signaling motivations. Although the interest of a receiver is a necessary prerequisite of a signal, no previous studies have verified whether drinking behavior inde...
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... experimental displays focused on drinking behavior, whereas the other slides functioned as fil- lers. Each display showed one drinking behavior and two to three functional behaviors (see Table 1) of the same person. In Part 1, the four experimental displays on drinking behavior showed a young male adult (male study), whereas Part 2 showed a young female adult (female study). ...
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Citations
... A few studies have examined physiological responses to images of alcohol use and other non-risky behaviors (Lang & Lee, 2014;Lang et al., 2005;Vincke & Vyncke, 2017). ...
... Some studies revealed that alcohol images are related to elevated levels of skin conductance and a better recall of these images compared to images of non-risky products, suggesting more thorough processing of this content (Lang & Lee, 2014;Lang et al., 2005). Only one study has examined visual attention to alcohol depictions and demonstrated that participants fixated sooner and more frequently on images of alcohol than images portraying neutral behaviors (Vincke & Vyncke, 2017). ...
... These studies employed simple stimuli materials of solitary objects (Lang & Lee, 2014;Lang et al., 2005) or depicted alcohol against neutral backgrounds (Vincke & Vyncke, 2017). Instagram images are more complex, depicting detailed settings (Hu et al., 2014) and interactions with alcohol (Cirillo et al., 2022). ...
Social media users are frequently exposed to alcohol images on Instagram, which in turn influences their own alcohol behaviors. Yet, it is unclear what factors drive attention to alcohol cues. In an eye-tracking study (N = 108; Mage = 16.54), we examined adolescents' attention to Instagram Stories depending on: (a) the type of beverage depicted (beer vs water), (b) the character-product interaction portrayed (CPI: peers in images shown consuming [high CPI] vs holding beverages [low CPI]) and, (c) participant's own susceptibility (high vs low-risk alcohol drinker). Our results illustrated that adolescents allocated an equal amount of attention to beer and water depicted in Instagram images. Furthermore, they devoted more attention to Instagram images wherein peers were shown consuming water and beer (high CPI) compared to those wherein peers were holding these beverages (low CPI). Surprisingly, high-risk alcohol drinkers were more responsive to both beer and water cues than low-risk drinkers. This was particularly the case for Instagram images with high CPI. These findings have implications for how health cues on Instagram are attended to and processed.
... Indeed, there might be a number of tactics that both young men and young women employ to attract short-term mates and otherwise facilitate their short-term mating orientation (STMO), 7,18-20 including, perhaps, alcohol-related behavior. 21,22 In particular, people might engage in hazardous drinking to appear attractive to prospective sexual partners, and research has found a moderate correlation between binge drinking and STMO. 23 A meta-analytic review additionally found significant positive associations between heavier alcohol use and engagement in casual sexual experiences. ...
Objectives:
Sexual Strategies Theory suggests people fall on a continuum between having short-term mating orientation (STMO) and long-term mating orientation. One way STMO individuals signal mating goals is via risky drinking. The current study therefore aims to investigate drinks per week (DPW) as a mediator between STMO and risky sexual behavior (RSB), with gender as a moderator between STMO and DPW.
Participants:
Undergraduate students (N = 300) from a Midwestern university during Fall 2019.
Method:
Participants completed questionnaires assessing STMO, DPW, and RSB frequency.
Results:
A moderated-mediation model indicated DPW significantly mediated the relationship between STMO and RSB. Positive associations were found among all three variables. Gender was not a moderator between STMO and DPW.
Conclusions:
Mating orientation was a correlate of alcohol use and RSB for women and men, contributing to the literature identifying STMO as an indicator of those in need of substance use and RSB intervention.
... Sixty-eight papers were excluded during this phase because they (1) only considered alcohol consumption measures as control variables, were centrally focused on other substance abuse or did not report alcohol-related results (31 papers excluded); or (2) did not include participants with diagnosed sub-clinical or clinical AUD, or with a validly evaluated and clearly labeled excessive alcohol consumption pattern, or did not propose a valid measure of alcohol consumption habits (37 papers excluded). Among these studies, several ones evaluated alcohol consumption through validated questionnaires but were excluded because they did not report alcohol consumption scores (e.g., Brown and Richardson, 2012;Thomsen and Fulton, 2007;Vincke and Vyncke, 2017) or did not consider the influence of alcoholrelated measures on eye tracking indexes (e.g., Friese et al., 2010;Frings et al., 2018;Jędras et al., 2018;Moss et al., 2015;Qureshi et al., 2018;Rose et al., 2013Rose et al., , 2018Sillero-Rejon et al., 2019;Wilcockson and Pothos, 2016;Yzer et al., 2017). This procedure ended up in the selection of 36 papers, which were included in the systematic review. ...
Acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol use disorders are characterized by a wide range of psychological and cerebral impairments, which have been widely explored using neuropsychological and neuroscientific techniques. Eye tracking has recently emerged as an innovative tool to renew this exploration, as eye movements offer complementary information on the processes underlying perceptive, attentional, memory or executive abilities. Building on this, the present systematic and critical literature review provides a comprehensive overview of eye-tracking studies exploring cognitive and affective processes among alcohol drinkers. Using PRISMA guidelines, 36 papers that measured eye movements among alcohol drinkers were extracted from three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus). They were assessed for methodological quality using a standardized procedure, and categorized based on the main cognitive function measured, namely perceptive abilities, attentional bias, executive function, emotion and prevention/intervention. Eye tracking indexes showed that alcohol-related disorders are related to: (1) a stable pattern of basic eye movement impairments, particularly during alcohol intoxication; (2) a robust attentional bias, indexed by increased dwell times for alcohol-related stimuli; (3) a reduced inhibitory control on saccadic movements; (4) an increased pupillary reactivity to visual stimuli, regardless of their emotional content; (5) a limited visual attention to prevention messages. Perspectives for future research are proposed, notably encouraging the exploration of eye movements in severe alcohol use disorders and the establishment of methodological gold standards for eye tracking measures in this field.
