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Magars are one of the oldest tribes in Nepal having indigenous knowledge of health care practices. Dhaubadi VDC is homogenously inhabited with Magars. There are authentic healers and elder people having knowledge of traditional health care practices. Data of traditional knowledge about Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz, Premna barbata Wall ex Schaureand L...
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Citations
... With its roots in traditional medicine, Flemingia macrophylla offers respiratory health additional benefits, especially in terms of its ability to prevent anaphylaxis and treat asthma [64]. Southeast Asian traditional communities have long used this treasure of a botanical to treat respiratory ailments, demonstrating a deep awareness of its potential benefits in reducing symptoms of asthma and allergic reactions [47]. ...
... Conventional uses, which frequently involve utilizing various plant parts, align with scientific studies demonstrating the plant's capacity to impede the growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms. Research on Flemingia macrophylla's antimicrobial activity highlights the possibility of using it to treat infectious diseases [64]. The plant's broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy is attributed to its diverse range of bioactive compounds, which have antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria and antiviral activity against viral infections [70]. ...
Because of its long history of use in traditional medicine, Flemingia macrophylla has attracted a lot of attention from the fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology. However, a comprehensive research data on its phytochemistry and pharmacological roles have not been found in the literature. This comprehensive review combines the abundance of information regarding the traditional application, phytochemical makeup, and pharmacological properties, demonstrating its critical role in the traditional Chinese medicine. Examining its past uses in many cultural contexts from treating gastrointestinal issues to treating dermatological conditions highlights its extraordinary adaptability. This article reveals the generations-long development of Flemingia macrophylla as a reliable Chinese medicine through an examination of ethnobotanical records. Its phytochemical composition is carefully examined in this review, which reveals a complex array of chemicals including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids that are crucial to comprehending the plant's potential as a medicine. Determining the pharmacological consequences of the bioactive components of this plant components requires a thorough structural clarification. Pharmacological studies demonstrate a range of actions, including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and cardiovascular benefits, consistent with its conventional applications. Its antifungal function in particular highlights how useful it is against microbial dangers in general. Throughout, the paper highlights how conventional knowledge and contemporary pharmacology are convergent, emphasizing the mutually beneficial interaction between cultural legacy and evidence-based treatment. Encapsulating the historical significance and current relevance of Flemingia macrophylla in the integration of traditional Chinese medicine into modern healthcare practices, this comprehensive compilation could be an invaluable resource for researchers, herbalists, and healthcare practitioners.
... Table-3 provides an overview of some important works (last 5 years) on the pharmacological properties of plant extracts and the isolated compounds and their activities undertaken so far. [24] reported that stem bark, leaf and seed of O. indicum possess antimicrobial property against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli) bacteria. Among the tested bacteria, the maximum zone of inhibition was observed in methanolic extract of O. indicum leaf against E. coli (23 mm) followed by hexane extract of leaf against S. aureus with 15 mm. ...
Oroxylum indicum Vent. is an important herbal medicinal plant of South-East Asian countries. The plant parts are used in several traditional
medicines to cure various diseases. It has been known to possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antiulcer and hepatoprotective activities. A wide range of bioactive compounds (like aloe-emodin, chrysin, baicalein, oroxylin A, oroxin A-D, hispiludin and
ursolic acid) have been isolated from it, of which flavonoids constitute major secondary metabolites. The presented review summarizes
the works undertaken till date, concerning the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological study of the plant.
Premna barbata Wall. ex Schauer is a widely used therapeutic plant belonging to family Lamiaceae and is distributed in various parts of India. Different parts of the plant were used traditionally in various ailments like arthritic pain, dropsy, herpes complex disease, etc. In the present study, systematic pharmacognostic study, preliminary phytochemical screening, HPTLC fingerprinting profile and in vitro antioxidant studies of the plant were carried out. The stembark was greyish brown in colour having rough, softly corky texture. Transverse section study and powdered microscopy revealed useful diagnostic features. The loss on drying of plant material was 5.43 ± 0.35% w/w. The total ash, water-soluble ash, and acid insoluble ash were found to be 11.66 ± 0.34, 09.00 ± 0.28 and 02.50 ± 0.12% w/w, respectively. P. barbata stem bark extractive values were found to be 08.00 ± 0.35, 06.00 ± 0.41% w/w alcohol soluble (Hot, Cold), and 13.00 ± 0.54, 11.00 ± 0.11% w/w water soluble extractives (Hot, Cold), respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening confirms the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, steroids/triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds in different solvent extracts. HPTLC chromatogram gives the idea about the number of phytochemicals present in the different extracts of Premna barbata. Among the different extracts, the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) showed significant antioxidant activity. These results provide major evidence that the Premna barbata have antioxidant potential. The investigation carried out will provide complete pharmacognostic profile of stem bark of Premna barbata and hence will be useful for correct recognition of the species for upcoming studies.
