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-Examples of Fəlsäta lämaryam of the second type from the lake Ṭana region (Zäge Peninsula). 2a -Mural painting, 18 th -19 th centuries, Ura Kidanä Məḥrät Monastery. 2b -Mural painting, 18 th -19 th Aswa Maryam Monastery. © Mario Lozano Alonso.

-Examples of Fəlsäta lämaryam of the second type from the lake Ṭana region (Zäge Peninsula). 2a -Mural painting, 18 th -19 th centuries, Ura Kidanä Məḥrät Monastery. 2b -Mural painting, 18 th -19 th Aswa Maryam Monastery. © Mario Lozano Alonso.

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It is well known that some iconographic models have been introduced from Europe in Ethiopia since the Middle Ages, and several facts point in the direction that the Fəlsäta lämaryam iconography was developed from imported Immaculate Conception images after the Jesuit presence in the country (1557–1632). The iconography of the Immaculate Conception...

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... second model from the 18 th century shows more details: Mary's head is shown surrounded by stars, rays and shining circles, and the cloak is fastened with a brooch. The paintings are similar to Francisco Pacheco's Inmaculada paintings, as the iconography evolved during the 18th century in the Iberian Peninsula (see Figs. 2a and 2b). 4 In the case of the first type, as I have explained before, the most likely models were the paintings and engravings imported into the country by the Jesuits during their missionary period, including the years of the Catholic Ethiopian kingdom (1621-1632). The models for the second type were certainly imported from India, but the ...