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p>This study advances research on using language in online communication. It intended to analyze texting on WhatsApp in terms of linguistic and paralinguistic characteristics, the identity of interlocutors, and uses of emojis. Adopting a corpus-based approach to the study of language variation, data were collected from WhatsApp chat group of six ma...
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Context 1
... four of the contexts where it was used, it indicated approval. For example, the message shown in Figure 4 illustrate that "thumbs up" can be used as a sign of agreement or approval of something; "A" agreed to a proposal made by O to meet at Red Lobster from 6 -7. A followed this emoji by writing "I agree with ur suggestion," which intensifies the meaning of emojis. ...
Context 2
... example, in one setting, the interlocutors were sarcastically speaking to each other on who was smarter than the other; they would usually use a smiley face after each sarcastic statement. While Figure 4 illustrates using emojis along with SMS, emojis can be, in some cases, used without text and they still carry meaning. In the messages shown in Figure 5, J asked a yes/no question about where they were going to meet, A answered with a yes, and then J replied with a flower without any other text . ...
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Citations
... Berger and Coch (2010) and Al-Kadi (2019) concede that texted English is a hybrid, technology-based language derived from Standard English modified to facilitate instant and text messaging communication. Vosloo (2009) finds that many, if not most, textisms are some form of phonetic abbreviation, a findings endorsed by Ahmed and Al-Kadi (2016). As well, Hamzah, Ghorbani and Abdullah (2009) indicate that the language used in students' emails and SMS messaging was full of spoken-like spelling and abbreviations. ...
This paper aims to investigate the effect of phonological features on online written text
messages. Data were collected from ninety ESL Indian students at Aligarh Muslim
University with regards to their Facebook-based chats. The dataset was fed into SPSS for
analysis. Major findings showed that the respondents tend to use vowels deletion, substitution of numbers for phones, words represented by a single letter and overuse of
sounds to represent phonology in their written text messages. With this in mind, that the
study yielded evidence that texting reverses the previous studies that spelling first and
then phonology. That is to say, this study revealed that phonology affects the way of
writing online text messages. This study also showed that phonology is used in the written forms and that Facebook users sometimes reject to follow the standard spelling of English and write the words as they are pronounced, not as they are written in standard English.
... Tagliamonte and Denis (2008) suggest that new media language does not interfere with standard literacy. Many other linguistic studies on texting find that texting doesn't have a negative impact on language (Al-kadi , 2017;Ahmed & Al-kadi, 2016;Grinter & Eldridge, 2001, 2003Faulkner &Culwin, 2004 andDoring, 2002). Farina and Lyddy (2011) argue that text messaging language is not as deviant as media portrays. ...
Overindulgence in social networking, in general, and texting, in particular, is much in practice. It is cutting across various population boundaries and has almost assumed an endemic proportion. Its consequential impact on the standard language has acquired greater importance. This paper aims to determine the perceptions and attitudes of English Second Language (ESL) learners at
Aligarh Muslim University towards the consequences of texting on Standard English. The data were collected through a five-point scale questionnaire from ninety students who were enrolled at Aligarh Muslim University during the academic year 2010-2011. The respondents completed a 16-item questionnaire. The students from which the data were collected were grouped according to their levels. The results indicate the negative impact of this new usage of the language in breaking the rules of English language and influencing their literacy. Moreover, the questionnaire results from respondents' point of view show that regardless of their heavy use of texting, most
respondents have a negative attitude towards texting and they viewed it as a threat to Standard English.
... Tagliamonte and Denis (2008) suggest that new media language does not interfere with standard literacy. Many other linguistic studies on texting find that texting doesn't have a negative impact on language (Al-kadi , 2017;Ahmed & Al-kadi, 2016;Grinter & Eldridge, 2001, 2003Faulkner &Culwin, 2004 andDoring, 2002). Farina and Lyddy (2011) argue that text messaging language is not as deviant as media portrays. ...
