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Estimated family mean probability of spike knots (green dots) with regression pane (green gridded surface) depending on mean height at the most recent inventory and recorded presence of trees with lammas shoots in the 6th growing season at different ages: 7 (a), 10 (b), 12 (c) and 16 years (d). (Color figure online)

Estimated family mean probability of spike knots (green dots) with regression pane (green gridded surface) depending on mean height at the most recent inventory and recorded presence of trees with lammas shoots in the 6th growing season at different ages: 7 (a), 10 (b), 12 (c) and 16 years (d). (Color figure online)

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Article
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Productive Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in the Baltic region ensure high-quality sawlogs for the timber market and contribute to carbon sequestration. Spike knots are serious stem defects, which reduce the proportion of valuable timber; therefore, the extent of genetic control of their occurrence and relationship with other traits must b...

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