... Similarly, inside complex visual scenes presented on a computer screen, alcoholic beverages can elicit a greater number of cue-directed eye movements and the extent to which they do appears to be relate to alcohol use levels (Roy-Charland et al., 2017). More eye movements tend to be directed toward alcohol use scenes when they are presented alongside other scenes and gaze duration tends to be longer (Vincke and Vyncke, 2017). Similarly, the duration of gazes toward alcoholic beverage pictures and words tend to be longer than the duration of gazes toward concurrently presented non-alcohol pictures and words and this bias tends to be positively related to typical alcohol use ( (Ceballos et al., 2015;Christiansen et al., 2015a;Fernie et al., 2012;Field et al., 2011b;Friese et al., 2010;Laude and Fillmore, 2015;Lee et al., 2014;Melaugh McAteer et al., 2015;Fillmore, 2011, 2010;Rose et al., 2013;Fillmore, 2013, 2012), but see: (Schoenmakers et al., 2008)). ...
Cofresí, R. C., B. D. Bartholow and T. M. Piasecki. Evidence for incentive salience sensitization as a pathway to alcohol use disorder. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 21(1) XXX-XXX, 1998. - The incentive salience sensitization (ISS) theory of addiction holds that addictive behavior stems from the ability of drugs to progressively sensitize the brain circuitry that mediates attribution of incentive salience (IS) to reward-predictive cues and its behavioral manifestations. In this article, we establish the plausibility of ISS as an etiological pathway to alcohol use disorder (AUD). We provide a comprehensive and critical review of evidence for: (1) the ability of alcohol to sensitize the brain circuitry of IS attribution and expression; and (2) attribution of IS to alcohol-predictive cues and its sensitization in humans and non-human animals. We point out gaps in the literature and how these might be addressed. We also highlight how individuals with different alcohol subjective response phenotypes may differ in susceptibility to ISS as a pathway to AUD. Finally, we discuss important implications of this neuropsychological mechanism in AUD for psychological and pharmacological interventions attempting to attenuate alcohol craving and cue reactivity.
... Previous studies suggested that binge drinking among young adults is associated with short-term mating strategies (Sylwester & Pawłowski, 2011;Vincke, 2017;Vincke & Vyncke, 2017). In this study, we indirectly explored the idea that binge drinking is part of a short-term mating strategy by examining the relationship between sex ratio and binge drinking rates at the population level. ...
Previous research suggests that binge drinking among young men serves as a “costly signal” to potential mates, such that the binge drinker is capable of bearing the harmful consequences of alcohol consumption. Here, we propose that binge drinking among young adults is conditionally dependent upon the signaler’s willingness to take risks, which is influenced by the local operational sex ratio (OSR). Using archived binge drinking estimates from 2009 to 2012 and Census Bureau records of OSRs, we tested the relationship between OSR and binge drinking rates at the county level across 3,143 U.S. counties against hypotheses drawn from evolutionary theory. Results from our mixed-effects models revealed that a higher overall OSR (i.e., more eligible men compared to women) was associated with higher male binge drinking rates but lower female binge drinking rates. A higher OSR particularly in the 20–29 and 50+ age groups predicted higher male binge drinking rates but lower female binge drinking rates. Our findings generally support predictions derived from evolutionary theory and suggest that binge drinking may function as a costly sexual signal, conditionally regulated by age and the local sex ratio.
... y. egzistuoja kultūrinės alkoholio vartojimo normos, bet tuo pat metu alkoholio vartojimas vis labiau tampa nepageidaujamu ir ribojamu moderniųjų visuomenių kultūros reiškiniu). Sąlygiškai galima skirti saikingą alkoholio vartojimą (moderate alcohol consumption) 1 , kuris suteikia malonumą ir yra būdas mažinti stresą bei nerimą (Ritchie, Roser 2018;Hames 2012), bei žalingą, besaikį vartojimą (excessive drinking) 2 , kuris yra susijęs su daugeliu neigiamų padarinių, tokių kaip ligos, rizika sveikatai, nelaimingi atsitikimai, smurtas, savižudybės, nusikalstamumas, kelių eismo įvykiai ir priklausomybė nuo alkoholio (Ritchie, Roser 2018;OECD/EU 2016;Vincke, Vyncke 2017). Lietuvoje daug diskutuojama apie tai, kaip mažinti alkoholio vartojimą, pasitelkiamos įvairios priemonės: draudžiama alkoholio reklama žiniasklaidoje, apribojamas alkoholio įsigijimo laikas, amžius (draudimai įsigaliojo nuo 2018 m. sausio 1 d.), ribojamas alkoholio kiekis kraujyje vairuojant (iki 0,4 promilės), atitinkamai didinamos bausmės už vairavimą išgėrus, šeimos gydytojai sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose turi teisę siūlyti pacientams atlikti alkoholio vartojimo testus, leidžiančius anksčiau identifikuoti žalingą alkoholio vartojimą ir/ ar riziką priklausomybei. ...
There is increasing academic and public interest in the rise of non-alcoholic (NA) beverage options. As a whole, the nascent stream of research on NA consumption has generated some important insights into the demand and attractiveness of NA options to consumers. However, we know little about how the social context both influences and is influenced by NA wine consumption. This paper examines how the motives, social contextual factors, and outcomes may differ for NA wine consumption. We apply signaling theory to develop our formal propositions and present the results of a netnography study, which provides the initial corroboration of our conceptual model. Finally, we discuss the implications of our model and directions for future scholarship in this important area of wine research.
