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Examples of natural (A) and experimental (B) chimerism in 18 mammalian species. In the majority of cases in the literature,
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Chimerism is a widespread phenomenon across the tree of life. It is defined as a multicellular organism composed of cells from other genetically distinct entities. This ability to ‘tolerate’ non-self cells may be linked to susceptibility to diseases like cancer. Here we test whether chimerism is associated with cancers across obligately multicellul...
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Context 1
... found that the highest chimerism level observed does not explain a significant amount of variance in malignancy prevalence or neoplasia prevalence ( The majority of these mammalian chimeras are developmentally young, immunosuppressed and/or inbred. Across the literature, eleven species are experimentally-induced chimeras, four species are natural chimeras, and three species including humans are both experimentally-induced and natural chimeras ( Table 2; Supplementary Table 2). ...Context 2
... period of time that the foreign cells survive in the host varies from 179 days in the Hamadryas baboon to a lifetime in humans. Graft cells have been found in many locations in the host, including the brain, spleen, liver, heart, pancreas, blood, and the thymus, depending on the species (Table 2; Supplementary Table 2). ...Context 3
... on the current literature, chimerism has been reported early in development in nine mammalian species, later in development in three species, both early and late in development in five species, and no data on the developmental timing of chimerism were available in the rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Table 2). N/A "transplanted early in gestation when the recipient is still largely immunologically naive." ...Context 4
... (Table 1), and in 18 terrestrial mammalian species (Table 2) for which we had data on malignancy prevalence and neoplasia prevalence. ...Context 10
... Table 2 see Table 2 see Table 2 Tunicat a (tunicat es) mesh made oysters less likely to reject implanted nuclei 81,160 ; air-drying or incision with collagen-based skin-like scaffold to allow wound healing after transplantation 79 6 months 79 ; 6 months 80 ; 14 days after grafting 82 DNA from the donor oyster detected in the pearl sac 161 ; whether "the DNA detected is actively transcribed, is yet to be determined." 81 fusion at a critical time when "the ciliated epithelium is being replaced by the permanent flat epithelium", "with pipette and needle coaxed together into a clump." ...Context 11
... Table 2 see Table 2 see Table 2 Tunicat a (tunicat es) mesh made oysters less likely to reject implanted nuclei 81,160 ; air-drying or incision with collagen-based skin-like scaffold to allow wound healing after transplantation 79 6 months 79 ; 6 months 80 ; 14 days after grafting 82 DNA from the donor oyster detected in the pearl sac 161 ; whether "the DNA detected is actively transcribed, is yet to be determined." 81 fusion at a critical time when "the ciliated epithelium is being replaced by the permanent flat epithelium", "with pipette and needle coaxed together into a clump." ...Context 12
... Table 2 see Table 2 see Table 2 Tunicat a (tunicat es) mesh made oysters less likely to reject implanted nuclei 81,160 ; air-drying or incision with collagen-based skin-like scaffold to allow wound healing after transplantation 79 6 months 79 ; 6 months 80 ; 14 days after grafting 82 DNA from the donor oyster detected in the pearl sac 161 ; whether "the DNA detected is actively transcribed, is yet to be determined." 81 fusion at a critical time when "the ciliated epithelium is being replaced by the permanent flat epithelium", "with pipette and needle coaxed together into a clump." ...