Overindulgence in social networking, in general, and texting, in particular, is much in practice. It is cutting across various population boundaries and has almost assumed an endemic proportion. Its consequential impact on the standard language has acquired greater importance. This paper aims to determine the perceptions and attitudes of English Second Language (ESL) learners at Aligarh Muslim University towards the consequences of texting on Standard English. The data were collected through a five-point scale questionnaire from ninety students who were enrolled at Aligarh Muslim University during the academic year 2010-2011. The respondents completed a 16-item questionnaire. The students from which the data were collected were grouped according to their levels. The results indicate the negative impact of this new usage of the language in breaking the rules of English language and influencing their literacy. Moreover, the questionnaire results from respondents' point of view show that regardless of their heavy use of texting, most respondents have a negative attitude towards texting and they viewed it as a threat to Standard English.
... There is a growing literature showing that the term textese has its own orthographical, phonological, morphological and syntactic features that make it stand alone as a unique form of modern English (Ahmed & Al-kadi, 2016;Al-Kadi, 2017;Crystal, 2008). However, there is no consensus on the definition of the term 'textese. ...
... However, unlike the previous pace of language change, recent changes are taking place at a fast rate due to the influence of the Internet. These changes have prompted some linguists to adopt a new branch of linguistics (Internet linguistics), which analyzes new linguistic and paralinguistic features in the use of English today (see Ahmed & Al-kadi, 2016;Crystal, 2011). Internet linguistics examines electronic English, which greatly differs from the conventional forms of English in terms of form and usage. ...
Although the Internet came into existence in the second half of the twentieth century, its influence on language began to escalate in 1990 onwards. It has drastically changed the way people communicate and use English both in writing and speaking. Consequently, the world has become increasingly interconnected through synchronous and asynchronous communicational scripts, such as SMS, online chat, Yahoo messengers, emails, blogs, and wikis, which have become retrievable as accessible corpora for analysis. These corpora can yield anecdotal evidence of historical language change. The arrival of Web 2.0 tools and applications, such as Facebook, Twitter, Skype, WhatsApp, and Viber, can likewise reveal changes that English has recently undergone. The Internet has given rise to what is arguably a new variety of English that differs from standard varieties. This article provides an account of the development of English from dialects spoken by a small number of people in the British Isles to an international and global language. It emphasizes the language shifts that have taken place more recently since the widespread use of the Internet. The pervasiveness of the Internet has led to new changes in form and usage described as Internet English.
Social media's impact on the English language has significantly changed how language is viewed and used as modern online communication emerges. The English language setting has seen various shifts as a result of internet accessibility. Through the use of critical discourse analysis, this study investigated the impact of social media on a group of first-year college students at Batangas State University-The National Engineering University's English language competency. It investigated a sample of respondents' social media preferences, usage patterns, and purposes. The results show that social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are mostly used for communication by 18 to 19-year-old females, and their utilization is conceived to have an impact on English language proficiency. Meanwhile, the morphosyntactic and code-mixing features of English in online discourses are made explicit by the thematic analysis of the respondents' collected online postings and messages, highlighting the developments and processes. The study's overall finding was that the internet has established a significant impact on language by fostering creativity, hybridization, and adaptability to new communicative environments.
The main objective of the present study is to explore the linguistic features which characterize English used by texters. It also aims to investigate if texting follows any specific pattern. As this study aimed to investigate the linguistic features of texting and their impact on the structure of Standard English, the data of the study were collected from a sample of ninety students. The morphosyntactic elements, phonological elements and code mixing elements were linguistically analyzed separately, providing some examples from the data collected for the study. Although punctuation has been discussed under both morphosyntax and phonology, its significant presence in the data prompted us to look into the pragma-semantic elements in the use of punctuation by the texters. Five sent emails, five sent SMS and five sent Facebook chats from each of the respondents were collected to test the linguistic features of texting. SMS are more deviated from Standard English than Facebook chat texts in some cases such as deletion of subject and deletion of punctuation. It is found out that email texts were less deviated from Standard English than SMS and Facebook chat texts. It was found out that the respondents deviated from the Standard English in all the aspects which were examined, i.e. in morphosyntactic and phonological structures, which indicated that it could be a threat to Standard English. This study proved that texting followed some patterns in some cases but it was randomly used in other cases and it is difficult to control and find fixed patterns followed.
