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... component relating to the potential intensity of a hazard of each HILP event [2]. The fragility curve can be acquired from i) identification of a big data set of previous failures, ii) a structural simulation model, iii) expert judgment, or iv) a combination of i) to iii) [2]. Examples of fragility curve of an HILP event is simply demonstrated in Fig. 1. Let n = F actor 1, F actor 2, · · · , F actor n is the counter for considered factor for the fragility curve of each HILP event and k = V ariable 1, V ariable 2, · · · , V ariable k, the probability vector of occurrence of event k with factor n, P n HILP (k|n) in (1) can be obtained ...

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... Such extreme disruptive events are characterised by high impact and low probability causing potentially longer power outages. Consequently, grid planning should not only consider reliability-driven aspects but also other more severe disruptions [19][20][21][22]. In response to this need, the resilience concept has been incorporated into the planning of energy systems, drawing its origins from the field of ecological sciences as first proposed by Holling [23]. ...
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... Fig. 2 visually presents the organization and structure of the paper. This paper is developed from our previous paper [3] presented at 2022 IEEE Global Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GlobConPT). ...
... However, it should be noted that extreme events, such as wildfires, can impact the power grid without causing direct damage. For instance, soot accumulation caused by a wildfire can lead to high leakage current and line-off [1]- [3]. Additionally, wildfires and the consequent rise in temperature can negatively affect the output of PV generation, resulting in a 7%-30% reduction in their generation [1], [3], [7]. ...
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