Diploknema butyracea (Roxb.) H. J. Lam, butter tree, locally known as Chiuri, is a medium to large-sized deciduous tree widely distributed on the south-facing slopes in the sub-Himalayan region from 200 m to 1500 m. This is an economically valuable, nutritionally important, ecologically slow-growing, and culturally integrated multipurpose tree species. The tree is culturally connected with an ethnic minority group, Chepang, in central Nepal. We systematically reviewed over 102 primary research studies, review papers, and grey literature, along with nine field visits, three each in western, central, and eastern Nepal to collect the population and ethnobotanical data of Chiuri. Additionally, government forest officials, forest user groups, and local communities of 62 districts were consulted to collect and verify the information on distribution, use, and conservation. The interrelationship of ecology and ethnobotany of Chiuri was found to be positively associated. This tree was reported to be grown in 58 districts, abundant in central and western Siwalik and mid-hills. The ethnobotanical use reports of Chiuri used by 26 ethnic groups were recorded from 22 districts. Among the groups, Chepang has intensive use reports and conserved this multipurpose tree since time immemorial. Ethnotaxonomically, four types of Diploknema species were reported by Chepang communities, whereas the national botanical records and molecular analyses have yet to confirm the types. As the species complements the livelihood, traditions, history, socio-culture, folklore, and household economy of Chepang people, we supported the argument that the D. butyracea is a cultural keystone tree species (CKTS) in Nepal for Chepang people. Further research on socio-cultural, ethno-ecological, and morpho-molecular attributes is urged for cultural integrity, biodiversity, and bioprospecting.
Leea macrophylla Roxb. and Lagerstromia parviflora Roxb. are important traditionally used medicinal plants from ancient time period. In present work, medicinal significance and the pharmacological effects of the plant are discussed. It is essential to study the uses of plants and other associated knowledge which will help for researchers to introduce new phytoproducts for scientific validation. Besides, the present work suggests that the more scientific data is required to explore its chemical constituents in the treatment of diseases and disorders for making new therapeutic drugs. It is also suggested that both species are under threat of extinction so need to be protected.
Objectives
Premna barbata Wall. ex Schauer; (Lamiaceae) is a deciduous shrub or tree known as Aganyo in folk language. The plant is widely used in treating various diseases traditionally such as arthritic pain, dropsy, diarrhoea, fever, and herpes complex disease. However, comprehensive data on this medicinally important plant is not available in the literature. Therefore, this review aimed to provide a detailed overview on the botanical description, ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological investigations of Premna barbata to provide a scientific consensus for future research investigations and to link its traditionally claimed use to scientifically proven results.
Methods
Information regarding the plant was gathered from an electronic database such as Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, ACS, Springer, SciFinder, Taylor and Francis, Google Scholar, Scopus and Journal websites. The scientific name of the plant was validated using The Plant List and The International Plant Names Index.
Results
An exhaustive study of the accessible sources of Premna barbata confirmed its origin, distribution, ethnomedicinal use. It has been used in the form of powders, juice, paste, and decoctions against various ailments. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of different phytoconstituents. Only antibacterial potential of the plant has been reported yet.
Conclusion
By performing the literature search, Premna barbata showcased its importance in folkloric medicine as well as in ayurvedic system of medicine. Moreover, the collected information from various trustworthy sources shows that the plant holds many hidden potentials and can, therefore, be studied extensively for its quality control, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity. Furthermore, in-depth studies are required to discover key features which can help in future research work. An effort is required to investigate this plant species which is found distributed in most of the unexplored regions as well as it needs to be preserved as it’s on the verge of extinction.
Indigenous communities and tribes of Nepal have been using medicinal plants for the treatment of several diseases or ailments since their origin. Various studies were conducted in the Terai region of Nepal regarding the pharmacological, ethnobotanical, and medicinal importance of plant species. This study aims to compile information on ethnomedicinal uses of plants by major ethnic groups in the Terai districts of Nepal. A total of 35 published documents based on ethnomedicinal uses of several medicinal plants in Terai of Nepal till 2020 A.D. were accessed for the study from online portals like Research Gate, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 300 plant species from 98 families were documented which are used for the treatment of 120 diseases or ailments by the 8 ethnic groups of 6 terai districts. Leaf of plants is found to be used for the treatment of maximum number of diseases (72). Plants from families like Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, etc. were used for the treatement of diseases like Diabetes, jaundice, syphilis, gastritis and other wounds, fractures and mental disorders. Indigenous knowledge and ethnomedicinal importance of different plant species must be explored, documented, and passed through different generations which could widen the scope of modern herbal medicine science.
